Ch 7 Heart

Question 0

The looser CT layer and more dense regular CT layer below the endothelium is called:

Answer 0

The sub-endothelium

Question 1

This layer of the heart wall is the inside layer that contacts the blood. It contains the endothelium composed of simple squamous cells with round nuclei

Answer 1

Endocardium

Question 2

This layer contains the blood vessels and nerves, and contains most of the Purkinje Fibers

Answer 2

Sub-endocardial layer

Question 3

T/F: Purkinje fibers contain few myofibrils and much stored glycogen

Answer 3

True

Question 4

How are Purkinje Fibers attached?

Answer 4

Gap junctions and macula adherens

Question 5

What is the main function of Purkinje fibers?

Answer 5

Conduct contraction impulses rapidly

Question 6

This region of the Myocardium contains less muscle and more elastic fibers

Answer 6

The atria

Question 7

This region of the Myocardium is a well-developed muscle layer

Answer 7

Ventrical

Question 8

These structures contain a transverse portion and a longitudinal portion that functions to attach cardiac myocytes in a row, attach & stabilize myofibrils, and are involved in cell-to-cell communication

Answer 8

Intercalated discs

Question 9

The ______ portion of intercalated discs include macula adherens, fascia adherens, and small gap junctions.

The ______ portion of intercalated discs include large gap junctions.

Answer 9

Transverse

Longitudinal

Question 10

T/F: The autonomic nervous system initiates the heartbeat.

Answer 10

False. It will influence the rate and stroke volume.

SNS will increase HR and contraction force

Question 11

Specialized cardiac muscle cells and hormone secretion takes place in which section of the Myocardium?

Answer 11

Atria

Question 12

Hormones are released into surrounding _______. They function to balance ______ & _______.

Answer 12

capillaries

fxn: balance fluid and electrolyes (target kidneys)

Question 13

If the goal is to decrease blood pressure, what is the target organ?

Answer 13

Smooth muscles in the arteries

Question 14

Epicardium is also known as ______ ______.

Answer 14

Visceral pericardium

Question 15

In the Serous Pericardium, coronary vessels and nerves are located in which CT layer? Too much of what tissue type in this layer will pose a problem?

Answer 15

Sub-epicardial layer

Adipose tissue

Question 16

What single layer of Parietal Pericardium secretes serous fluid? What type of CT is found in the Parietal Pericardiu?

Answer 16

Mesothelium

Fibroelastic CT

Question 17

What are the 2 layers of the Pericardial Sac?

Answer 17

Parietal pericardium and fibrous pericardium

Question 18

What 2 layers is the Pericardial Cavity between?

Answer 18

Parietal and visceral pericardium

Question 19

Endothelium is with dense (irregular/regular?) CT composed of many collagen type ____ and (elastic/reticular?) fibers. It is totally (vascular/avascular?)

Answer 19

Dense Irregular CT
Collagen Type 1
Elastic fibers
Totally avascular

Question 20

The cardiac skeleton is made up of dense ______ CT.

Answer 20

Dense fibrous CT

Question 21

This component of the cardiac skeleton supports the area of great vessel entrance and exit.

Answer 21

Annuli fibrosi

Question 22

This area of the cardiac skeleton contains the cusps of the aortic valve

Answer 22

Trigonum and fibrosum

Question 23

This component of the cardiac skeleton is upper portion of interventricular septum and functions as the origin/insertion point of cardiac myocytes.

Answer 23

Septum Membranaceum

Question 24

The tendon-like dense regular CT of the cardiac skeleton that separates the atrial and ventricular myocardia as well as ensures rhythmic contractions is known as what?

Answer 24

Cordea tendinae

Question 25

Chest pain usually brought on by exertion is known as what? It is usually caused by slow, progressive narrowing of coronary vessels.

Answer 25

Angina

Question 26

This pathology is commonly known as abnormal heart rhythms. It can result when damaged or death occurs to conducting tissues and/or Purkinje fibers

Answer 26

Dysrythimia

Question 27

Inflammation to the pericardium and infection in the pericardial cavity is known as what?

Answer 27

Pericarditis