Organizational L5 Flashcards
Motivation
the force that energizes people to act, directs behavior toward the attainment of specific goals, and sustains the effort expended in reaching those goals
Needs theories of motivation
motivation is the process of the interaction among various needs and the drives to satisfy those needs
Achievement motivation theory (needs theory)
3 needs are central to worker motivation: achievement, power, affiliation
Behavior-Based Theories of Motivation
focus on behavioral outcomes as critical to affecting work motivation
Reinforcement theory (Behavior-Based Theories of Motivation)
behavior is motivated by its consequences
extrinsic vs intrinsic motivation (Behavior-Based Theories of Motivation)
reward systems may undermine intrinsic motivation
goal setting theory (Behavior-Based Theories of Motivation0
setting specific and challenging performance goals
Job Design theories
structure and design of job are key motivators
job characteristics model (job design theory)
perceive work as meaningful, feel responsible for the job, , have knowledge of results of efforts (need skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback)
Cognitive theories of motivation
workers viewed as rational beings who cognitively assess costs and benefits before taking action
Equity theory (cognitive theory)
workers are motivated by a desire to be treated fairly (givers, takers, quit sensitives)
Expectancy theory (cognitive theory)
valence (rewards are valuable and desirable)
instrumentality (performance recognized and rewarded)
expectancy (effort results in improved performance
predicts worker attendance, productivity
performance appraisals
evaluation of employee and communication of results to that person
supervisor (limited), self(biased), peer (biased), subordinate, customer, 360 (costly)
