Neck III

Question 1

root of neck boundaries

Answer 1

1) lateral
- first pair of ribs
2) anterior
- manubrium of sternum
3) posterior
- body of the first thoracic vertebrae

Question 2

phrenic nerve origin

Answer 2

1) ventral rami of C3,4,5

Question 3

root of the neck vessels

Answer 3

1) subclavian arteries
- right arises from brachiocephalic a.
- left from arch of aorta

Question 4

branches of the subclavian artery

Answer 4

1) vertebral
2) costocervical trunk
3) dorsal scapular
4) internal thoracic
6) thyrocervical trunk
- inferior thyroid
- transverse cervical
- suprascapular

Question 5

dorsal scapular

Answer 5

1) blood supply to scapular region
2) between the C7 and C8 of brachial plexus

Question 6

venous drainage

Answer 6

1) external jugular vein
2) axillary vein
- when the subclavian passes the first rib
3) subclavian vein

Question 7

thoracic duct and right lymphatic duct

Answer 7

1) 3/4 quadrants of body
- thoracic duct
2) upper right quadrant
- right lymphatic

Question 8

recurrent laryngeal

Answer 8

1) right
- below subclavian a. and loops up
2) left
- loops around arch of aorta
–
3) comes from the vagus

Question 9

interscalene triangle nerves

Answer 9

1) brachial plexus and phrenic nerve

Question 10

sympathetic trunk general view

Answer 10

1) sympathetic fibers
- through ventral roots
- white ramus (14x)
- sympathetic trunk
- gray ramus
* take care of blood vessels, sweat glands, hair follicles
—
1) thoracic splanchnic nerve
- greater, lesser, least synpase in preoartic ganglia (prevertebral)

Question 11

inferior cervical gangion

Answer 11

1) found above the subclavian a.
2) post ganglionic gray rami to C7,8
3) cardiac branches to the heart

Question 12

middle cervical ganglion

Answer 12

1) at level C1,2,3
2) postganglionic gray rami communicantes to C5,6
3) cardiac branches to heart
4) glandular branches to the thyroid

Question 13

superior cervical ganglia

Answer 13

1) important!
**postganglionic fibers to the head via carotid plexuses (Around external and internal carotid)
2) level of C1,2,3
3) postganglionic gray rami communicantes to C1-4
4) cardiac branches to the heart
5) glandular branches to the thyroid gland

Question 14

horner’s syndrome

Answer 14

1) knocks out superior cervical ganglion
2) no more sympathetic supply to the head
3) ptosis, constricted pupil, sunken eyeball, flushing of skin, dry skin

Question 15

reflec sympathetic dystrophy

Answer 15

1) neuropathy of upper extremities and sometimes head and neck
2) check if its from sympathetic autonomic nervous systevism
- stellate ganglion block

Question 16

viscera of the neck

Answer 16

1) thyroid gland
2) parathyroid gland
3) esophagus
4) trachea

Question 17

carotid body

Answer 17

1) at bifurcation of external and internal carotid
2) chemoreceptor for O2 levels
3) visceral sensory => carotid sinus branch of CN XI (some CN X)

Question 18

carotid sinus

Answer 18

1) in the proximal internal carotid artery
2) blood pressure baroreceptor
3) VA => carotid sinus branch of CN XI and some CN X