Nervous System Flashcards by claire perez

What are the functions of nervous system
(R MICE)

Receive sensory output
Maintaining homeostasis
Integrating info
Controlling muscles and glands
Establishing and maintaining mental activity.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What are the 2 diversions of the nervous system

Central
Peripheral

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Central division consists of

Brain
Spinal chord

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Peripheral division of the nervous system consist of

Nerves
Ganglia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

What a are the 2 division of peripheral nervous system

Sensory division
Motor division

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the division of peripheral nervous system:
From sensory receptors to CNS

Sensory division

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the division of peripheral nervous system:
From CNS to effector organ

Motor division

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Enumerate the cells of the nervous system

Dendrites
Axon
Neurons
Glial cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
receive stimuli, conduct action potentials, and transmit signals to other neurons or effector organs

Neurons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
carry out different activities that enhance neuron function and maintain normal conditions within nervous tissue

Glial cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
• short,branching cytoplasmic extensions
• receive information from other neurons

Dendrites

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
single long cell process extending from the neuron cell body

Axons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
Receives information

Dendrites

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
Receives stimuli

Neurons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cells of the nervous system:
Conduct action potential

Neurons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the CNS:
major supporting cells in the CNS

Astrocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the CNS:
Line the fluid-filled cavities

Ependymal cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the CNS:
Act as immune cells of the CNS

Microglia

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the CNS:
Provide an insulating material that surrounds axons

Oligodendrocytes

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the PNS:
Provide insulating material around axons

Schwann cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the type of glial cells in the PNS :
Provide support and nutrition to the neurons

Satellite cells

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the specialized layers that wrap around the axons of some neurons

Myelin sheaths

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

It is the gaps in the myelin sheath

Nodes of ranvier

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cell type of the neurons:
It has many dendrites and one axon

Multipolar neurons

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Identify the cell type of the neurons: It has one dendrite and one axon

Bipolar neutrons

Identify the cell type of the neurons: It appears to have a single axon

Pseudo-unipolar neutrons

It lacks the myelin sheaths

Unmyelinated axons

It is a junction where the axon of one neuron interacts with another neuron or with cells of an effector organ

Synapse

What are the 2 groups of the nerves of the PNS

12 pairs of cranial nerves 31 pairs of spinal nerves

It extends the foremen magnum at the base of the skull to the second lumbar vertebra

Spinal cord

It is an involuntary reaction in despondent to a stimuli

Reflexes

What are the 2 type of reflexes

Reflex arc Knee-jerk reflex

The spinal chord extends from the _____ at the base of the skull to the ____

Foremen magnum Second lumbar vertebra

Identify the type of reflex: It occurs when muscles contract in response to a stretching force applied to them

Knee-jerk reflex

Identify the type of reflex: It is the basic functional unit of the nervous system because it is the smallest, simplest pathway capable of receiving a stimulus and yielding a response

Relaxes arc

It connects the spinal chord to the remainder of the brain

Brainstem

The brainstem controls the ….

Heart rate, blood pressure, breathing

The most inferior portion of the brainstem

Medulla oblongata

It is superior to the medulla oblongata

Pons

It lies superior to the pons

Midbrain

It is the smallest region of the brainstem

Midbrain

It contains ascending tract and descending nerve tract, as well as, several nuclei

Pons

It regulates the heart rate and blood vessel diameter, breathing, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, sneezing, balance, and coordination

Medulla oblongata

It is involved in coordinating the eye movements and controlling pupil diameter and lens shape

Midbrain

It is attached to the brainstem

Cerebellum

Cerebellum is attached to the brainstem by several large connections called…

Cerebellum peduncles

It is the largest part of the brain

Cerebrum

Cerebrum is divided into ….

Left and right hemisphere

It is the part of the brain between the brainstem and the cerebrum

Diencephalon

Diencephalon consists of ….

Thalamus Epithalamus Hypothalamus

It is the the largest part of the diencephalon

Thalamus

It is a small area superior and posterior to the thalamus

Epithalamus

It is the most inferior part of the diencephalon

Hypothalamus

It consists of a cluster of nuclei - It consists of a few small nuclei - It consists of several small nuclei -

Thalamus Epithalamus Hypothalamus

It controls the body temp, hunger and thirst

Hypothalamus

It influences mood and registers an unlocalized, uncomfortable perception of pain

Thalamus

Name all the lobes

Frontal lobe Parietal lobe Temporal lobe Occipital lobe

Identify the lobes: It is important in the control of voluntary motor functions, motivation, aggression, mood, and olfactory reception

Frontal lobe

Identify the lobes: sensory information (touch, pain, temperature, and balance)

Parietal lobe

Identify the lobes: receiving and perceiving visual input

Occipital lobe

Identify the lobes: olfactory (smell) and auditory (hearing) sensations and plays an important role in memory

Temporal lobe

It is involved in the emotional and visceral response to odors and the pineal gland

Epithalamus

It is a connective tissue membranes that surround and protect the brain and spinal cord

Meninges

Name the meninges from the most superficial to deep

Dura mater Arachnoid mater Pia mater

What is the thickest meninges

Dura mater

It provides a protective cushion around the CNS

Cerebrospinal fluid

Choroid plexuses produces…

Cerebrospinal fluid

Cerebrospinal fluid is produced by

Choroid plexuses

It is the accumulation of Cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles

Hydrocephalus

CSF

Cerebrospinal fluid

It has a set set of 12 paired nerves in the back of the brain

Cranial nerves

Cranial nerves sends…

Electrical signals

Its functions are largely controlled unconsciously

Autonomic nervous system

What are the 2 division that autonomic nervous system is composed of

Sympathetic division Parasympathetic division