Organizational Behaviour - Chapter 2 Flashcards
What makes up the MARS model?
Motivation
Ability
Role perceptions
Situational Factors
the forces within a person that affect his or her direction, intensity, and persistence of voluntary behaviour
Motivation
includes both the natural aptitudes and the learned capabilities required to successfully complete a task.
Ability
Refer to how clearly people understand the job duties (roles) assigned to or expected of them.
Role Perceptions
What are the 5 types of individual behaviour?
Maintaining attendance Task performance Organizational citizenship Counter-productive behaviours Joining/Staying with the organization
Refers to the individual’s voluntary goal-directed behaviours that contribute to organizational objectives
Task performance
What are the three types of task performance?
Proficient task performance
Adaptive task performance
Proactive task performance
Refers to performing the work efficiently and accurately
Proficient task performance
Refers to how well employees modify their thoughts and behavior to align with and support a new or changing environment
Adaptive task performance
refers to how well employees take the initiative to anticipate and introduce new work patterns that benefit the organization
Proactive task performance
Includes various forms of cooperation and helpfulness to others that support the organization’s social and psychological context
Organizational citizenship behaviours (OCB’s)
voluntary behaviors that have the potential to directly or indirectly harm the organization or its stakeholders
Counterproductive work behaviours (CWB’s)
what are some examples of counterproductive work behaviours? (CWB)
- harassing co workers
- creating unnecessary conflict
- deviating from preferred work methods (shortcuts)
- being untruthful
- stealing
- sabotaging work
- wasting resources
Occurs when people attend work even though their capacity to work is significantly diminished by illness, fatigue, personal problems, or other factors.
Presenteeism
What makes up the five-factor model personality dimensions?
- Conscientiousness
- Agreeableness
- Neuroticism
- Openness to experience
- Extraversion
Characterizes people who are organized, dependable, goal-focused, thorough, disciplined, methodical, and industrious
Conscientiousness
Describes people who are trusting, helpful, good-natured, considerate, tolerant, sefleless, generous, and flexible
Agreeableness
Refers to people who tend to be anxious, insecure, self-conscious, depressed, and temperamental
Neuroticism
Generally refers to the extent to which people are imaginative, creative, unconventional, curious, non-conforming, autonomous, and aesthetically perceptive
Openness to experience
describes people who are outgoing, talkative, energetic, sociable, and assertive
Extraversion
What makes up Schwartz’s values circumplex
- Openness to change
- Self-transcendence
- Self-enhancement
- Conservation
What are the three ethical principals?
- Utilitarianism
- Individual rights
- Distributive justice
The greatest good for the greatest number of people
Utilitarianism
Everyone has the same set of natural rights, such as freedom of speech, freedom of movement, right to physical security and right to fair trial
Individual rights
the benefits and burdens of similar individuals should be the same; otherwise, they should be proportional
Distributive justice
The degree to which an issue demands the application of ethical principles
Moral Intensity
What are some examples of when the moral intensity in a situation would be higher?
- The decision will have substantially good or bad consequences.
- Most people view the decision outcomes as good or bad
- There is a high probability(rather than low) that the good or bad decision consequence will occur
- Many people will be affected by the decision and its consequences
Characteristic of the person, namely his or her ability to detect a moral dilemma and estimate its relative importance
Moral Sensitivity
Refers to a person’s receptive and impartial attention to and awareness of the present situation as well as to one’s own thoughts and emotions in that moment
Mindfulness
The extent to which we value independence and personal uniqueness
Individualism
the extent to which we value our duty to groups to which we belong and to group harmony
Collectivism
What are the five cross-cultural values?
Individualism Collectivism Power Distance Uncertainty Avoidance Achievement Orientation
Refers to the extent to which people accept unequal distribution of power in a society
Power Distance
The degree to which people tolerate ambiguity or feel threatened by ambiguity and uncertainty.
Uncertainty avoidance
reflects a competitive versus cooperative view of relations with other people
Achievement-Nurturing Orientation
