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biology > Organisation in animals > Flashcards

Organisation in animals Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards
1
Q

Function of pancreas

A

Makes enzymes Amylase, lipase, protease

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2
Q

Function of liver

A

Makes bile

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3
Q

Function of gall bladder

A

Stores bile

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4
Q

What does bile do

A

Neutralises hydrochloric acid in stomach and emulsifies fat so they have a larger SA easier for enzymes to bind to

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5
Q

Function of small intestine

A

Where digested food is absorbed into the blood

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6
Q

Function of large intestine

A

Where water and minerals are absorbed into the blood

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7
Q

Function of salivary glands

A

Makes saliva containing amylase enzymes

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8
Q

Function of oesophagus

A

Carries food to stomach

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9
Q

Function of stomach

A

Churns food
Releases protease
Releases hydrochloric acid to kill pathogens

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10
Q

Function of rectum

A

Stores faeces

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11
Q

Function of anus

A

Expels faeces

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12
Q

Name the 3 blood vessel types

A

Artery
Wall
Capillary

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13
Q

Function of artery

A

Carries blood away from heart

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14
Q

Structure of artery

A

muscular elasticated walls to withstand high pressure
Thick walls
Small lumen

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15
Q

Function of vein

A

Carries blood to the heart

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16
Q

Structure of vein

A

Valves to prevent back flow of blood
Thin walls due to low pressure
Large lumen

17
Q

Function of capillary

A

Carries blood to tissues and cells
Connects arteries and veins

18
Q

Structure of capillary

A

One cell thick for short diffusion distance
Very narrow lumen

19
Q

What is the heart made from

A

Cardiac muscle tissue

20
Q

What artery supplies the heart with oxygen

A

Coronary artery

21
Q

Describe journey of deoxygenated blood starting at the vena cava and ending with the body (10)

A

Vena cava, right atrium, right ventricle, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, left ventricle, aorta, body

22
Q

Why is the circulatory system referred to as the double circulatory system

A

Blood passes through the heart twice every circuit around the body

23
Q

What is the heart rate controlled by

A

Group of cells in right atrium that generates electrical impulses

24
Q

What does artificial pacemakers control

A

Irregular heartbeat

25
Q

Function of red blood cells

A

Bind to oxygen to transport round body

26
Q

Function of plasma

A

Transport substances and blood cells around the body

27
Q

Function of platelets

A

Form blood clots to create barriers to infection

28
Q

Function of white blood cells

A

Part of immune system used to defend body against pathogens

29
Q

What are the 4 components of the blood

A

Plasma
Platelets
Red blood cells
White blood cells

biology (19 decks)

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