Opioids

Question 1

Opiate reversals

Answer 1

Naloxone, Naltrexone (longer acting), and Methyl naltrexone(doesn’t cross blood brain barrier)

Question 2

Opiate

• Weak mu agonist
• Schedule 4 drug
• Lower side effects than other opiates

Answer 2

Tramadol

Question 3

Opiate

• Very high affinity, difficult to reverse, long duration of action
• Minimal sedation, minimal respiratory suppression
• Transmembranous absorption is common use, specially in cats

Answer 3

Buprenorphine

Question 4

Opiate

• Mu antagonist, kappa agonist
• Sedation longer than analgesia
• Weak analgesic but more sedative effects than other opiates–> not good for pain control
• Ceiling effect on respiratory depression

Answer 4

Butorphenol

Question 5

Opiate

• Short duration of action
• Usually given in IV bolus, infusion
• Or in transdermal patches
  
  • Absorption varies by species–> higher absorption = sooner effect, lasts 72hrs after taking effect due to slow continuous absorption
  • Cat>dog
• Acute pain management

Answer 5

Phentanyl

Question 6

Opiate

• No histamine release
• Can cause hyperthermia in cats

Answer 6

Hydromorphone

Question 7

Opiate

• Mu agonist and NMDA receptor antagonist–> useful to prevent wind up
• No histamine release or vomiting

Answer 7

Methadone

Question 8

Opiate

• Cheap and effective
• Does cause histamine release and vomiting

Answer 8

Morphine