Oral Cavity I Flashcards
tonsils
1) detect pathogens
pterygomandibular raphae
1) white tissue site of attachment for buccinator and superior pharyngeal constrictor muscle
2) important for anesthesia
sagittal view
1) can see many sinuses
2) posterior choanae
3) palate
- seal off the nasopharynx for articulation of sound
4) Eustachian tube
5) epiglottis
6) nasopharynx / oropharynx / laryngopharynx
bones of oral cavity
1) maxilla
- incisive foramen for numbing
2) sphenoid bone
- hamulus (off of medial pterygoid plate) for soft palate muscle attachment
3) palatine bone
- posterior nasal spine
- greater palatine foramen for numbing
4) temporal bone
- petrotympanic fissure
hard palate
1) anterior
- palatine process of maxilla
- horizontal plates of palatine bone
2) laterally
- alveolar processes
Soft palate
1) posterior
- soft palate
hard palate characteristics
1) palatine folds
2) incisive papilla
- for nasopalatine nerve block
3) openings for minor salivary glands
clinical anatomy of palate
1) papillary hyperplasia
- inflammation of the palate
2) found on edentulous patients with dentures or people with candidiasis
2) malignant adenocarcinoma
- tumor of minor salivary glands
hard palate foramina
1) greater and lesser palatine foramen
2) incisive canal
torus palatinus
1) completely normal
2) becomes an issue for dentures
nasopalatine duct cyst
1) cystic lining shows transition from pseudostratified to stratified squamous
2) heart shaped on xray
soft palate
1) anterior
- hard palate
2) posterior
- nasopharynx
3) lateral
- tongue
- pharyngeal wall
soft palate characteristics
1) palatoglossus, palatopharyngeus, palatine tonsils
2) uvula
3) arches
4) posterior walls of pharynx
- with lymphoid nodules
tonsils appearance
1) create crypts of the oral mucosa associated with lymphoid follicles
2) many infoldings
3) HPV to posterior aspect of tongue
muscles of the soft palate
1) palatoglossus
2) palatopharyngeus
3) uvula
4) levator palatini
5) tensor palatini
6) palatine aponeurosis
- the strength and support of the muscles
- expanded tendon of tensor villi palatini m.
palatoglossus muscle
1) origin
- aponeurosis of soft palate
2) insertion
- dorsum and lateral aspect of the tongue
3) motor innervation
- pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
4) action
- contraction of muscles bilaterally raises tongue
- lowers soft palate
- narrowing oropharyngeal isthmus
palatopharyngeus muscle
1) origin
- aponeurosis of soft palate
2) insertion
- lateral wall of pharyn and posterior border of thyroid cartilage
3) motor innervation
- pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
4) action
- elevates pharynx and larynx
- closes oropharyngeal isthmus
uvula muscle
1) origin
- nasal spine of palatine bone
2) insertion
- uvula (posterior midline projection of soft palate)
3) motor innervation
- pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
4) action
- assists in closing the nasopharynx during swallowing
levator palatini muscle
1) origin
- medial aspect of auditory tube and inferior surface of petrous portion of temporal bone
2) insertion
- palatine aponeurosis
3) motor innervation
- pharyngeal plexus of vagus nerve
4) action
- elevator of palate
tensor palatini
1) origin
- lateral aspect of auditory tube
- scaphoid fossa of sphenoid bone
2) insertion
- tendon hooks under hamulus and inserts into palatine aponeurosis
3) motor innervation
- mandibular division of trigeminal nerve
4) action
- tightens palate
anatomical relationships
1) levator palatini
2) tensor palatini
3) external palatine vein
arterial supply
1) maxillary artery
- nasopalatine
- greater palatine
- lesser palatine
2) facial artery
- ascending palatine
sensory innervation to palate
1) maxillary V2 nerve
- greater palatine nerve (bicuspid to molars)
- lesser palatine nerve (cuspid to cuspid)
- nasopalatine nerve (posterior to incisive papilla)
2) autonomic
- parasympathetic and sympathetic
