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STEP CNS > Cranial Nerves/Brain Stem > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves/Brain Stem Flashcards

1
Q

CN I Fiber types, exit

A

Sensory, cribriform plate

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2
Q

CN II Fiber types, exit

A

Sensory, optic canal

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3
Q

CN III (fiber types, 4 functions, exit, 2 nuclei)

A

Motor
Eye movement (SR, IR, MR, IO), pupillary constriction (sphincter pupillae), accomodation, eyelid opening (levator palpebrae)
Superior orbital fissure
Main is in midbrain, also Edinger-Westphal/muscarinic receptors for pupillary constriction

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4
Q

CN IV Fibers, Exit, Nucleus

A

Motor
Superior orbital fissure
Midbrain

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5
Q

CN V Fibers, 3 Functions, Nucleus, 3 exits

A 
Both
Mastication (V3 mandibular), Facial sensation, somatosensation from anterior 2/3 of tongue
Pons
V1: Superior Orbital Fissure
V2: Foramen Rotundum
V3: Foramen Ovale
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6
Q

CN VI (fibers, nucleus, exit)

A

Motor
Pons
Superior orbital fissure

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7
Q

CN VII (Fibers, 6 Functions/Important Course, Nucleus, Exit)

A

Both
Facial movement/expression, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue, lacrimation, salivation (submandibular and sublingual glands), eyelid closing (orbicularis oculi), stapedius muscle (passes THROUGH parotid but DOES NOT innervate it)
Pons
Internal auditory meatus

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8
Q

CN VII 5 Branches

A 
Temporal
Zygomatic
Buccal
Marginal mandibular
Cervical
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9
Q

CN VIII Fiber types, 2 functions, nucleus, exit

A

Sensory
Hearing and balance
Pons
Internal auditory meatus

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10
Q

CN IX (Fiber Types, 4 Functions, Nucleus, Exit)

A

Both
Taste and somatosensation from posterior 1/3 of tongue, swallowing, salivation (parotid gland), monitoring carotid body and sinus chemo/baroreceptors, and stylopharyngeus (elevates pharynx/larynx)
Medulla
Jugular foramen

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11
Q

CN X (Fibers, 8 functions, Nucleus, exit)

A

Both
Taste from epiglottic region, swallowing, soft palate elevation, midline uvula, talking, coughing, thoracoabdominal viscera, monitoring aortic arch chemo/baroRs
Medulla
Jugular Foramen

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12
Q

CN XI Fibers, Nucleus, Exit

A

Motor
Spinal cord (come in through foramen magnum)
Jugular foramen

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13
Q

CN XII Fibers, Nucleus, Exit

A

Motor
Medulla
Hypoglossal canal

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14
Q

Nucleus Solitarius (what it does, 3 CNs)

A

Visceral Sensory information (taste, baroRs, gut distention)

VII, IX, X

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15
Q

Nucleus aMbiguous (what it does, 3 CNs)

A

Motor innervation of pharynx, larynx, upper esophagus (swallowing, palate elevation)
IX, X, XI (cranial portion)

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16
Q

Dorsal motor nucleus (what it does, CN)

A 
Sends autonomic (parasympathetic) fibers to heart/lungs/upper GI
X
17
Q

Corneal Reflex

A

Touch cornea with cotton, should blink
Afferent: V1 ophthalmic (nasociliary branch)
Efferent: VII (temporal branch: orbicularis oculi)

18
Q

Lacrimation Reflex

A

Afferent: V1 (loss of reflex does not preclude emotional tears)
Efferent: VII

19
Q

Jaw Jerk Reflex

A

Tap chin. Normally shouldn’t respond, if they do, UMN lesion
Afferent: V3 (sensory - muscle spindle from masseter)
Efferent: V3 (motor - masseter)

20
Q

Pupillary Reflex

A

Afferent: II
Efferent: III

21
Q

Gag Reflex

A

Afferent: IX
Efferent: X

22
Q

CN V Motor Lesion

A

Jaw deviates TOWARD side of lesion due to unopposed force from opposite pterygoid muscle

23
Q

CN X Lesion

A

Uvula deviates AWAY from side of lesion. Weak side collapses and uvula points away

24
Q

CN XI Lesion

A

Weakness turning head to contralateral side of lesion (SCM). Shoulder droop on each side of lesion (Trapezius)

25
Q

CN XII Lesion

A

Tongue deviates TOWARD side of lesion due to weakened tongue muscles on affected side

26
Q

5 Structures of RAS

A 
Reticular Formation
Mesencephalic nucleus
Thalamic intralaminar nucleus
Dorsal hypothalamus
Tegmentum
27
Q

Superior Colliculi

A

Conjugate vertical gaze center

28
Q

Inferior colliculi

A

Information to primary auditory center

29
Q

3 Jaw Closing Muscles

A

Masseter, temporalis, medial pterygoid

30
Q

1 Jaw Opening Muscle

A

Lateral pterygoid

31
Q

9 Structures of Cavernous Sinus (& which most susceptible to injury)

A

CN III, IV, V1, V2, and VI
ICA, pituitary, optic chiasm, sphenoid sinus (mycosis can spread)
VI most suceptible to injury. Motor damage from the ocular ones and hypo/hyperesthesias from V1/V2 damage

32
Q

Superior Oblique Action/Damage

A

Causes eye to look down and laterally. So damage, look medially and superiorly

33
Q

Inferior Oblique Action/Damage

A

Causes eye to look up/laterally. So damage look down and medially

STEP CNS (20 decks)

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