Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Anatomy W Lei > Cranium And The Brain > Flashcards

Cranium And The Brain Flashcards

(60 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Cranium: anatomy

A

Cranium:
1. Neurocranium: bony structural container for the brain, protection
- Calvaria
- base
2. Vicerocranium: bony structure to support visceral organs, boundaries
Mandible

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Calvaria

A

Parietal, frontal, superior occipital, and temporal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Base

A

Inferior frontal, temporal, occipital, ethmoid, sphenoid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Sutures

A

Coronal, Sagittal, lambdoid, and squamous
* dura mater attachment sites inside cranium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Coronal suture

A

Frontal and parietal - “crown”

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sagittal suture

A

Inter parietal bones

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Lambdoid suture

A

Parietal and occipital - rainbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Squamous suture

A

Parietal and temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Pterion

A

Weakest point of the Neurocranium
Artery: middle meningeal
*epidural hematoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Pterion: sutures

A

Sphenosquamous suture
Sphenoparietal suture
Frontosphenoid suture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Cranial fossae: anterior

A

Frontal bone: frontal crest
Ethmoid bone: crista galli and cribriform plate
Sphenoid bone: lesser wing and anterior clinoid processes *optical canal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Cranial fossae: middle

A

Sphenoid bone: posterior clinoid process + hypophysial fossa (sella turcica) + greater wing + superior orbital fissure + coratid canal.
- Foramen : rotundum, ovale, spinosum, lacerum,
Temporal bone
Inferior parietal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Cranial fossae: posterior

A

Temporal bone: petrous part, internal acoustic medius, jugular foreman
Occipital bone: clivus, Internal occipital crest + protuberance, foremen magnum, hypoglossal canal
Inferior parietal bone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Occipital bone: external/inferior

A

Hypoglossal canal
Foremen magnum
Occipital condyles
External occipital protuberance
Sup/inf nuchal line

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Sphenoid bone

A

Foremen spinosum
Foremen ovale
Medial / lateral pterygoid plates

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Temporal bone: ext / inf

A

Mastoid process/notch
Styloid process
External acoustic medius
Mandibular fossa
Articular tubercle
Coratid canal
Jugular foremen
Stylomastoid foremen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Fissures of the brain

A

Longitudinal fissure: left and right hemisphere
Transverse fissure: occipital babe and cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Pterian bones

A

Frontal, parietal, spheroid, temporal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Telencephalon: neocortex/cerebrum lobes (6)

A

Frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, lambic, and insular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Telencephalon: sulci and gyri

A

Central sulcus: precentral (somatic motor M1) and postcentral (somatic sensory S1)gyrus
Lateral sulcus: primary auditory cortex in temporal
Parietooccipital sulcus
Calcarine sulcus: primary visual cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Frontal lobe: function

A

Somatomotor (M1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Parietal lobe: functions

A

Somatosensory (S1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Temporal lobe: function

A

Audition (A1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Occipital lobe: function

A

Vision (V1)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Limbic lobe:
Drive, emotion, and memory
26
Insula
Taste
27
Left hemisphere: functions
Language, function- executing, logic
28
Right hemisphere
Spatial orientation, emotion, prosody of language
29
Contralateral control
* Somatic sensory and motor control of neck and body Right hemisphere controls left side of body Left hemisphere controls right side of body
30
Right
31
Homunculus: medial → lateral
S1: lower limb, trunk, upper limb, face, and mouth M1: 3 concentric effector regions, 3 cognitive-coordination regions
32
Deep telencephalon components
Caudate Nucleus accumbens Putamen Globus pallidus Subthalamic nucleus: diencephalon Substantial nigra: midbrain
33
Diencephalon: thalamic family
Epithalamus: pineal gland Subthalamus: basal nuclei Thalamus: multiple nuclei Hypothalamus: multiple nuclei, center of life and death Optic nerve: CN 2
34
How many cranial nerves?
12 pairs
35
CN 1: olfactory nerve
Cribriform plate, ethmoid bone Bulb: CNS Nerves: PNS
36
CN 2: optic nerve
Sphenoid bone Outlet: Optic canal CNS
37
Brain stem layers (3)
Basilar: descending tracts Tegmentum: ascending tracts, nuclei of CN Tectum: midbrain only, both descending and ascending tracts
38
CN 3: oculomotor
Originates at Superior colliculus Outlet: superior orbital fissure Oculomotor nerve nuclei : visual pathway Somatic motor: 5 extraocular muscles Visceral motor: ciliary ganglion - ciliary body: lens - iris with sympathetic
39
CN 4: trochlear nerve
Outlet: Superior orbital fissure Only CN from dorsal brain stem Somatic motor: superior oblique muscle
40
Midbrain structures
Cerebral peduncle: all axions from and to the cerebral cortex Substantial nigra Red nucleus Cerebra aqueduct: periaquedatal gray
41
Pons
The "belly" of the brain stem 4th ventricle postcriorly Mid-pons: CN 5 Pontomedullary junction: CN 6,7,8
42
CN 5: Trigeminal nerve
Sphenoid bond V1: ophthalmic - superior orbital fissure, NFL V2: maxillary - foreman rotundum V3: mandibular - for amen ovale Cutaneous: smell and taste, somatic Muscular: mastication
43
CN 6: Abducens
Outlet: Superior orbital fissure:sure, sphenoid bone Somatic motor: lateral Rectus muscle
44
CN 7: facial nerve
Sensory: 1. Chemical: taste, anterior 2/3 tongue 2. Somatic: external ear around external meatus Motor: 1. Somatic: facial expression/stapedius, digastric and stylohyoid, stylomastoid foreman 2. Visceral: parasympathetic - pterygopalatine ganglia: lachrymal gland/mucosal glands - submandibular ganglia: submandibular/sublingual salivary gland
45
What CN originate on the Midbrain? (2)
3 and 4
46
CN 8: vestibulocochlear nerve
Internal acoustic meatus, temporal bone Special sensation - propioception: vestibular division - hearing: sound wave **acoustic schwannoma: balance impairment
47
Medulla oblongata: CN (4)
CN’s: 9, 10, 11, 12
48
CN 9: glossopheryngeal nerve
Jugular foreman, temporal, and occipital bone Sensory: 1. Chemical: taste posterior 1/3 of tongue; blood pressure (carotid sinus) and O2 saturation (carotid body) 2. Somatic: mouth and pharynx; middle ear Motor: 1. Somatic: stylopharynngeus muscle 2. Visceral optic ganglion - parotid gland / mucosal glands
49
CN 10: vagus nerve
Jugular foreman, temporal, and occipital bones Sensory: 1. Chemical: taste of epiglottis and palate 2. Somatic: external ear, larynx Motor: 1. Somatic: pharynx and larynx muscles 2. Visceral: internal organs to end of the midgut (2/3 of the transverse colon)
50
CN 11: spinal accessory nerve
Jugular foreman C1-C5, medulla oblongata root back to CN X Somatic motor: trapezius and SCM muscle
51
CN 12: hypoglossal nerve
Hypoglossal canal Somatic motor: extrinsic and intrinsic tongue muscles
52
Cerebellum: lobes (3)
1. Anterior 2. Inferior 3. Flocculonodular: proprioception and balance Function: coordination of all CNS functions
53
Neural communications: cortical regions
Association fibers: Same hemisphere Commissars: corpus callosum, bilateral hemispheres
54
Neural communication: cortical and subcortical
Projection fibers and internal capsule
55
CN with 4 Functional components
7, 9, 10
56
3 parts of fetal brain
Prosencephalon Mesencephalon Rhombencephalon
57
Prosencephalon
Forebrain Telencephalon Diencephalon: optical vesicle of CN 2
58
Mesencephalon
Midbrain
59
Rhombencephalon
Hindbrain Metencephalon Myelencephalon
60
Thalamus functions
Relay center for sensory pathways Coordination cognition, emotion, and motor functions

Anatomy W Lei (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions