Ch 7 Heart Flashcards
The looser CT layer and more dense regular CT layer below the endothelium is called:
The sub-endothelium
This layer of the heart wall is the inside layer that contacts the blood. It contains the endothelium composed of simple squamous cells with round nuclei
Endocardium
This layer contains the blood vessels and nerves, and contains most of the Purkinje Fibers
Sub-endocardial layer
T/F: Purkinje fibers contain few myofibrils and much stored glycogen
True
How are Purkinje Fibers attached?
Gap junctions and macula adherens
What is the main function of Purkinje fibers?
Conduct contraction impulses rapidly
This region of the Myocardium contains less muscle and more elastic fibers
The atria
This region of the Myocardium is a well-developed muscle layer
Ventrical
These structures contain a transverse portion and a longitudinal portion that functions to attach cardiac myocytes in a row, attach & stabilize myofibrils, and are involved in cell-to-cell communication
Intercalated discs
The ______ portion of intercalated discs include macula adherens, fascia adherens, and small gap junctions.
The ______ portion of intercalated discs include large gap junctions.
Transverse
Longitudinal
T/F: The autonomic nervous system initiates the heartbeat.
False. It will influence the rate and stroke volume.
SNS will increase HR and contraction force
Specialized cardiac muscle cells and hormone secretion takes place in which section of the Myocardium?
Atria
Hormones are released into surrounding _______. They function to balance ______ & _______.
capillaries
fxn: balance fluid and electrolyes (target kidneys)
If the goal is to decrease blood pressure, what is the target organ?
Smooth muscles in the arteries
Epicardium is also known as ______ ______.
Visceral pericardium
In the Serous Pericardium, coronary vessels and nerves are located in which CT layer? Too much of what tissue type in this layer will pose a problem?
Sub-epicardial layer
Adipose tissue
What single layer of Parietal Pericardium secretes serous fluid? What type of CT is found in the Parietal Pericardiu?
Mesothelium
Fibroelastic CT
What are the 2 layers of the Pericardial Sac?
Parietal pericardium and fibrous pericardium
What 2 layers is the Pericardial Cavity between?
Parietal and visceral pericardium
Endothelium is with dense (irregular/regular?) CT composed of many collagen type ____ and (elastic/reticular?) fibers. It is totally (vascular/avascular?)
Dense Irregular CT
Collagen Type 1
Elastic fibers
Totally avascular
The cardiac skeleton is made up of dense ______ CT.
Dense fibrous CT
This component of the cardiac skeleton supports the area of great vessel entrance and exit.
Annuli fibrosi
This area of the cardiac skeleton contains the cusps of the aortic valve
Trigonum and fibrosum
This component of the cardiac skeleton is upper portion of interventricular septum and functions as the origin/insertion point of cardiac myocytes.
Septum Membranaceum
The tendon-like dense regular CT of the cardiac skeleton that separates the atrial and ventricular myocardia as well as ensures rhythmic contractions is known as what?
Cordea tendinae
Chest pain usually brought on by exertion is known as what? It is usually caused by slow, progressive narrowing of coronary vessels.
Angina
This pathology is commonly known as abnormal heart rhythms. It can result when damaged or death occurs to conducting tissues and/or Purkinje fibers
Dysrythimia
Inflammation to the pericardium and infection in the pericardial cavity is known as what?
Pericarditis
