Organizational behaviour - Chapter 6

Question 1

what are the four specific objectives that financial rewards can come in?

Answer 1

Membership and seniority
job status
comptencies
performance

Question 2

calculates bonuses from the work unit’s cost savings and productivity improvement

Answer 2

gainsharing plan

Question 3

organizational rewards that encourage employees to buy company stock, usually at a discounted price

Answer 3

Employee share ownership plans (ESOP)s

Question 4

give employees the right to purchase company shares at a predetermined price up to a fixed expiration date

Answer 4

share options

Question 5

employees receive a percentage of the previous year’s company profits

Answer 5

profit-sharing plan

Question 6

what are some strategies to improve reward effectiveness?

Answer 6

link rewards to performance
ensure rewards are relevant
use team rewards for interdependent jobs
ensure that rewards are valued
watch out for unintended consequences

Question 7

the process of assigning tasks to a job, including the interdependency of those tasks with other jobs

Answer 7

job design

Question 8

occurs when the work required to serve a customer - or provide any other product or service - subdivided into serpate jobs assigned to different people

Answer 8

job specialization

Question 9

the time required to complete the task before starting over with another item or client

Answer 9

cycle time

Question 10

what are the benefits of job specialization?

Answer 10

1. increased work efficiency
2. employees can become proficient more quickly in specialized jobs
3. shorter work cycles give employees more freuqent practice with the task
4. specialization tends to increase work efficiency by allowing employees with specific aptitudes or skills to be matched more precisely to the jobs for which they are best suited

Question 11

consists of a toolkit of activities. some of these interventions - employee selecion, training, goal setting and work incentives.

Answer 11

Scientific management

Question 12

proposes that employees experience job satisfaction when they fulfil growth and esteem needs and they experience dissatisfaction when they have poor working conditions

Answer 12

motivator-hygiene theory

Question 13

identifies five core job dimensions that produce three psychological states

Answer 13

job characteristic model

Question 14

what are the 5 core job characteristics

Answer 14

skill variety
task identity
task significance
autonomy
job feedback

Question 15

refers to the use of different skills and talents to complete a variety of work activities

Answer 15

skill variety

Question 16

the degree to which a job requires completion of a whole or identifiable piece of work

Answer 16

task identity

Question 17

the degree to which the job affects the organization and/or larger society

Answer 17

task significance

Question 18

the extent to which employees need to share materials, information, or expertise with others in order to perform their jobs

Answer 18

task interdependence

Question 19

what are the three main strategies that increase the motivational potential of jobs

Answer 19

job rotation
job enlargement
job enrichment

Question 20

the practice of moving employees from one job to another for the purpose of imnporving the motivational and physiological conditions of the work

Answer 20

job rotation

Question 21

adds tasks to an existing job

Answer 21

job enlargement

Question 22

employees are given more responsibility for scheduling, coordinating, and planning their own work

Answer 22

job enrichment

Question 23

what are the four dimensions of empowerment?

Answer 23

self-determination
meaning
competence
impact

Question 24

what are the five main activities that self-leadership consists of?

Answer 24

personal goal setting
constructive thought patterns
designing natural rewards
self-monitoring
self-reinforcement