Organisation in animals Flashcards
Function of pancreas
Makes enzymes Amylase, lipase, protease
Function of liver
Makes bile
Function of gall bladder
Stores bile
What does bile do
Neutralises hydrochloric acid in stomach and emulsifies fat so they have a larger SA easier for enzymes to bind to
Function of small intestine
Where digested food is absorbed into the blood
Function of large intestine
Where water and minerals are absorbed into the blood
Function of salivary glands
Makes saliva containing amylase enzymes
Function of oesophagus
Carries food to stomach
Function of stomach
Churns food
Releases protease
Releases hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens
Function of rectum
Stores faeces
Function of anus
Expels faeces
Name the 3 blood vessel types
Artery
Wall
Capillary
Function of artery
Carries blood away from heart
Structure of artery
muscular elasticated walls to withstand high pressure
Thick walls
Small lumen
Function of vein
Carries blood to the heart
Structure of vein
Valves to prevent back flow of blood
Thin walls due to low pressure
Large lumen
Function of capillary
Carries blood to tissues and cells
Connects arteries and veins
Structure of capillary
One cell thick for short diffusion distance
Very narrow lumen
What is the heart made from
Cardiac muscle tissue
What artery supplies the heart with oxygen
Coronary artery
Describe journey of deoxygenated blood starting at the vena cava and ending with the body (10)
Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, body
Why is the circulatory system referred to as the double circulatory system
Blood passes through the heart twice every circuit around the body
What is the heart rate controlled by
Group of cells in right atrium that generates electrical impulses
What does artificial pacemakers control
Irregular heartbeat
