final chapter 10

Question 1

This is a small organ inferior to the liver with a cystic duct connecting to its neck

Answer 1

Gallbladder

Question 2

2 functions of the gall bladder

Answer 2

1. Store bile (70ml), 2. Concentrate bile (cystic bile=concentrated in gallbladder)(hepatic bile=less concentrated from liver)

Question 3

What nerve and peptide hormone is bile release controlled by?

Answer 3

Vagus nerve and CCK

Question 4

Surface epithelium of the gall bladder

Answer 4

simple columnar

Question 5

T/F: The gall bladder contains a well defined layer of submucosa.

Answer 5

False–It is absent (very unusual)

Question 6

T/F: The muscularis externus of the gall bladder is a very abnormal pattern.

Answer 6

True–thin smooth muscle layer with a disorganized muscle arrangement

Question 7

This organ is surrounded by a thin CT capsule. Septa divide into the organ creating lobules.

Answer 7

Pancreas

Question 8

islets of Langerhans producing hormone are part of the (endocrine/exocrine) pancreas.

Answer 8

Endocrine pancreas

Question 9

serous acini producing digestive enzymes are part of the (endocrine/exocrine) pancreas.

Answer 9

Exocrine pancreas (largest portion)

Question 10

Serous acini secretion is controlled by which peptide hormone, NT, and nerve fibers?

Answer 10

CCK, Ach, parasympathetics

Question 11

Pancreatic duct secretion is controlled by which hormone, NT, and nerve fibers?

Answer 11

Secretin, Ach, parasympathetics

Question 12

______ cells are located next to acinar cells. Along with the cuboid cells in the intercalated pancreatic ducts, they produce alkaline fluid with large quantities of bicarbonate ions which function to buffer stomach chyme.

Answer 12

Centroacinar cells

Question 13

What kind of CT wraps pancreatic ducts? Its function is to provide extra protection from possible leaking digestive enzymes.

Answer 13

Collagen-rich

Question 14

This is the largest gland in the body with endocrine and exocrine functions.

Answer 14

Liver

Question 15

5 functions of the liver

Answer 15

1. Metabolism of carbs, lipids, proteins, 2. Produce blood proteins, factors, and non-essential vitamins, 3. Detoxify blood, 4. Produce hepatic bile, 5. Store certain vitamins

Question 16

These are microvilliated cuboidal cells possessing lateral bile canaliculi between adjacent hepatocytes that carry out general liver functions.

Answer 16

Hepatocytes

Question 17

These are the resident macrophages of the liver that develop from monocytes

Answer 17

Kupffer cells

Question 18

These cells store lipids for immediate use, store vitamin A, and produce collagen III and IV

Answer 18

Lipocytes

Question 19

T/F: blood flows in both directions in the portal triads

Answer 19

TRUE ( hepatic artery, portal vein, bile duct, lymph vessels )

Question 20

These are dilated, fenestrated thin walled vessels found between the rows of hepatocytes and carry a mixture of 75% venous and 25% arterial blood.

Answer 20

Hepatic sinusoids

Question 21

This is a fenestrated thin walled vessel that collects blood from the hepatic sinusoids. **Blood flows from the portal triad towards this structure**

Answer 21

Central vein

Question 22

This is the space between the hepatocytes and the fenestrated hepatic sinusoids where blood can directly contact the microvilliated surfaces of the hepatocytes

Answer 22

**Space of Disse** (perisinusoidal space) this is why the liver can take over for the spleen in 1-2 days