Organisation- Plant Tissue & Organs

Question 1

Plant tissues in a leaf include: e_________ t______, p_______ mesophyll, s_____ mesophyll, x____ and p_____ and stomata surrounded by g____ cells.

Answer 1

Plant tissues in a leaf include: epidermal tissues, palisade mesophyll, spongy mesophyll, xylem and phloem and stomata surrounded by guard cells.

Question 2

Roots are organs that are _______ (root hair cells to increase surface area) for uptake of water by ________ and mineral ions by ______ _________.

Answer 2

Roots are organs that are adapted (root hair cells to increase surface area) for uptake of water by osmosis and mineral ions by active transport.

Question 3

_______ and _____ cells in the leaf control gas exchange and water loss.

Answer 3

Stomata and guard cells in the leaf control gas exchange and water loss.

Question 4

______ transports dissolved sugars up and down the plant.

Answer 4

Phloem transports dissolved sugars up and down the plant.

Question 5

Movement of food molecules through phloem tissue is called _____________.

Answer 5

Movement of food molecules through phloem tissue is called translocation.

Question 6

______ transports water and mineral ions from roots to leaves.

Answer 6

Xylem transports water and mineral ions from roots to leaves.

Question 7

_____________ is the loss of water at the leaves by evaporation.

Answer 7

Transpiration is the loss of water at the leaves by evaporation.

Question 8

what is the job of the epidermis

Answer 8

to protect the surface of the leaf

Question 9

what adaptation does the upper epidermis have

Answer 9

its transparent which allows light to pass through

Question 10

what is the function of the waxy cuticle

Answer 10

reduces the evaporation of water form the surface of the leaf

Question 11

how are the palisade cells adapted

Answer 11

they are packed with chloroplasts

Question 11

how is the lower epidermis adapted

Answer 11

by having tiny pores called stomata which allow carbon dioxide to enter the leaf and oxygen to leave the leaf

Question 12

how is the spongy mesophyll adapted

Answer 12

full of air spaces which allow carbon dioxide to diffuse from the stomata through to the palisade cells

Question 13

how are meristem tissues adapted

Answer 13

they have stem cells which can differentiate into different types of plant tissue

Question 14

where does transpiration start

Answer 14

the evaporation of water from cells inside the leaf

Question 15

state the staged of the transpiration stream

Answer 15

1. water evaporates inside the cell
2. the water vapor diffuses through the spaces in the spongy mesophyll and out of the leaf in through the stomata
3. water then passes from the xylem into the leaf to replace the water that has been lost
4. water is drawn into the root hair cells and up the xylem vessels to the leaf

Question 16

what are the factors which effect the rate of transpiration

Answer 16

• the rate is greater in higher temperatures, drier conditions, windy conditions, when the light intensity increases

Question 17

how many guard cells surround stomata

Answer 17

2

Question 18

what happens to the guard cells when the light intensity is high e.g in the day

Answer 18

the guard cells swell and change their shape causing the stomata to open and take in carbon dioxide

Question 19

what happens to the stomata in hot conditions

Answer 19

the plant closes the stomata to reduce water loss by transpiration meaning the plant cannot photosynthesize