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Histology Exam 3 > Oral Cavity > Flashcards

Oral Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

Altered CD 36 protein -
_____ (in mice) the desire
for fatty foods

A

decreases

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2
Q

The anterior two thirds of
the tongue consist of a core
mass of _____
oriented in three directions:
longitudinal, transverse,
and oblique

A

skeletal muscle

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3
Q

_____ papillae—most numerous;
keratinized, short bristles,
distributed in parallel rows
* Lack taste buds; primarily tactile

A

Filiform papillae

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4
Q

The basal portion of a
taste receptor cell makes
contact with an _____
terminal derived from neurons
in the sensory ganglia of the
facial (CN VII),
glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and
vagus nerves (CN X).

A

afferent nerve

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5
Q

The posterior one third
of the tongue displays aggregations of
lymphatic tissue–aka the ___

A

the lingual
tonsils

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6
Q

Possess basal striations, due to folding
of plasma membrane
* Function—resorb Na, sec K into saliva;
also secrete lysozyme & IgA

A

Intercalated Ducts:

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7
Q

parallel rows, taste buds in lateral wall (type of papillae)

A

Foliate Papillae

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8
Q

Each taste bud can discern all
five tastes but appear to
concentrate on :

A

two of the five.

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9
Q

(the
taste of monosodium
glutamate)

A

umami

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10
Q

(taste perception) Posterior pharynx & epiglottis
register :

A

all five modalities

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11
Q

Often added to processed food as ______ which is used as a flavor enhancer.
* Add glutamate taste to promote food consumption
(elderly & ill at risk for malnutrition)

A

monosodium glutamate
(MSG)

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12
Q

The sides of the circumvallate
papilla and the facing wall of
furrow contain _____

A

several taste
buds

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13
Q

The anterior two thirds of
the tongue consist of a core
mass of skeletal muscle
oriented in three directions:

A

longitudinal, transverse,
and oblique

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14
Q

A specific taste sensation
is generated by specific
____

A

taste receptor cells

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15
Q

The dorsal surface of
the tongue is covered
by a nonkeratinized
stratified squamous
epithelium supported
by a lamina propria
associated with the
—

A

muscle core of the
tongue.

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16
Q

Varied compounds with
no common molecular
structure. Examples -
caffeine, morphine &
nicotine.
(what type of tastant)

A

Bitter Tastants

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17
Q

Boundaries of the oral cavity:

A

Oral cavity
bounded by hard
& soft palate
superiorly; tongue
& floor of mouth
inferiorly; teeth
(dental arcade)
anterior & lateral;
oropharynx
posterior

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18
Q

Saliva: ______ stimulation inhibits aqueous secretion => thick, viscous saliva, rich in protein
(e.g., mucus

A

Sympathetic

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19
Q

the four classic
taste sensations

A

Sweet, sour, bitter, and
salty

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20
Q

The basal portion of a
taste receptor cell makes
contact with an afferent nerve
terminal derived from neurons
in the sensory ganglia of:

A

the
facial (CN VII),
glossopharyngeal (CN IX), and
vagus nerves (CN X).

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21
Q

______ undertakes the
selective binding of sapid (flavorful) chemicals and
their transport to taste receptors

A

Von Ebner’s gland protein (VEGP)

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22
Q

Saliva: ____ stimulation => copious, watery saliva

A

Parasympathetic

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23
Q

Functions of saliva—

A
  • Moistens oral mucosa & dry food
  • Provides carrier medium for sense of taste
  • Buffering via high bicarbonate content
  • Digestion of carbohydrates via amylase
  • Immunologic function—secretion of salivary IgA
  • Control of bacterial flora
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24
Q

Mastication involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by
occlusal surfaces of teeth–Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands => _____ for
swallowing (deglutition)

A

bolus

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25
Q

The lining mucosa of the oral mucosa lacks _____

A

stratum corneum

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26
Q

Linked to a specialized receptor for L-glutamate and other
amino acids.
* The distribution of umami receptors is unknown.
* Glutamate is found naturally in meats, cheeses and several
vegetables. Glutamate signals presence of proteins &
causes the intake of proteinious foods

A

Umami

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27
Q

The dorsal surface of the
tongue contains numerous
mucosal projections called:

A

lingual papillae

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28
Q

Enzyme in saliva that converts starch to sugar

A

amylase

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29
Q

Ovoid chemoreceptors
found in fungiform,
foliate & circumvallate
papillae
and on the soft palate,
posterior pharynx and
epiglottis

A

Taste buds

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30
Q

Serous Glands secrete:

A

lingual lipase and VEGP (Von Ebner’s gland protein)

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31
Q

—area
enclosed between
lips & teeth

A

Vestibule

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32
Q

(Salivary Gland) —(located below tongue)
mostly mucous

A

Sublingual

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33
Q

(Salivary Glands) _____ cells surround acini—
contraction aids in secretion of saliva
into ducts

A

Myoepithelial cells

34
Q

_____ in the connective
tissue, in contact with the underlying muscle, are
associated with the foliate & circumvallate papill

A

Serous glands, or Ebner’s glands,

35
Q

A taste bud has three cell
components:

A

(1) taste receptor
cells, (2) supporting cells (or
immature taste cells), and (3)
precursor cells (or basal cells).

36
Q

A fifth taste sensation is _____

A

umami (the
taste of monosodium
glutamate)

37
Q

(Salivary Gland association) _____= Stenson’s duct, opens
within vestibule, opposite upper
2nd molar

A

Parotid duct

38
Q

(Salivary Gland) _____—(located inferior &
medial to ramus of mandible) mixed

A

Submandibular

39
Q

Each lingual papilla is formed
by a ____
tissue core and a covering
layer of stratified squamous
epithelium

A

highly vascular connective

40
Q

Taste buds on the palate register
primarily :

A

bitter & sour

41
Q

The ducts of Ebner’s glands open into the ____

A

floor of the
circular furrows

42
Q

The _____ surface of the
tongue contains numerous
mucosal projections called: lingual papillae

A

dorsal

43
Q

Enzyme in saliva–antibacterial compounds

A

lysozyme

44
Q

Vermillion
border: Color derived
from ____

A

highly
vascular dermis &
thin, overlying
keratinized
epidermis

45
Q

ebner’s glands

A

serous glands

46
Q

The
circumvallate papilla occupies a recess in the mucosa and,
therefore, it is surrounded by a circular furrow or ____

A

trench.

47
Q

Fungiform Papillae – nonkeratinized stratified squamous.
–Taste buds (5) along ___ surface.

A

apical

48
Q

Proteins in saliva cover teeth with ____. It functions as a semipermeable network of
adsorbed salivary macromolecules and provides partial protection against acidic challenges; however, it cannot
completely prevent demineralization of the tooth surface.
–contains ABs that prevent tooth decay

A

acquired pellicle.

49
Q

Oral cavity: responsible for ___, ___, and ___ of food

A

ingestion, fragmentation, &
moistening

50
Q

(Salivary Glands) Serous acini of mixed glands often in
form of ____

A

demilunes

51
Q

3 Major pairs of Salivary Glands:

A

parotid,
submandibular, & sublingual

52
Q

(Salivary Glands) ___ ducts—lined by simple
cuboidal epithelium (secrete HCO3,
resorb Cl)

A

intercalated ducts

53
Q

The most likely model suggest that receptor cells are tuned to
respond to single taste modalities — sweet, bitter, sour, salty or
umami — and are innervated by _____.
In this case, each taste quality is specified by the activity of non-
overlapping cells and fibers

A

individually tuned nerve fibers.

54
Q

(Salivary Gland) ____—(largest gland, located on
cheeks) almost completely serous

A

Parotid

55
Q

According to their shape,
lingual papillae can be divided
into four types:

A

filiform,
fungiform, foliate &
circumvallate.

56
Q

(Salivary Gland) ____ duct opens at sublingual caruncle

A

Submandibular duct (= Wharton’s
duct)

57
Q

Mastication involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by
occlusal surfaces of teeth–Assisted by lips, tongue, & salivary glands => bolus for
____

A

swallowing (deglutition)

58
Q

(Salivary Glands) Numerous smaller, accessory glands
scattered throughout oral mucosa

A

(lingual, labial, buccal, molar &
palatine glands)

59
Q

Intercalated Ducts: Empty into larger ___
(stratified cuboidal or pseudostratified
columnar epithelium)

A

excretory ducts

60
Q

Is the lining mucosa found on
inner cheeks, floor of mouth,
ventral surface of tongue &
soft palate keratininzed or nonkeratinized?

A

nonkeratinized

61
Q

____ also involved in speech, facial expression, sensory
perception & respiration

A

Oral cavity

62
Q

New Taste Modalities: Carbohydrate?
* Found in some
complex
carbohydrates
(vegetables)
* Identified in monkeys
and rabbits

A

Review

63
Q

_____ involves cutting, chewing, & grinding of food by
occlusal surfaces of teeth

A

Mastication

64
Q

—
present in areas of high
abrasion, e.g., gingiva (gums)
& hard palate

A

Masticatory mucosa

65
Q

The dorsal surface of
the tongue is covered
by a ______ supported
by a lamina propria
associated with the
muscle core of the
tongue.

A

nonkeratinized
stratified squamous
epithelium

66
Q

Each lingual papilla is formed
by a highly vascular connective
tissue core and a covering
layer of ____

A

stratified squamous
epithelium

67
Q

_____ receptor that specifically responds to
the flavor + texture of fat.

A

Protein (CD 36) Receptor

68
Q

(Oral mucosa) ________—non-
keratinized mucosa found on
inner cheeks, floor of mouth,
ventral surface of tongue &
soft palate

A

Lining mucosa

69
Q

____ contains water, glycoproteins (e.g., mucus), & proteins, inc:
* Enzymes—amylase, converts starch to sugar; lysozyme, antibacterial compounds
* Ab’s—salivary IgA
* Saliva also high in K, low Na, high bicarbonate (HCO3-)

A

Saliva

70
Q

(Salivary Glands) Larger ___ ducts—simple cuboidal
to columnar epithelium

A

striated

71
Q

(Salivary Glands) T/F: Acini are serous or mucous

A

True

72
Q

Circumvallate (wall-like) papillae are located in the posterior part
of the tongue, aligned in front of the ___

A

sulcus terminalis.

73
Q

T/F Masticatory mucosa can be keratinized or parakeratinized (in between)

A

True

74
Q

Serous Glands: Produce von Ebner
gland (VEG) protein
(VEGP, ebnerin) that binds to
_____
molecules. Concentrate
and transport.

A

taste-producing molecules

75
Q

Ducts of serous
glands (von Ebner’s)
empty into ____

A

moat

76
Q

________ is found naturally in meats, cheeses and several
vegetables. Glutamate signals presence of _____ &
causes the intake of proteinious foods

A

Glutamate & proteins

77
Q

Compound (branched) glands—
secretory unit is ___

A

acinus

78
Q

Also functions to facilitate the
uptake of fatty acids (mice
release fat-digesting enzymes &
increase intestinal fat
absorption when they taste fat)
* May also possibly increase the
preference for fatty foods

A

Fat (CD36)

79
Q

____ papillae are located in the posterior part
of the tongue, aligned in front of the sulcus terminalis.

A

Circumvallate (wall-like) papillae

80
Q

Serous and mucous glands extend across the lamina
propria and the muscle. Their ducts open into the
____ and furrows of the lingual tonsils and
circumvallate papillae

A

crypts

81
Q

Fungiform Papillae – (describe what type of tissue)
–Taste buds (5) along apical surface

A

nonkeratinized stratified squamous.

Histology Exam 3 (11 decks)

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