Non communicable diseases Flashcards
When does coronary heart disease occur
Coronary arteries become narrowed by build up of fatty materials which reduces oxygenated blood flow to the heart
What factors can affect health
Diseases
Diet
Stress
Exercise
Life situations
How does a stent work
Inserted into blocked arteries to keep blood moving
Advantages and disadvantages of a stent
+ widens artery so more blood flow
Less serious surgery
- risk of infection, blood clots, damage or blood vessels
How does a statin work
Drugs that reduce blood cholesterol levels slowing down deposit of fatty material in arteries
Advantages and disadvantages of statins
+ effective
No surgery
Can prevent CHD
- side effects like sickness
Cannot cure CHD
Tablets have to be taken for a long time
Why may you have to replace a faulty heart valve
May be leaking or not opening fully preventing controlled blood flow
What will a faulty heart valve be replaced by
A biological or mechanical valve
Advantages and disadvantages of replacing faulty heart valves
+ allows controlled blood flow
Long term cure
- major surgery
If biological body could reject
Why would a heart transplant be needed and where would they get it from
If the heart fails
From a donor
why may an artificial heart be needed
To keep at patient alive until they receive the transplant
Advantages and disadvantages of a heart transplant
+ long term cure
- transplant could be rejected if there is not a match
Long time waiting for donor
Major surgery
Risk of infection
What can obesity and a lack of exercise cause (2)
Type 2 diabetes
Cardiovascular diseases
Explain type 2 diabetes
Body does not respond to production of insulin so blood glucose levels cannot be controlled
What can alcohol lead to
Liver disease
Brain damage
