Preparation of amines

Question 1

What are the 2 methods to prepare amines?

Answer 1

-Aliphatic amines
-Aromatic amines

Question 2

What is the reagent used to make an aliphatic amine?

Answer 2

-ethanolic ammonia

Question 3

Why do you use ethanolic ammonia in excess?

Answer 3

-Excess to prevent further substitution

Question 4

What are the conditions and mechanism used in aliphatic ammonia?

Answer 4

-Conditions = heat sealed in tube
-Mechanism = Nucleophilic substitution

Question 5

Write equation of methyl chloride + ammonia.

Answer 5

methyl chloride +ammonia -> methyl amine + ammonium chloride

Question 6

Write the 2 step mechanism for formation of methyl amine

Answer 6

Ch3Cl+ NH3 -> Ch3NH3+ + Cl-
CH3NH3+ +Cl- -> CH3NH2 + NH4Cl

Question 7

What is the name of the mechanism for formation of aromatic amines, what are the conditions?

Answer 7

-Reduction with [H]
-Catalyst tin and conc HCl
-HUR

Question 8

Write the mechanism for formation of phenylamine from nitrobenzene.

Answer 8

nitrobenzene + 6[H] -> phenylamine + 2H20