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2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LEC) > organization of the body > Flashcards

organization of the body Flashcards

1
Q

define anatomy

A

structure of the body

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2
Q

define physiology

A

body function and how body parts work

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3
Q

define pathophysiology

A

study of the process that disturb normal function
and disease functioning

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4
Q

what are the 6 level of organization of the body

A

chemical level
cell
tissue
organ
organ system
organism

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5
Q

name the characteristics of life:
specific interrelationship among parts of an organism and how those part interact to perform specific function

A

organization

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6
Q

name the characteristics of life:
all chemical reaction takes place in an organism/ cells

A

metabolism

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7
Q

name the characteristics of life:
ability of the organism to sense changes in its external or internal environment and adjust to the changes

A

responsiveness

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8
Q

name the characteristics of life:
increase in size or the number of cells
it produces enlargement of all part of an organism

A

growth

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9
Q

name the characteristics of life:
undergoes through time
beginning with fertilization and ends at death

A

development

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10
Q

name the characteristics of life:
formation of new cells/ new organism

A

reproduction

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11
Q

integumentary system consists of

A

skin
nails
hair
sweat glands

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12
Q

what is the largest and heaviest organ in the body

A

skin

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13
Q

in integumentary system, what is the function of the hair

A

to keep the body warm

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14
Q

what is the purpose of eyelashes

A

protects eyes from dirt and water

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15
Q

what are the 3 layers of the skin

A

epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

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16
Q

what is the function of hypodermis

A

it insulates your body and
protect it from harm

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17
Q

what is the function of the skin

A

provides protection
regulates body temp
prevent water loss
helps produce vitamin D

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18
Q

which system helps in producing vitamin D

A

integumentary system

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19
Q

skeletal system consists of

A

bones
cartilage
ligaments
joints

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20
Q

what are the functions of skeletal system

A

provides protection and support
allow body movement
produce blood cells
stores minerals and fats

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21
Q

which skeletal absorbs shock

A

cartilage

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22
Q

what bone produces blood cells

A

bone marrow

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23
Q

muscular system consists of

A

cardiac
skeletal
smooth

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24
Q

what are the functions of muscular system

A

produce body movements
maintains posture
produce body heat

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25
lymphatic system consists of
lymph nodes lymph spleen lymphatic vessels thymus
26
which part in the lymphatic system that kills bacteria that enters from mouth or nose
tonsils
27
Where does T-cell production take place in the lymphatic system
thymus
28
what are the functions of the lymphatic system
removes foreign substances from blood and lymph combats disease maintains tissue fluid balance absorbs fats from the digestive tract
29
respiratory consists of
nose pharynx larynx bronchi trachea lung
30
larynx is the...
voice box
31
pharynx is also known as the
throat
32
the pharynx serves as...
air passage
33
the trachea is also known as the
windpipe
34
what is responsible for directing air from left to right lungs
bronchi
35
functions of respiratory system
exchange carbon dioxide and water regulates body temperature
36
urinary system consists of
kidney ureters urinary bladder urethra
37
function of urinary system
removes waste products regulates blood ph, ion and water balance
38
what are the system that regulates blood ph
urinary system respiratory system
39
what are the 2 major regulatory system
nervous system endocrine system
40
nervous system consists of
brain nerves spinal chord sense organs
41
functions of nervous system
detects sensation controls movement, physiological process and intellectual functions
42
which nerve collects nerve at the end of the spinal chord
cauda equina
43
what organ composes of nerve cells that can carry messages between your body and brain
spinal chord
44
endocrine system consists of
pituitary glands pancreas parathyroid adrenals thyroid ovaries and testes
45
functions of endocrine system
influences metabolism, growth and reproduction
46
in endocrine system, what is responsible for the secretion of mineralocorticoid, glucocorticord and sex hormones
ardenals
47
name the mineralocorticoid that is responsible for water regulation
aldosterone
48
name the glucocorticord i responsible for the increase in glucose in the body
cortisol
49
what is the function of parathyroids in the endocrine system
releases parathyroid hormone (PTH)
50
circulatory and cardiovascular system consists of
heart veins arteries capillaries
51
function of circulatory and cardiovascular system
transport nutrients, waste products, gases and hormones
52
digestive system consist of
stomach esophagus mouth pancreas liver small and large intestine
53
functions of digestive system
digestion (chemical and mechanical) absorption of nutrients elimination of wastes
54
what is the chemical digestion in the digestive system
enzymes: break down of food
55
what is the mechanical in the digestive system that takes place in the mouth and stomach
chewing of food in the mouth churning in the stomach
56
male reproductive system consit of
penis prostate testes vas deferens seminal vesicler
57
functions of male reproductive system
produces and transports sperm cells produce hormones that affects behaviours and sexual functions
58
female reproductive system consist of
ovaries vagina fallopian tube uterus breasts
59
function of female reproductive system
produces oocytes site of fertilization and fatal development produces milks produce hormones that affects behaviours and sexual functions
60
what is homeostastis
existence and maintenance of relatively constant environment within the body
61
what are the types of homeostastis
positive and negative feedback mechanism
62
what are the 3 components of the negative feedback mechanism
receptor control center effector
63
which component gives control to the control receptor in homeostastis
receptor
64
which component in homeostastis that promotes or trigger release of effector
control center
65
which component in homeostastis that directly promote significant increase or decrease factor
effector
66
what refers to a person standing erect with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, palms of hands facing forward
anatomical position
67
lying facing upward
supine
68
lying facing downward
prone
69
what is described as the position of one body part relative to another
directional terms
70
towards the midline
medial
71
farthest from point of origin
distal
72
away form the body's midline
lateral
73
closest from the point of origin
proximal
74
toward the front of the body
anterior
75
above
superior
76
toward the back of the body
posterior
77
inferior
below
78
what is it called when it divides body or organs into sections
body planes
79
divides body lengthwise into right and left sides
sagittal plan
80
sagittal plane passes through midline
midsagittal plane (median plane)
81
sagittal plane cannot pass through midline
parasagittal plane
82
runs vertically from right to left and divides body into anterior and posterior parts
frontal plane (coronal plane)
83
divides body horizontally into upper (superior) and lower (inferior)
transverse plane
84
divides body at an angle between transverse and sagittal plane or transverse and frontal plane
oblique plane
85
where do longitudinal section cut through
long axis of the organ
86
where do transverse (cross) section cut through
right angle to the long axis
87
where do oblique section cut through
across the long axis at other than right angle
88
what are the 3 central region of the body
head neck trunk
89
what are the 3 parts of trunk
thorax abdmen pelvic
90
what are the 4 parts of the upper limb
arm (shoulder to elbow) forearm (elbow to wrist) wrist hand
91
what are the 4 parts of the lower limb
thigh (pelvic to knee) legs (knee to ankle) ankle foot
92
what are spaces within the body that contains, protect, separate and support internal organs
body cavities
93
name the cavity: formed by cell
cranial cavity
94
name the cavity: formed by vertebre
spinal cavity
95
name the cavity: located at the back of the body
dorsal cavity
96
name the cavity: located at the front of the body
ventral cavity
97
name the cavity: it is a subdivision of abdominal and pelvic cavity
abdominopelvic cavity
98
name the cavity: surrounded by ribs and chest muscle divided by mediastinusm
thoracic cavity
99
what membrane covers the organ with the cavities
serous membrane
100
what are the 3 serous membrane
visceral SM parietal SM serious fluid
101
which serous membrane covers the organ
visceral organ
102
which serous membrane is the outer part of the ballon
parietal SM
103
which serous membrane reduces friction
serious fluid
104
which serous membrane fills cavity or space between VSM and PSM
serious fluid
105
which cavity contains 3 sereous membrane - lines cavities
pericardial cavity pleural cavity peritoneal cavity
106
which cavity is surrounded by the lung
pleural cavity
107
which cavity is surrounded by the heart
pericardial cavity
108
which cavity contained the adominopelvic cavity
peritoneal cavity
109
VSM in pleural C covers the...
lungs
110
VSM in pericardial C covers the...
heart
111
VSM in peritoneal C covers the...
many organs of the organs of the adominopelvic
112
what is the SF in the pleural C
pleural fluid
113
what is the SF in the pericardial C
pericardial fluid
114
what is the SF in the peritoneal C
peritoneal fluid
115
what is the VSM in pleura cavity
covers the lung
116
what is the VSM in peritoneal cavity
covers many organ of the organs of the abdominopelvic cavity
117
what is the VSM in pericardial cavity
covers the heart
118
what is the PSM in pericardial cavity
lines CT sac that contains the heart
119
what is the PSM in peritoneal cavity
lines the wall of the abdominopelvic cavity and the inferior surface of the diaphragm
120
what is the PSM in pleura cavity
lines the inner surface of the parietal pericardium and superior surface of diaphragm

2023 SEM 1 ANAPHY (LEC) (15 decks)

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