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Anatomy W Lei > Orbit And Nasal Cavity > Flashcards

Orbit And Nasal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

7 bones of orbit

A

Frontal I sphenoid, ethmoid,

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2
Q

7 orbital openings

A

Supraorbital foramen/notch
Optic canal
Superior orbital fissure
Ethmoidal foramina
Nasolacrimal canal
Inferior orbital fissure
Infraorbital foreman

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3
Q

Lacrimal gland

A

Function: tear production to moisturize eye and emotional expression
Location: supralateral to orbit

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4
Q

Lacrimal gland drainage

A
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5
Q

Lacrimal gland innervation

A

Sympathetic: postganglionic axons from the superior cervical ganglion
Parasympathetic: preganglionic axons from CN 7 form the greater petrol nerve

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6
Q

Innovation

A
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7
Q

3 layers of eye

A

Out layer
Choroid: blood vessel plexus
Retina

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8
Q

Eye: anterior chamber

A

Iris: pupil, * pupillary light reflex: regulating light passing in
Ciliary body
Aqueous

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9
Q

Eye posterior chamber

A
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10
Q

Functions in eye

A

Light detection and transformation
Light pathway : cross

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11
Q

Light processing

A

Converging, reverse the light transmission pathway
Involves: bipolar neurons, ganglion cells

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12
Q

Sensation vs.

A
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13
Q

Orbit: neuromuscular supply

A

Somatosensory innovation: ophthalmic nerve (CN 5 division 1)
Nasociliary nerve
Frontal nerve
Lacrimal nerve
** NFL → medial to lateral

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14
Q

Orbit: blood supply

A

*Ophthalmic artery
Central retrial artery
Ciliary artery
Supra trochear and supra-orbital artery
Ethmoid artery mu dorsal nasal artery branches
Lacrimal artery
** Clinical: anastomosis of the internal and external carotid

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15
Q

Eye muscle innovations

A

Sympathetic: postgauglianic fibers from the superior cervical ganglion deep petrosal nerve
Parasympathetic: preganglionic fibers from the CN 3 to form the ciliary ganglion

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16
Q

Ciliary body

A
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17
Q

Iris innovation

A

Sympathetic
Parasympathetic

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18
Q

Horner’s syndrome

A

Sympathetic nonfunctional, parasympathetic not balanced
Symptoms: constricts pupils, eyelid ptosis, No sweating on the affected side
Sympathetic component in the cutaneous innovation

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19
Q

Pupillary reflex

A

Iris adjustment
Afferent: CN 2
Efferent: CN 3
** blind people can have normal popular reflex: ganglion cells still do light detection

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20
Q

Eyelid: structures

A

Muscle tendons
Orbital septum
Palpebral ligament: lateral/medial
Tarsus plate: sup/inf

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21
Q

Eyelid: neurovascular supply

A

V(1) and v(2) terminal branches
Anastomosis of external and internal carotid artery terminal branches

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22
Q

Eyelid : functions

A

Protection: recall blink reflex
Facial expression: wink

23
Q

Orbicularis oculi

A

2 parts: close
1. Orbital part - wink
2. Palpebral part: blink
CN 7

24
Q

Levator palpebrae superioris

25
Q

Superior tarsal muscle

A

Smooth muscle, open
P: musculotendinous junction

26
Q

Superior Rectus

27
Q

Superior oblique

28
Q

Inferior Rectus

29
Q

Lateral Rectus

30
Q

Medial Rectus

31
Q

Inferior oblique

32
Q

Extraocular muscle innervation

33
Q

Eyeball convergence

A

Add of both eyeballs at the same time
Pathological: strabismus- eyes are not lined up properly

34
Q

Esotropia

A

Adducted eyeballs: CN 6 palsy

35
Q

Exotropia

36
Q

Hypertropia

37
Q

Hypotropia

A

Depressed eyeballs: inferior oblique - CN 3 palsy

38
Q

Nasal cavity boundary

A

Lateral wall: irregular hyaline cartilage, nasal conchae
Medial wall:
Roof
Floor
Anterior
Posterior

39
Q

Nasal bones: lateral wall

A

Nasal bone, maxilla, superior/middle ethmoid bone/ inferior nasal conchae

40
Q

Nasal bones: roof

A

Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid

41
Q

Nasal bones: floor

42
Q

Nasal bones: septum

43
Q

Nasal cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage, lateral wall and septum

44
Q

Nasal cavity divisions

A

Vestibule: hair
Respiratory region: conducting air to the respiratory tract
Olfactory region: smell

45
Q

Meatus

A

Passageways form btw nasal conchae and nasal cavity floor and roof
Increases surface for air contact

46
Q

Cranial sinuses

A

Frontal, maxillary, ethmoid, sphenoidal mastoid

47
Q

Cranial sinuses function

A

Produces mucus to moisture for nasal cavity
Lightens skull

48
Q

Drainage of sinuses into nasal cavity

A

Inferior meats: nasolacrimal duct
Middle meatus:

49
Q

How much mucus is produced daily

A

1-2 liters

50
Q

Mucosal glands

A

Humidify air
Absorbs particles
Dissolves molecules
Balance air temperature to body temp
** around choanae, air ~30°C and 97% humidity

51
Q

Mucosal glands: neuromuscular

A

CN 7
parasympathetic, pterygopalatine ganglion
Sympathetic: can be inhibited

52
Q

Smell and chemical sensation

A

CN 1: thinnest nerve and nonmyclinated

53
Q

Nasal cavity arteries and veins

A

Terminal branches from internal and external carotid arteries

Anatomy W Lei (16 decks)

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