Forensic L2

Question 1

History of sentencing

Answer 1

crime is due to sin
judges expected to be strict and severe
enlightenment led to emphasis on deterrence
20th century led to rehabilitation

Question 2

5 goals of modern sentencing

Answer 2

retribution, incapacitation, deterrence, rehabilitation, restoration

Question 3

Retribution

Answer 3

revenge, satisfaction for victim and society, “eye for an eye” mindset

Question 4

Incapacitation

Answer 4

imprisonment reduces likelihood of reoffending, protect society

Question 5

Deterrence

Answer 5

crime prevention

Question 6

Specific deterrence

Answer 6

operant learning: associate crime with punishment

Question 7

General deterrence

Answer 7

social learning theory: modeling of others

Question 8

Rehabilitation

Answer 8

reduce future crime, reform criminal

ABCs = Activating events lead to Beliefs which lead to Consequences

Question 9

Restoration

Answer 9

attempts to make victim whole again through restitutions paid by the offender

Question 10

Unstructured Clinical Judgment (risk assessment type)

Answer 10

decision of the professional, subjective

Question 11

Statistical Assessment (risk assessment type)

Answer 11

risk factors of offending, removed from individual

Question 12

Structured Professional Judgment (risk assessment type)

Answer 12

predetermined list of risk factors, guidelines to help structure clinical decision making

Question 13

Risk factors definition

Answer 13

measurable feature of an individual that predicts the behavior of interest

Question 14

Static risk factors

Answer 14

don’t change overtime

i.e. age of first offense

Question 15

Dynamic risk factors

Answer 15

fluctuate over time and stable

i.e. mood, intoxication level, coping ability

Question 16

Dispositional risk factors

Answer 16

demographic, personality

i.e. age, gender, impulsivity

Question 17

Historical risk factors

Answer 17

past antisocial behavior, childhood maltreatment

Question 18

Clinical risk factors

Answer 18

substance use, mental disorder

Question 19

Contextual risk factors

Answer 19

lack of social support, easy access to weapons and victims

Question 20

Protective factors

Answer 20

reduce likelihood of violence
i.e. prosocial involvement, strong support system, strong attachment, intelligence, employment, strong family connections