GI and Liver Therapeutics

Question 1

Antiemetic

- Block A2 adrenergic receptors 
- Inexpensive 
- Cause sedation, hypotension

Answer 1

Phenothiazine

Question 2

Antiemetic

- Dopamine antagonist blocks effects of compounds triggering chemoreceptors 
- -Increased upper GI motility, no effect on colonic motility
- Excitability at high doses

Answer 2

Metaclopramide

Question 3

Antiemetic

Seratonin inhibitor

Answer 3

Ondansetron and dolansetron

Question 4

Antiemetic

• NK1 receptor antagonist
• Blocks receptors in peripheral nerves, trigger zones and vomiting center
  - Acute or chronic vomiting, controls post chemo vomiting
  - Blocks vestibular input at higher doses
  - Blocks visceral pain

Answer 4

Maropitant = Cerenia

Question 5

Gastric Ulcer Treatment
Proton pump inhibitor
		-Irreverseably binds ATP-ase 
		-Takes 3-5 days for max effect 
		-Used for significant ulcer disease, or esophageal disease

Answer 5

Omeprazole and Pantroprazole

Question 6

Gastric Ulcer Treatment
Antacid
	-Binds ulcer creating barrier 
				-Neutralizes acid 
				-Increased mucus synthesis, increased prostaglandin E, increased epidermal growth factor

Answer 6

Sucralfate

Question 7

Acts at seratonin receptor

- Treat GI motility, hypomotility, feline megacolon, atonic urinary bladder
	- Compounding pharmacy
	- More potent than metaclopramide

Answer 7

Cisapride

Question 8

Acts at Motilin receptor

-Upper GI motility increased, may work on canine or equine lower GI

Answer 8

Erythromycin

Question 9

Gastric Ulcer Treatment

• Block acid production
• Block H2 receptor
  - Promote ulcer healing
  - Competitive inhibition

Answer 9

Famotidine

Question 10

Decrease GI Motility
Opioid
-Crosses blood brain barrier–> regulated

Answer 10

Diphenoxylate = lomotil

Question 11

Decrease GI Motility
Opioid
	-Doesn't cross blood brain barrier 
	-Over the counter 
	-Can be used in cats 
	-Should not be used in collies with p glycoprotein defects

Answer 11

Loperamide = imodium

Question 12

• Antisecretory, antibacterial, anti-prostaglandin effects
  
  • Potential toxicity in cats
  • Loses taste if kept cold: refrigerate

Answer 12

Bismuth subsalicylate = pepto bismol

Question 13

Inflammatory Bowel Disease treatment

- Can cause dry eye
- Works in colon

Answer 13

Sulfasalizine

Question 14

Inflammatory Bowel Disease treatment

- No dry eye 
- Reaches higher colonic levels than sulfasalizine

Answer 14

Olsalazine

Question 15

Laxative

-Wetting agent for material in intestine

Answer 15

DSS = dioctyl sodium

Question 16

Laxative

-Osmotic

Answer 16

Miralax and Lactylose

Question 17

Hydrophilic bide acid–> non-toxic to tissues, has hepatoprotective effects

	- Increases bile flow = choleresis 
	- Antiinflammatory 
	- Antioxidant

Answer 17

Ursodiol

Question 18

Copper chelator

Answer 18

Penicillamine

Question 19

Antifibrotic

Answer 19

Losartan