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organ histology > Organ Histology Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Organ Histology Chapter 4 Flashcards

0
Q

How does cartilage receive its nutrition?

A

Diffusion

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1
Q

Do cartilige and surrounding matrix have their own capillary network?

A

No

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2
Q

What are the two functions of cartilage?

A
  1. Support

2. Template for endochondral bone ossification

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3
Q

Hyaline cartilage has what type of fibers?

A

Collagen II

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4
Q

elastic cartilage has what type of fibers?

A

Collagen II and elastic fibers

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5
Q

Fibrocartilage has what type of fibers?

A

Primarily collagen I

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6
Q

Does hyaline cartilage have perichondrium?

A

Yes, usually

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7
Q

Does elastin have perichondrium?

A

Yes, always

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8
Q

Does fibrocartilage have perichondrium?

A

No

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9
Q

What are the examples of hyaline cartilage?

A 
Articular cartilage, 
Nasal cartlige
Epiphyseal growth plates
Trachea
Most of larynx
Thyroid
Costal cartlige
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10
Q

What are examples of elastic cartilage?

A

Auricular cartilage
cartilage in larynx
Epiglottis

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11
Q

What are the examples of fibrocartilage?

A

iVD – annulus fibrosus
Pubic symphysis
Articular disc (TMJ, knee meniscus)
Insertion of some tendons

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12
Q

The Large proteoglycan molecules of ground substance are composed of what (3)?

A

Proteins, sulfated GAG’S, and HA

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13
Q

What are the examples of sulfated GAG’s?

A

chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, heparin sulfate

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14
Q

What is the function of HA?

A

Holds water,

flexibility and resistance to compression

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15
Q

What percentage of the matrix ground substance is water?

A

65–80%

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16
Q

What is Chondronectin?

A

An adhesive glycoprotein

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17
Q

What is the function of Chondronectin?

A

Maintains contact between matrix components

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18
Q

What are the primary cells in hyaline?

A

Chondrogenic cells/chondroprogenitor cells

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19
Q

What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?

A

Chondrogenic, chondrocytes, and chondroblast

20
Q

Chondrogenic cells are derived from?

A

Mesenchyme, occasionally osteoprogenitor cells

21
Q

What do chondrogenic cells differentiate into?

A

Chondroblasts

Sometimes osteoprogenitor cells

22
Q

Do chondrogenic cells go through mitosis?

A

Yes

23
Q

Chondrocytes are derived from?

A

Chondroblasts

24
Q

What do chondrocytes differentiate into?

A

Nothing, they are the mature cell.

25
Q

What are the functions of chondrocytes?

A 
Produce CIF (calcification inhibitory factor),
Inhibits salts from adhering to matrix of cartilige (makes brittle)
26
Q

Do chondrocytes go through mitosis?

A

Yes, probably

27
Q

Chondroblasts are derived from what?

A

Chondrogenics, maybe mesenchyme.

28
Q

Do chondroblasts undergo mitosis?

A

No

29
Q

Which hyaline cells require little oxygen?

A

Chondrocytes

30
Q

What is the location of the perichondrium?

A

peripheral to cartilage

31
Q

What are the two exceptions to the typical perichondrium location?

A

Articular cartilage

Epiphyseal growth plates

32
Q

What type of fiber is found in fibrous perichondrium?

A

Collagen I

33
Q

What is the fiber type found in chondrogenic perichondrium?

A

Collagen II

34
Q

What cells are found in fibrous perichondrium?

A

Fibroblast

35
Q

What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?

A

Chondroblasts and chondrogenic cells

36
Q

Which is vascular chondrogenic or fibrous perichondrium?

A

Fibrous perichondrium

37
Q

Chondrification begins from what?

A

Mesenchyme » chondroblast

38
Q

Chondroblast secrete what?

A

Matrix

39
Q

Cartilage expands outwards until it runs into a blood supply. What is the stopping point of cartilage development.

A

Chondrogenic perichondrium

40
Q

What are the three main structures of articular cartilage?

A

1) surface layer of collagen I
2) columns of chondrocytes
3) thin crystalline mineral plate next to bone

41
Q

The outer layer of a joint capsule is continuous with ______and composed of ________?

A

Periosteum of adjacent bone and fibrous dense CT.

42
Q

Which joint capsule layer Regenerates rapidly if damaged?

A

Synovial layer

43
Q

Synovial fluid contains what?

A

high concentrations of HA and lubricin (glycoprotein)

44
Q

What are the three regions of synovial membranes?

A

Fibrous, areolar, and adipose

45
Q

What are the two functions of appositional cartilage growth?

A

Enlarge existing cartilage, and healing

46
Q

The function of elastic cartilage is stretching. T/F

A

FALSE, it is to increase flexibility

47
Q

Fibrocartilage is avascular except where?

A

Knee minisci (some peripheral vascularization)

48
Q

What is the main limitation of fibrocartilage?

A

No appositional healing (100% scar tissue)

organ histology (12 decks)

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