Organisation- Plant Tissue & Organs Flashcards
Plant tissues in a leaf include: e_________ t______, p_______ mesophyll, s_____ mesophyll, x____ and p_____ and stomata surrounded by g____ cells.
Plant tissues in a leaf include: epidermal tissues, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, xylem and phloem and stomata surrounded by guard cells.
Roots are organs that are _______ (root hair cells to increase surface area) for uptake of water by ________ and mineral ions by ______ _________.
Roots are organs that are adapted (root hair cells to increase surface area) for uptake of water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport.
_______ and _____ cells in the leaf control gas exchange and water loss.
Stomata and guard cells in the leaf control gas exchange and water loss.
______ transports dissolved sugars up and down the plant.
Phloem transports dissolved sugars up and down the plant.
Movement of food molecules through phloem tissue is called _____________.
Movement of food molecules through phloem tissue is called translocation.
______ transports water and mineral ions from roots to leaves.
Xylem transports water and mineral ions from roots to leaves.
_____________ is the loss of water at the leaves by evaporation.
Transpiration is the loss of water at the leaves by evaporation.
what is the job of the epidermis
to protect the surface of the leaf
what adaptation does the upper epidermis have
its transparent which allows light to pass through
what is the function of the waxy cuticle
reduces the evaporation of water form the surface of the leaf
how are the palisade cells adapted
they are packed with chloroplasts
how is the lower epidermis adapted
by having tiny pores called stomata which allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and oxygen to leave the leaf
how is the spongy mesophyll adapted
full of air spaces which allow carbon dioxide to diffuse from the stomata through to the palisade cells
how are meristem tissues adapted
they have stem cells which can differentiate into different types of plant tissue
where does transpiration start
the evaporation of water from cells inside the leaf
state the staged of the transpiration stream
- water evaporates inside the cell
- the water vapor diffuses through the spaces in the spongy mesophyll and out of the leaf in through the stomata
- water then passes from the xylem into the leaf to replace the water that has been lost
- water is drawn into the root hair cells and up the xylem vessels to the leaf
what are the factors which effect the rate of transpiration
- the rate is greater in higher temperatures, drier conditions, windy conditions, when the light intensity increases
how many guard cells surround stomata
2
what happens to the guard cells when the light intensity is high e.g in the day
the guard cells swell and change their shape causing the stomata to open and take in carbon dioxide
what happens to the stomata in hot conditions
the plant closes the stomata to reduce water loss by transpiration meaning the plant cannot photosynthesize
