Organic Chemistry Basics Flashcards
Define Aliphatic.
Containing carbon atoms joined together in straight or branched chains.
Define Alicyclic.
Containing carbon atoms joined together in a ring that is not aromatic.
Define Aromatic.
Containing one or more benzene ring.
In the chemical formula 4 ethyl 3 methyl heptane what does the 4 and 3 stand for?
Positioning of ethyl and methyl in the carbon chain.
In the chemical formula 4 ethyl 3 methyl heptane what does ethyl and methyl stand for?
The prefixes of number of carbons in each branch from main chain.
In the chemical formula 2,3 Di methyl heptane, what does the prefix Di stand for?
Number of same branches in the formula.
How would you represent where a double bond is present in a compound?
Write the number in between i.e but-1-ene.
What suffix does Aldehydes end in? And what is their functional group?
- ‘-al’
- Double bond C with O and single bond C with H
What is a ketone?
C double bond in the middle with oxygen.
What is the suffix for ketone? How would you represent the position of each ketone?
- ‘-one’ i.e propanone.
- The number in between the molecule i.e Hexan-3-one
What prefix is added when there is a carboxylic acid and alcohol in the same molecule?
‘-hydroxy’
3 hydroxy butanoic acid
Where do we start the numbering from in a carbon chain when there is a carboxylic acid and alcohol present in the same molecule? And why?
1.From the carbon in the carboxylic acid functional group
2. Because the carboxylic acid takes priority over the alcohol
Define saturated in terms of a hydrocarbon.
Does not have a double bond.
Define ionic bond.
Electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions.
Define covalent bond.
Electrostatic attraction between positive nuclei and shared pair of electrons.
