Common Brain Lesions

Question 1

Amygdala (bilateral)

Answer 1

Kluver-Bucy syndrome - disinhibited behavior (hyperphagia/sexuality/orality)

Question 2

Frontal lobe

Answer 2

Disinhibition and deficits in concentration, orientation, judgment, maybe reemergence of primal reflexes/can’t do stepwise tasks

Question 3

Nondominant parietal-temporal cortex

Answer 3

Hemispatial neglect syndrome (agnosia of contralateral side of the world)

Question 4

Dominant parietal-temporal cortex (especially angular gyrus)

Answer 4

Agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia, left-right disorientation - GERSTMANN SYNDROME

Question 5

Basal ganglia

Answer 5

Regulates movement, so maybe tremor at rest, chorea, athetosis
Parkinson - hypokinesis
Huntington - hyperkinesis

Question 6

Cerebellar hemisphere

Answer 6

INTENTION TREMOR. Limb ataxia, loss of balance - ipsilateral deficits, fall TOWARD side of the lesion

Question 7

Cerebellar vermis

Answer 7

Truncal ataxia

Question 8

Subthalamic nucleus

Answer 8

Contralateral hemiballismus (involuntary flailing of arms)

Question 9

Hippocampus (bilateral)

Answer 9

Anterograde amnesia MEMENTO

Question 10

Paramedian pontine reticular formation

Answer 10

Eyes look away from side of lesion

Question 11

Frontal eye fields

Answer 11

Eyes look toward lesion

Question 12

Superior colliculi

Answer 12

Paralysis of upper gaze. Perinaud’s Syndrome