Organization/Structure/NTs Flashcards
Nissle Stain
Stains RER to see cell bodies and dendrites on neurons, NOT axons
Reactive gliosis
Scar tissue formed by astrocytes after injury
GFAP
Astrocyte marker, increased in glioblastoma/astrocytoma
HIV-infected microglia
Fuse to form multinucleated giant cells in CNS
Oligodendroglia histo
“Fried egg appearance” (like koilocytes or testicular seminoma)
NE (2 changes in disease, 3 locations of synth)
Increased in anxiety/mania
Decreased in depression
Synthesized in locus ceruleus (pons), also reticular formation and solitary tract
DA (4 changes in disease, 2 locations of synth)
Increased in Schizo/Psychosis, increased in Huntington
Decreased in Parkinson’s and depression
Synth in Ventral tegmentum and substantia nigra pars compacta (midbrain)
Mesocortical DA Pathway (pathway, blockage effect)
Ventral tegmental of midbrain to cortex
Increase negative symptoms of psychosis
Mesolimbic DA Pathway (pathway, blockage effect)
Ventral tegmental of midbrain to limbic system
Relief of positive symptoms, so target with neuroleptics (DA antagonists)
Nigrostriatal DA Pathway (pathway, blockage effect, stimulation effect)
Substantia nigra (pars compacta) to striatum (caudate + putamen)
Blocking gives Parkinsonian symptoms, so neuroleptics for schizo can cause
Stimulation causes extrapyramidal side effect
Tuberoinfundibular Pathway (pathway, blockage)
Arcuate nucleus of hypothalamus to pituitary
Increased PRL release from pituitary
5HT (2 changes in disease, location of synth)
Decreased in anxiety and depression Raphe nuclei (pons, medulla, midbrain)
ACh (3 changes in disease, location of synth)
Increased in Parkinson
Decreased in Alzheimer and Huntington
Basal nucleus of Meynert (degenerated in AD)
GABA (3 changes in disease, location of synth)
Decreased in seizures, anxiety, and Huntington
Nucleus accumbens
3 Structures of BBB
TJs between nonfenestrated capillary endothelial cells
Basement membrane of capillaries
Astrocyte foot processes
