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Anatomy W Lei > Orbit And Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Orbit And Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

7 bones of orbit

A

Frontal I sphenoid, ethmoid,

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2
Q

7 orbital openings

A

Supraorbital foramen/notch
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Ethmoidal foramina
Nasolacrimal canal
Inferior orbital fissure
Infraorbital foreman

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3
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Function: tear production to moisturize eye and emotional expression
Location: supralateral to orbit

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4
Q

Lacrimal gland drainage

A
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5
Q

Lacrimal gland innervation

A

Sympathetic: postganglionic axons from the superior cervical ganglion
Parasympathetic: preganglionic axons from CN 7 form the greater petrol nerve

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6
Q

Innovation

A
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7
Q

3 layers of eye

A

Out layer
Choroid: blood vessel plexus
Retina

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8
Q

Eye: anterior chamber

A

Iris: pupil, * pupillary light reflex: regulating light passing in
Ciliary body
Aqueous

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9
Q

Eye posterior chamber

A
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10
Q

Functions in eye

A

Light detection and transformation
Light pathway : cross

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11
Q

Light processing

A

Converging, reverse the light transmission pathway
Involves: bipolar neurons, ganglion cells

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12
Q

Sensation vs.

A
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13
Q

Orbit: neuromuscular supply

A

Somatosensory innovation: ophthalmic nerve (CN 5 division 1)
Nasociliary nerve
Frontal nerve
Lacrimal nerve
** NFL → medial to lateral

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14
Q

Orbit: blood supply

A

*Ophthalmic artery
Central retrial artery
Ciliary artery
Supra trochear and supra-orbital artery
Ethmoid artery mu dorsal nasal artery branches
Lacrimal artery
** Clinical: anastomosis of the internal and external carotid

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15
Q

Eye muscle innovations

A

Sympathetic: postgauglianic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion deep petrosal nerve
Parasympathetic: preganglionic fibers from the CN 3 to form the ciliary ganglion

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16
Q

Ciliary body

A
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17
Q

Iris innovation

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

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18
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

Sympathetic nonfunctional, parasympathetic not balanced
Symptoms: constricts pupils, eyelid ptosis, No sweating on the affected side
Sympathetic component in the cutaneous innovation

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19
Q

Pupillary reflex

A

Iris adjustment
Afferent: CN 2
Efferent: CN 3
** blind people can have normal popular reflex: ganglion cells still do light detection

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20
Q

Eyelid: structures

A

Muscle tendons
Orbital septum
Palpebral ligament: lateral/medial
Tarsus plate: sup/inf

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21
Q

Eyelid: neurovascular supply

A

V(1) and v(2) terminal branches
Anastomosis of external and internal carotid artery terminal branches

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22
Q

Eyelid : functions

A

Protection: recall blink reflex
Facial expression: wink

23
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

2 parts: close
1. Orbital part - wink
2. Palpebral part: blink
CN 7

24
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris

25
Superior tarsal muscle
Smooth muscle, open P: musculotendinous junction
26
Superior Rectus
27
Superior oblique
28
Inferior Rectus
29
Lateral Rectus
30
Medial Rectus
31
Inferior oblique
32
Extraocular muscle innervation
CN III
33
Eyeball convergence
Add of both eyeballs at the same time Pathological: strabismus- eyes are not lined up properly
34
Esotropia
Adducted eyeballs: CN 6 palsy
35
Exotropia
36
Hypertropia
37
Hypotropia
Depressed eyeballs: inferior oblique - CN 3 palsy
38
Nasal cavity boundary
Lateral wall: irregular hyaline cartilage, nasal conchae Medial wall: Roof Floor Anterior Posterior
39
Nasal bones: lateral wall
Nasal bone, maxilla, superior/middle ethmoid bone/ inferior nasal conchae
40
Nasal bones: roof
Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid
41
Nasal bones: floor
42
Nasal bones: septum
43
Nasal cartilage
Hyaline cartilage, lateral wall and septum
44
Nasal cavity divisions
Vestibule: hair Respiratory region: conducting air to the respiratory tract Olfactory region: smell
45
Meatus
Passageways form btw nasal conchae and nasal cavity floor and roof Increases surface for air contact
46
Cranial sinuses
Frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoidal mastoid
47
Cranial sinuses function
Produces mucus to moisture for nasal cavity Lightens skull
48
Drainage of sinuses into nasal cavity
Inferior meats: nasolacrimal duct Middle meatus:
49
How much mucus is produced daily
1-2 liters
50
Mucosal glands
Humidify air Absorbs particles Dissolves molecules Balance air temperature to body temp ** around choanae, air ~30°C and 97% humidity
51
Mucosal glands: neuromuscular
CN 7 parasympathetic, pterygopalatine ganglion Sympathetic: can be inhibited
52
Smell and chemical sensation
CN 1: thinnest nerve and nonmyclinated
53
Nasal cavity arteries and veins
Terminal branches from internal and external carotid arteries

Anatomy W Lei (16 decks)

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