Injectable anesthetics Flashcards
1
Q
Neurosteroid
- Not very water soluble–> Cyclodextran is solvent
- GABA A agonist–> decrease neuron activity
- Doesn’t last long once mixed up: don’t store more than six hours
- Respiratory depression, decreased cardiac output, but less side effects than propafol
A
Alphaxalone
2
Q
Barbituate
- Used more in research, for seizure control and euthanasia
- Give half of dose quickly, second half more slowly = bolus drug
- Irritating, will cause tissue sloughing if not given IV
A
Pentobarbitol
3
Q
Barbituate
- Ultra short acting: 10 to 30 min of anesthesia, but halflife of 7 hours: redistribution from brain to skeletal muscle–> Long recovery if given multiple boluses
- Very alkaline pH = long shelf life, but very irritating–> can cause muscle sloughing if not given IV
- Greyhounds metabolize slower–> longer recoveries
- Dose dependent respiratory depression and decrease in cardiac output: decreases size of breath and respiratory rate
- Sensitizes myocardium to catecholamines–> can cause arrhythmias: lasts after patient wakes up, while drug is still being metabolized
A
Thiopentol
4
Q
Dissociative anesthetic = changes the way neuro signals are processed rather than suppressing them
- Anesthetic and analgesic(low dose)
- Rapid onset of action: 15-20min duration of action
- Doesn’t depress respiration much
- Stimulates sympathetic nervous system: hear rate, cardiac output, BP tend to stay up
- Causes muscle rigidity–> usually give with muscle relaxants
- Increases ocular pressure–> don’t use in patients with glaucoma
- Increases blood flow to brain–> don’t give to animals with brain issues that would be aggravated by increased pressure in brain
- Heart patients which cannot tolerate increased heart rate in ventricles should not be given
A
Ketamine
5
Q
Injectable anesthetic
- In lipid emulsion
- Give IV
- Very short duration of action: 15min–> Fast recovery: fast clearance by liver, and extrahepatic metabolism
- No excitement phase
- Causes marked vasodilation and decreased heart rate
- Recoveries in cats take a long time because they can’t glucuronidate
A
Propafol
6
Q
Injectable anesthetic
- Use in critically ill patients with heart disease
- Least effect on heart
- Very short duration of action
- Stings a lot, can cause lysis of RBC
- Can suppress adrenocortical function
A
Etomidade
