Ocean resources Flashcards
what did truman do
1954, extended US control of marine resources
what happened in geneva
1958/60, said nations who owned nearest land owns resources/bed, made treaties
exclusive economic zone
extend 200 nautical miles or if bigger then to end of continental shelf
how much ocean do they have
40%
where are they
around countries
what happened at UN convention
1982, coastal nations manag territorial waters, extend 12 nautical miles
hydrocarbons
hydrogen/carbon, oil/gas, from sediments containing dead organisms
oil/gas
first oil then turned to methane, oil/gas is moved by pressure up rock to porous rock then moves to less dense rock where its stored in impermeable layer
what rock is oil/gas stored in
sandstone
how to detect oil/gas
seismic reflection
gas hydrates
frozen water molecules trap methane and store it in poles
sand/gravel
high energy environments, buildings, collecting materials can disturb ecosystems
manganese nodules
iron oxide/manganese, can be copper/cobalt/nickel, tropics
cobalt
found on seamount islands
phosporus
from decaying organisms, needed for growth
where’s phosphorus found
submarine terraces
fish
found in upwelling areas, lots or nutrients, caught by sonar/satellites
fish types
pelagic (water column), ground (bottom)
UN convention
1989, said nets larger than 2.5km aren’t allowed but hard to enforce
mariculture
breed things larger to get more food, salmon/oysters, need to be disease resistant
