Neurology

Question 0

Infant in frog leg posture (type 1), tongue fasciculations

Answer 0

SMA

Question 1

A disorder in posture and/or movement usually caused by non progressive insult to nervous system

Answer 1

Cerebral palsy

Question 2

Werdnig Hoffman

Answer 2

SMA Type 1 (poorest prognosis)

Question 3

Sparing of extraocular muscles despite hypotonia on traction & ventral suspension

Answer 3

SMA type 1

Question 4

SMA mode of inheritance

Answer 4

Autosomal recessive (SMN 1 gene)

Question 5

Spinal cord disorder that occurs segmental

Answer 5

Transverse myelopathy

Question 6

Post infectious autoimmune disorder that occurs in spinal cord & affects upper motor neurons

Answer 6

Transverse myelitis

Question 7

Post infectious autoimmune disorder that causes demyelination of the lower motor neuron (peripheral nerve)

Answer 7

Guillian Barre

Question 8

Common ED presentation: can’t pee and can’t walk

Answer 8

Transverse myelitis

Question 9

Areflexia

Answer 9

Peripheral nerve disease

Question 10

Young boy with foot drop, trips all the time, areflexic, bad foot arch

Answer 10

Charcot Marie Tooth

Question 11

Symmetric ascending poly neuropathy, calf pain, protein in CSF, areflexia

Answer 11

Guillian-Barre

Question 12

What diagnostic study must you follow in Guillain-Barre?

Answer 12

Functional vital capacity

Question 13

Tx for Guillian Barre

Answer 13

IVIG or plasmapheresis

Question 14

Asymmetric neuropathy with wrist drop, anemia

Answer 14

Lead toxicity

Question 15

Dx of myasthenia gravis

Answer 15

Tensilon test (edrophonium)

Question 16

Gradual onset of hypotonia + constipation

Answer 16

Infant botulism

Question 17

Muscular dystrophy that starts later and is more mild

Answer 17

Becker Muscular Dystrophy

Question 18

Normal newborn then develop Gowers sign

Answer 18

Duchenne

Question 19

Failure of closure of anterior neural tube

Answer 19

Anencephaly

Question 20

Associated with hairy patch, lipoma, skin color changes, dermal sinus. Syringomyelia, diastemetomyelia, tethered cord

Answer 20

Spinal bifida

Question 21

What is chiari malformation associated with

Answer 21

Syringomyelia

Question 22

Anteverted nostrils, prominent upper lip, micrognathia, lissencephaly, chromosome 17

Answer 22

Miller-Dieker

Question 23

Agenesis of corpus callosum, infantile spasms, chorioretinal lacunes

Answer 23

Aicardi Syndrome (X-linked dominant). Happens in girls.

Question 24

Most common reason for early hand dominance

Answer 24

Infarct or early ischemia

Question 25

EBV, mycoplasma, campylobacter

Answer 25

Causes of GBS

Question 26

Pendulum nystagmus, intermittent head tilt, nodding or titubating of the head

Answer 26

Spasms nutans (benign, transient)