Antifungals

Question 1

Polyene

• Binds to ergosterol
• Fungicidal

• Gold standard antifungal

• No GI absorption

• Doesn’t enter CNS

• Accumulates in liver kidneys and lungs
• Lipid formulations–> taken up by macrophages and transported to site of infection

• Synergystic with flucytosine—> don’t need to use as much
• Nephrotoxicity


Answer 1

Amphoteracin B

Question 2

Azole

• Can penetrate CNS
• Has lower side effects

Answer 2

Fluconazole

Question 3

Azole

• Can penetrate CNS
• Broad spectrum, can be used in eye

Answer 3

Voriconazole

Question 4

Azole

• Can’t penetrate CNS
• Inhibits mammalian p450 enzymes–> supresses adrenal or gonadal steroid production–> don’t use in pregnant animals

Answer 4

Ketaconazole

Question 5

Azole

• Can’t penetrate CNS
• Can cause dermatitis, or hepatic toxicosis

Answer 5

Itraconazole

Question 6

• Fungistatic

• Inhibits mitosis

• Works very slowly
• Distributes to keratin precursor cells of skin, hair and nails

• Metabolized by liver
  
  • Glucuronidated–> longer half life in cats
• Long halflife at site of action

• Leukpenia ad anemia may occur in kittens receiving high doses
• Don’t use in pregnant animals
• Don’t use in food animals

Answer 6

Griseofulvin