Adaption

Question 1

Define population

Answer 1

The total number of organisms of the same species that live in one specific geographical area

Question 2

Define community

Answer 2

Group of two or more populations of different species living in one specific geographical area

Question 3

Define ecosystem

Answer 3

The interaction of a community of living organisms with the non loving parts of their environment

Question 4

What is competition

Answer 4

Contests between organisms within a community for resources

Question 5

What is interspecific competition

Answer 5

Competition between organisms of different species

Question 6

What is intraspecific competition

Answer 6

Competition between organisms of the same species

Question 7

What do animals often compete for

Answer 7

Food
Mates
Territory

Question 8

What do plants often compete for

Answer 8

Light
Space
Water and mineral ions from the soil

Question 9

What is interdependence

Answer 9

When species in a community depend on others for resources and shelter

Question 10

Describe a stable community

Answer 10

All species and environment factors are in balance so population sizes remain fairly constant

Question 11

What are abiotic factors

Answer 11

Non living factors in the ecosystem that can affect a community

Question 12

List some examples of abiotic factors

Answer 12

Carbon dioxide levels for plants
Light intensity
Moisture levels
Oxygen levels for animals living in water
Soil pH
Temperature
Wind intensity

Question 13

What are biotic factors

Answer 13

Living factors in the ecosystem that can affect a community

Question 14

List some examples of biotic factors

Answer 14

Decreased availability of food
New predators arriving
New pathogens
Competition between species

Question 15

How do adaptions help an organism

Answer 15

They enable the organism to survive in the conditions in which it lives

Question 16

What are the three types of adaptions

Answer 16

Structural
Behavioural
Functional

Question 17

Examples of structural adaptions

Answer 17

Sharp teeth to hunt prey

Colouring that may provide camouflage to hide or hunt

A large or small body-surface-area-to-volume ratio

Question 18

Examples of behavioural adaptations

Answer 18

Making nests to attract a mate

Courtship dances or attract a mate

Use of tools to obtain food

Woking together in packs

Question 19

Examples of functional adaptions

Answer 19

Photosynthesis in plants

Production of poisons or venom to kill prey or deter predators

Changes in reproduction timings

Question 20

What adaptions does a polar bear have

Answer 20

White fur for camouflage when hurting

Feet with large SA to distribute weight on snow

Small ears to reduce heat loss

Thick fur for insulation

Question 21

What adaptations do camels have

Answer 21

Feet with large SA to distribute weight on sand

Hump stores fat to provide energy when there is a lack of food

Tough mouth and tongue to eat cacti

Long eyelashes to keep sand out of eyes

Question 22

What are adaption of cacti

Answer 22

Spines instead of leaves to reduce SA leading to water loss and deter predators

Long roots to reach water underground

Large fleshy stem to store water

Question 23

What is an extremophile

Answer 23

An organism that lives in a very extreme environment

Question 24

What makes an environment extreme

Answer 24

Very high or low temps

Extreme pressures

High salt concentration

Highly acidic or alkaline conditions

Low levels of oxygen or water

Question 25

What are the bacteria in the deep sea vents classified as?

Answer 25

Extremophiles