Health L1 Flashcards
Health Psychology
application of psychological model and techniques to health, illness, and healthcare
Usefulness of Models of Health Behavior
increase health enhancing behaviors, decrease health risky behaviors, explain and predict why people engage in health risk or health enhancing behaviors, identify health interventions
Transtheoretical Model
Discrete ordered stages
precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance, termination
Criticisms of Transtheoretical Model
can be in several stages at once, too much focus on motivation and intention, not predictive of intervention success, does not consider social aspects of health behavior, severity of illness, or characteristics of individual
Transtheoretical Model Precontemplation
no intention for change
denial, lower self-efficacy and more barriers to change
Transtheoretical Model Contemplation
intention
more likely to seek info and report reduced barriers
Transtheoretical Model Preparation
intention to change in 30 days
corrective plans
Transtheoretical Model Action
less than 6 months in
realistic goal setting
Transtheoretical Model Maintenance
more than 6 months in
enhanced by self-monitoring and reinforcement
Transtheoretical Model Termination
no relapse
Health Belief Model
Readiness to take health action is based on perceived severity of disease, susceptibility of disease, benefits of health action, barriers to performing the action
Criticisms to Health Belief Model
Static model, assumes individuals are rational, limited incorporation of social influences
Theory of Planned Behavior
behavior is determined by intention and intention is influenced by a person’s attitude towards the behavior and their perception of social pressure
Attitude in Theory of Planned Behavior
made up of
outcome expectancies: the consequence of health behavior
outcome evaluation: favorableness of expected outcome
Subjective norm in Theory of Planned Behavior
Normative beliefs: your perception of how other people regard your performance of a behavior
Motivation to comply: your desire to comply with the wishes of others
Criticisms and strengths of Theory of Planned Behavior
relationship between variables is well defined, includes social influences, considers whether the individual feels able to perform the behavior
not all intentions are translated into behavior
Health Action Process Approach (HAPA)
change must planned, initiated, maintained, and relapses managed
HAPA Motivation (intention)
self-efficacy and outcome expectancies are important predictors of goal intention
perceptions of threat severity and personal susceptibility (perceived risk) play a distal role
HAPA Volition (action)
implementation of intentions
initiative self-efficacy
able to take initiative when planned circumstances arise
coping/maintenance self-efficacy
belief in one’s ability to overcome barriers and temptations
recovery self-efficacy
get back on track after a set back
HAPA criticisms
limited research, too rational (no emotions involved), social and environmental influences not considered
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory
health behavior is determined by intention strength, behavioral pre-potency, self-regulatory capacity
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory connectedness beliefs
anticipated connections between ones behavior and salute outcomes
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory Temporal proximity
beliefs are weighted by temporal valuations
health risk = immediate benefits and delayed costs
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory self-regulatory capacity
impulse control
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory Behavioral pre-potency
examines past performance and assess the ability to translate intentions to behavior
Temporal Self-Regulation Theory Criticisms
little research, difficult to measure
