Oral Cavity Flashcards by Maggie Eby

Altered CD 36 protein -
_____ (in mice) the desire
for fatty foods

decreases

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The anterior two thirds of
the tongue consist of a core
mass of _____
oriented in three directions:
longitudinal, transverse,
and oblique

skeletal muscle

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_____ papillae—most numerous;
keratinized, short bristles,
distributed in parallel rows
* Lack taste buds; primarily tactile

Filiform papillae

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The basal portion of a
taste receptor cell makes
contact with an _____
terminal derived from neurons
in the sensory ganglia of the
facial (CN VII),
glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and
vagus nerves (CN X).

afferent nerve

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The posterior one third
of the tongue displays aggregations of
lymphatic tissue–aka the ___

the lingual
tonsils

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Possess basal striations, due to folding
of plasma membrane
* Function—resorb Na, sec K into saliva;
also secrete lysozyme & IgA

Intercalated Ducts:

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parallel rows, taste buds in lateral wall (type of papillae)

Foliate Papillae

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Each taste bud can discern all
five tastes but appear to
concentrate on :

two of the five.

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(the
taste of monosodium
glutamate)

umami

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(taste perception) Posterior pharynx & epiglottis
register :

all five modalities

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Often added to processed food as ______ which is used as a flavor enhancer.
* Add glutamate taste to promote food consumption
(elderly & ill at risk for malnutrition)

monosodium glutamate
(MSG)

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The sides of the circumvallate
papilla and the facing wall of
furrow contain _____

several taste
buds

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The anterior two thirds of
the tongue consist of a core
mass of skeletal muscle
oriented in three directions:

longitudinal, transverse,
and oblique

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A specific taste sensation
is generated by specific
____

taste receptor cells

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The dorsal surface of
the tongue is covered
by a nonkeratinized
stratified squamous
epithelium supported
by a lamina propria
associated with the
—

muscle core of the
tongue.

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Varied compounds with
no common molecular
structure. Examples -
caffeine, morphine &
nicotine.
(what type of tastant)

Bitter Tastants

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Boundaries of the oral cavity:

Oral cavity
bounded by hard
& soft palate
superiorly; tongue
& floor of mouth
inferiorly; teeth
(dental arcade)
anterior & lateral;
oropharynx
posterior

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Saliva: ______ stimulation inhibits aqueous secretion => thick, viscous saliva, rich in protein
(e.g., mucus

Sympathetic

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the four classic
taste sensations

Sweet, sour, bitter, and
salty

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The basal portion of a
taste receptor cell makes
contact with an afferent nerve
terminal derived from neurons
in the sensory ganglia of:

the
facial (CN VII),
glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and
vagus nerves (CN X).

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______ undertakes the
selective binding of sapid (flavorful) chemicals and
their transport to taste receptors

Von Ebner’s gland protein (VEGP)

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Saliva: ____ stimulation => copious, watery saliva

Parasympathetic

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Functions of saliva—

Moistens oral mucosa & dry food
Provides carrier medium for sense of taste
Buffering via high bicarbonate content
Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase
Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA
Control of bacterial flora

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Mastication involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by
occlusal surfaces of teeth–Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands => _____ for
swallowing (deglutition)

bolus

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The lining mucosa of the oral mucosa lacks _____

stratum corneum

Linked to a specialized receptor for L-glutamate and other amino acids. * The distribution of umami receptors is unknown. * Glutamate is found naturally in meats, cheeses and several vegetables. Glutamate signals presence of proteins & causes the intake of proteinious foods

Umami

The dorsal surface of the tongue contains numerous mucosal projections called:

lingual papillae

Enzyme in saliva that converts starch to sugar

amylase

Ovoid chemoreceptors found in fungiform, foliate & circumvallate papillae and on the soft palate, posterior pharynx and epiglottis

Taste buds

Serous Glands secrete:

lingual lipase and VEGP (Von Ebner's gland protein)

—area enclosed between lips & teeth

Vestibule

(Salivary Gland) —(located below tongue) mostly mucous

Sublingual

(Salivary Glands) _____ cells surround acini— contraction aids in secretion of saliva into ducts

Myoepithelial cells

_____ in the connective tissue, in contact with the underlying muscle, are associated with the foliate & circumvallate papill

Serous glands, or Ebner’s glands,

A taste bud has three cell components:

(1) taste receptor cells, (2) supporting cells (or immature taste cells), and (3) precursor cells (or basal cells).

A fifth taste sensation is _____

umami (the taste of monosodium glutamate)

(Salivary Gland association) _____= Stenson’s duct, opens within vestibule, opposite upper 2nd molar

Parotid duct

(Salivary Gland) _____—(located inferior & medial to ramus of mandible) mixed

Submandibular

Each lingual papilla is formed by a ____ tissue core and a covering layer of stratified squamous epithelium

highly vascular connective

Taste buds on the palate register primarily :

bitter & sour

The ducts of Ebner’s glands open into the ____

floor of the circular furrows

The _____ surface of the tongue contains numerous mucosal projections called: lingual papillae

dorsal

Enzyme in saliva--antibacterial compounds

lysozyme

Vermillion border: Color derived from ____

highly vascular dermis & thin, overlying keratinized epidermis

ebner's glands

serous glands

The circumvallate papilla occupies a recess in the mucosa and, therefore, it is surrounded by a circular furrow or ____

trench.

Fungiform Papillae – nonkeratinized stratified squamous. --Taste buds (5) along ___ surface.

apical

Proteins in saliva cover teeth with ____. It functions as a semipermeable network of adsorbed salivary macromolecules and provides partial protection against acidic challenges; however, it cannot completely prevent demineralization of the tooth surface. --contains ABs that prevent tooth decay

acquired pellicle.

Oral cavity: responsible for ___, ___, and ___ of food

ingestion, fragmentation, & moistening

(Salivary Glands) Serous acini of mixed glands often in form of ____

demilunes

3 Major pairs of Salivary Glands:

parotid, submandibular, & sublingual

(Salivary Glands) ___ ducts—lined by simple cuboidal epithelium (secrete HCO3, resorb Cl)

intercalated ducts

The most likely model suggest that receptor cells are tuned to respond to single taste modalities — sweet, bitter, sour, salty or umami — and are innervated by _____. In this case, each taste quality is specified by the activity of non- overlapping cells and fibers

individually tuned nerve fibers.

(Salivary Gland) ____—(largest gland, located on cheeks) almost completely serous

Parotid

According to their shape, lingual papillae can be divided into four types:

filiform, fungiform, foliate & circumvallate.

(Salivary Gland) ____ duct opens at sublingual caruncle

Submandibular duct (= Wharton’s duct)

Mastication involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of teeth--Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands => bolus for ____

swallowing (deglutition)

(Salivary Glands) Numerous smaller, accessory glands scattered throughout oral mucosa

(lingual, labial, buccal, molar & palatine glands)

Intercalated Ducts: Empty into larger ___ (stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified columnar epithelium)

excretory ducts

Is the lining mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral surface of tongue & soft palate keratininzed or nonkeratinized?

nonkeratinized

____ also involved in speech, facial expression, sensory perception & respiration

Oral cavity

New Taste Modalities: Carbohydrate? * Found in some complex carbohydrates (vegetables) * Identified in monkeys and rabbits

Review

_____ involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by occlusal surfaces of teeth

Mastication

— present in areas of high abrasion, e.g., gingiva (gums) & hard palate

Masticatory mucosa

The dorsal surface of the tongue is covered by a ______ supported by a lamina propria associated with the muscle core of the tongue.

nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Each lingual papilla is formed by a highly vascular connective tissue core and a covering layer of ____

stratified squamous epithelium

_____ receptor that specifically responds to the flavor + texture of fat.

Protein (CD 36) Receptor

(Oral mucosa) ________—non- keratinized mucosa found on inner cheeks, floor of mouth, ventral surface of tongue & soft palate

Lining mucosa

____ contains water, glycoproteins (e.g., mucus), & proteins, inc: * Enzymes—amylase, converts starch to sugar; lysozyme, antibacterial compounds * Ab’s—salivary IgA * Saliva also high in K, low Na, high bicarbonate (HCO3-)

Saliva

(Salivary Glands) Larger ___ ducts—simple cuboidal to columnar epithelium

striated

(Salivary Glands) T/F: Acini are serous or mucous

True

Circumvallate (wall-like) papillae are located in the posterior part of the tongue, aligned in front of the ___

sulcus terminalis.

T/F Masticatory mucosa can be keratinized or parakeratinized (in between)

True

Serous Glands: Produce von Ebner gland (VEG) protein (VEGP, ebnerin) that binds to _____ molecules. Concentrate and transport.

taste-producing molecules

Ducts of serous glands (von Ebner’s) empty into ____

moat

________ is found naturally in meats, cheeses and several vegetables. Glutamate signals presence of _____ & causes the intake of proteinious foods

Glutamate & proteins

Compound (branched) glands— secretory unit is ___

acinus

Also functions to facilitate the uptake of fatty acids (mice release fat-digesting enzymes & increase intestinal fat absorption when they taste fat) * May also possibly increase the preference for fatty foods

Fat (CD36)

____ papillae are located in the posterior part of the tongue, aligned in front of the sulcus terminalis.

Circumvallate (wall-like) papillae

Serous and mucous glands extend across the lamina propria and the muscle. Their ducts open into the ____ and furrows of the lingual tonsils and circumvallate papillae

crypts

Fungiform Papillae – (describe what type of tissue) --Taste buds (5) along apical surface

nonkeratinized stratified squamous.