Cell Anatomy Flashcards
it is the basic unit of living organism
cells
the smallest unit of life
cells
cells function
receiving information
manufacture
packaging
shipping
DNA
deoxyribonucleic acid
it is the “command center”
nucleus
nucleus contains
blueprint in the form of DNA
function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum
produce and process fats and hormones
what helps separate the DNA during cell division
Centrosomes
vesicles transport materials from ______to _____ and vice versa
cell membrane to interior
it is the “cell clean up crew”
lysosomes
function of lysosomes
get rid of unwanted molecules
it is filled with microtubules
cytoplasm
it is the major component of the cytoskeleton
microtubules
it is where chemical energy is generated
mitochondria
it makes proteins
ribosomes
what are the 2 basic type of cells
prokaryotes
eukaryotes
identify the basic type of cells:
unicellular
prokaryotes
identify the basic type of cells:
multicellular
eukaryotes
examples of prokaryotes
blue green algae
bacteria
prokaryotes has the absence of _____ and ______
Nuclear membrane (aka nuclear envelope)
nucleus
eukaryotes’ cell membrane is made up of 2 layers of ______
phosophlipid (bilayer)
true or false
eukaryotes has many proteins
true
what are the functions of eukaryotes (SSEEC)
Selective permeability
Storage, transport and secretion
Endocytosis
Exocytosis
Compartmentalisation
types of endocytosis of eukaryotes
phagocytosis
pinocytosis
receptor mediated endocytosis
it engulfs extracellular substances
endocytosis
it removes substances from the cell
exocytosis
what are the 3 components of the eukaryotes
nucleus
cell membrane
cytoplasm
it is like a gel like substance in the eukaryotes
cytoplasm
eukaryotes consists of _______ water and usually _____
70%-90%
colourless
nucleus in the eukaryotes contain
nucleolus
it is a coiled DNA that bound to basic proteins
chromatin
it is an inactivated X-chromosomes in the nucleic of female cells
barrbody
what are the 2 types of chromatin
euchromatin
heterochromatin
which chromatin is
dispersed -
condensed -
dispersed - euchromatin
condensed - heterochromatin
euchromatin is
packed -
stain -
packed - loosely
stain - light
heterochromatin is
packed -
stain -
packed - tightly
stain - dark
where can nucleolus be found
nucleus
nucleolus is the site for ….
ribosomal RNA synthesis
nucleolus is composed of ______, _____ and _____
granules, fibrils, chromatin
it provides structural support for chromatin
nucleoplasm
it regulates what enters and leaves the nucleus
nuclear pores
true or false
nuclear envelope is a single membrane
false - double membrane
what are the 2 types of nuclear envelope
outer membrane
inner membrane
what are the 3 groups of structure
Organelle
Cytoplasmic inclusion
cytoskeleton
what are the 2 types of organelles
membrane bound
non membrane bound
examples of membrane bound and non membrane bound organelle
membrane bound- nucleus, SER, RER, mitochondria, Golgi A, chloroplast, lysosomes, secretory vesicles, vacuole
non membrane bound- ribosomes, microfilaments, microtubules
it is a non-living substances that are not able to carry out any metabolic activity and are not bound by membranes
Cytoplasmic inclusion
true or false
cytoplasmic inclusion serve mainly as storage compartments. they store the end products of the biochemical reactions that occur in cell organelles and are described as cellular fuels
True
cytoskeleton provides ______ for maintenance of cell shape
Structural stability
types of endoplasmic reticulum
Smooth ER
Rough ER
it is the continuous of RER
smooth ER
SER synthesis -
RER synthesis -
SER synthesis - lipids
RER synthesis - proteins
which endoplasmic reticulum where ribosomes are attached
Rough ER
true or false
proteins are modified as they move through the SER
False - as they move through RER
what is the function of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the
muscle cells -
liver cells -
muscle cells - control of muscle contractions
liver cells - detoxify meds and alcohol
