Organ Histology Chapter 4 Flashcards
How does cartilage receive its nutrition?
Diffusion
Do cartilige and surrounding matrix have their own capillary network?
No
What are the two functions of cartilage?
- Support
2. Template for endochondral bone ossification
Hyaline cartilage has what type of fibers?
Collagen II
elastic cartilage has what type of fibers?
Collagen II and elastic fibers
Fibrocartilage has what type of fibers?
Primarily collagen I
Does hyaline cartilage have perichondrium?
Yes, usually
Does elastin have perichondrium?
Yes, always
Does fibrocartilage have perichondrium?
No
What are the examples of hyaline cartilage?
Articular cartilage, Nasal cartlige Epiphyseal growth plates Trachea Most of larynx Thyroid Costal cartlige
What are examples of elastic cartilage?
Auricular cartilage
cartilage in larynx
Epiglottis
What are the examples of fibrocartilage?
iVD – annulus fibrosus
Pubic symphysis
Articular disc (TMJ, knee meniscus)
Insertion of some tendons
The Large proteoglycan molecules of ground substance are composed of what (3)?
Proteins, sulfated GAG’S, and HA
What are the examples of sulfated GAG’s?
chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, heparin sulfate
What is the function of HA?
Holds water,
flexibility and resistance to compression
What percentage of the matrix ground substance is water?
65–80%
What is Chondronectin?
An adhesive glycoprotein
What is the function of Chondronectin?
Maintains contact between matrix components
What are the primary cells in hyaline?
Chondrogenic cells/chondroprogenitor cells
What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?
Chondrogenic, chondrocytes, and chondroblast
Chondrogenic cells are derived from?
Mesenchyme, occasionally osteoprogenitor cells
What do chondrogenic cells differentiate into?
Chondroblasts
Sometimes osteoprogenitor cells
Do chondrogenic cells go through mitosis?
Yes
Chondrocytes are derived from?
Chondroblasts
What do chondrocytes differentiate into?
Nothing, they are the mature cell.
What are the functions of chondrocytes?
Produce CIF (calcification inhibitory factor), Inhibits salts from adhering to matrix of cartilige (makes brittle)
Do chondrocytes go through mitosis?
Yes, probably
Chondroblasts are derived from what?
Chondrogenics, maybe mesenchyme.
Do chondroblasts undergo mitosis?
No
Which hyaline cells require little oxygen?
Chondrocytes
What is the location of the perichondrium?
peripheral to cartilage
What are the two exceptions to the typical perichondrium location?
Articular cartilage
Epiphyseal growth plates
What type of fiber is found in fibrous perichondrium?
Collagen I
What is the fiber type found in chondrogenic perichondrium?
Collagen II
What cells are found in fibrous perichondrium?
Fibroblast
What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?
Chondroblasts and chondrogenic cells
Which is vascular chondrogenic or fibrous perichondrium?
Fibrous perichondrium
Chondrification begins from what?
Mesenchyme » chondroblast
Chondroblast secrete what?
Matrix
Cartilage expands outwards until it runs into a blood supply. What is the stopping point of cartilage development.
Chondrogenic perichondrium
What are the three main structures of articular cartilage?
1) surface layer of collagen I
2) columns of chondrocytes
3) thin crystalline mineral plate next to bone
The outer layer of a joint capsule is continuous with ______and composed of ________?
Periosteum of adjacent bone and fibrous dense CT.
Which joint capsule layer Regenerates rapidly if damaged?
Synovial layer
Synovial fluid contains what?
high concentrations of HA and lubricin (glycoprotein)
What are the three regions of synovial membranes?
Fibrous, areolar, and adipose
What are the two functions of appositional cartilage growth?
Enlarge existing cartilage, and healing
The function of elastic cartilage is stretching. T/F
FALSE, it is to increase flexibility
Fibrocartilage is avascular except where?
Knee minisci (some peripheral vascularization)
What is the main limitation of fibrocartilage?
No appositional healing (100% scar tissue)
