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Histology Exam 3 > Exam 3 Final > Flashcards

Exam 3 Final Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Periodontal Ligament derived from?

A

Dental Follicle

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2
Q

Which one of these is not apart of the enamel organ

A

odontoblasts

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3
Q

Which develop first between ameloblasts and odontoblasts?

A

ameloblasts?

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4
Q

What differentiates first in early bell stage of odontogenesis? Ameloblast or odontoblast

A

ameloblast

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5
Q

T/F: : ameloblasts and enamel organ start degenerating after the eruption

A

true

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6
Q

Which cell has a receptor for calcitonin in order to stop bone reabsorption?

A

Osteoclasts

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7
Q

What cells secrete calcitonin?

A

Parafollicular/C Cells

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8
Q

What cells secrete PTH?

A

Chief Cells

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9
Q

ID chief cells

A

!

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10
Q

the secretory ends of ameloblasts form what processes?

A

Tome’s Processes

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11
Q

What is an auerbach plexus and where is it located?

A
  1. Parasympathetic Ganglion located between inner circular and outer longitudinal (muscularis externa)
  2. Parasympathic=excitatory stimulation of smooth muscle of gut
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12
Q

Damage to an auerbach plexus would result in what?

A

decreased GI motility

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13
Q

B12 is not absorbed..what gastic cell is likely inactivated?

A

Parietal Cells: Intrinsic Factor absorped Vitaminb12

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14
Q

Tubes lines with cuboidal epithelium that are for secreting bicarbonate and water (resorb cl)

A

Intercalated ducts

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15
Q

Which cell of the DCT work with acid-base balance and secrete bicarbonate?

A

Intercalated cell

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16
Q
  1. Which pancreatic secretion doesn’t secrete in its active form?
A

Trypsin and Chymosin

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17
Q

Which stimulates and releases bile from the gall bladder?

A

Ckk
(CCK stimulates contraction of the Gall Bladder (stores and concentrates bile) )

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18
Q

What cell of the islet of Langerhans secrete glucagon?

A

Alpha (a) cells

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19
Q

What does the secretion of alpha cells do?

A

increase Blood Sugar

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20
Q

What is the role of Brunner’s glands?

A

secrete Alkaline Mucuous to protect walls against acidic PH

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21
Q

What is the mucosa of the small intestine?

A
  1. (absorptive in small intestine…absorbing digested nutrients)
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22
Q

What is the mucosa of the large intestine?

A

Absorptive/Protective in large intestine…specializes in water absorption and mucous secretion)

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23
Q

Where is protective mucosa found?

A
  1. (Protective in OC, pharynx, esophagus, anal canal…strat squam)
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24
Q

What epithelium in the esophagus?

A

Stratified squamous epithelium: non keratinized

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25
Gastric ulcers. What is disturbed?
Gastric Mucosa
26
What occurs when H. Pylori infect the inestines?
Attack the mucosal layer of the stomach lining--disrupting the linked enterocyte formation
27
What secretes the precursor for pepsin?
Chief cells --secrete pepsinogen (in parathyroid gland)
28
What cells secrete antibacterial proteins like defensins and lysozyme?
Paneth Cells
29
What hormone is associated with Cushing disease?
excess cortisol secretion (high ACTH)
30
Graves diseases associate with what?
TSH
31
Celiac disease results in folds in the small intestine due to __
degenerate villi (causes villus blunting, atrophy, and loss)
32
What stops gastric secretion & stimulates smooth m contraction of stomach?
Secretin secreted by the S Cells
33
25. What hormone stimulates GH and increases appetite?
Ghrelin
34
Somatotropin (GH) stimulates ____ which coordinates food intake with GH secretion)
Ghrelin
35
What organ is responsible for breakdowns? Resoprtion of water and electrolytes. Produces mucus for elimination of undigested food and waste
colon/large intestine
36
Fiber increase GI motility and decreases ___ cancer
colon
37
** review portal lobule pictures **
!
38
What are the 3 functions of the gastric mucosa?
Absorption, secretion, protection
39
T/F: Peristalysis is a function of the gastric mucosa
false
40
Where is oxytocin secreted from?
synthesized by neuron cell bodies in Paraventricular Nucleus of Hypothalamus
41
Where is ADH secreted from?
SUpraoptoic Nucleus of Hypothalamus
42
Oxytocin and ADH are what kind of hormones?
Posterior pituitary hormones
43
Fat storing cells w/ lipid droplets for storing vitamin A and D
Ito (stellate) cells
44
1. In liver injury: become capable of synthesizing collagen 1, 3, 4 and laminin)
Ito (stellate) cells
45
Which cells are phagocytic in the liver?
Kupffer cell
46
Order of the filtration barrier ending at urinary pole
Afferent->fenestrated capillaries-> basal lamina--> podocytes of visceral layer of bowman's capsule--> urinary space
47
Which controls osmotic pressure?
loop of henle
48
Loop of henle controls osmotic pressure via ___
Countercurrent multiplier system
49
What is the primary site of H20 resorption (removing 75% h20 + cl and Na)
Proximal Convoluted Tubules
50
which salivary gland opens opposite of the upper second molar?
Parotid Gland (Parotid Duct) ...serous
51
Which salivay gland located inferior and medial to ramus of mandible?
Submandibular (mixed)
52
Which cells have Baroreceptors for bp?
Juxtaglomerular cells
53
Juxtaglomerular cells secrete:
Renin
54
Where is aldosterone secreted?
Zona Glomerulosa
55
Which hormone does the pars intermedia produce?
MSH & proopiomelanocortin
56
Anterior pituitary hormone that stimulated the production of melanin
MSH (of pars intermedia)
57
Which forms the Peritubular capillary network and drains glomerulus?
Efferent arterioles
58
This organ translates light intensity and duration (photoperiod) into endocrine activity
pineal gland
59
What makes LH and FSH?
Gonadotrophs
60
Describe roles of FSH and LH
1. FSH: stim ov foll dev and estrogen sec of androgen bind prot (Sertoli cells) 2. LH: helps control menstrual cycle & trigger release of egg (Gonatotrophs)
61
Calcitonin is released in response to:
high serum Calcium levels (secreted by C cells/parafollicular cells)
62
What is present on the visceral layer of the glomerulus or bowman’s capsule?
Podocytes
63
Which papilla lacks taste buds?
Filiform
64
What glands are associated with circulate and foliate papilla to suspend taste molecules?
Von Ebner's
65
What enzyme in the oral cavity aids in breaking down carbohydrates?
Amylase
66
Amylase in Zymogen Granules of ____ Cells of exocrine pancreases
Acinar
67
stimulation of acinar cells via ___…duodenum sec
CKK
68
What is present in the submucosal layer of the GI tract?
The parasympathetic ganglia and meissners plexus
69
___ ganglion in the submucosa excite the muscle to contract
Parasympathetic
70
49. A histological segment has brunners glands, which part of the intestine are you in?
Submucosa of Duodenum
71
ID Brunner's glands
! (in submucosa of duodenum)
72
What cells secrete Gastrin?
G Cells == enteroendocrine cells
73
Function of the large intestine
reabsorb vitamin and water
74
odontoblasts are derived from
dental papilla/mesodermal
75
REVIEW PORTAL LOBULE IMAGES
76
ID an esophagus based on muscularis externa-- looking for upper third
voluntary skeletal muscle
77
ID an esophagus based on muscularis externa-- middle third
skeletal and smooth muscle
78
ID an esophagus based on muscularis externa-- lower third
smooth muscle only
79
Graves disease associated with
TSH
80
ID Chief cells and C Cells
(Chief secrete PTH) (Parafollicular/C Cells secrete Calcitonin)
81
TSH is a basophil screted by
Thyrotrophs
82
Prolactin is a ___
mammotroph

Histology Exam 3 (11 decks)

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