Observing Microorganisms Through a Microscope

Question 1

Light Microscopy ?

Answer 1

any microscope that uses visible light

Question 2

series of lenses and visible light

Answer 2

Compound Light Scope

Question 3

How do you find total magnification?

Answer 3

Objective x Ocular

Question 4

ability of a lens to distinguish 2 points as separate

Answer 4

Resolution

Question 5

measure of the light bending ability of a medium

Answer 5

Refractive Index

Question 6

field of vision is illuminated

Answer 6

Brightfield illumination

Question 7

Disc on scope blocks light and limits what enters object
background is dark and specimen appears light
used to examine unstained organisms

Answer 7

Darkfield Microscopy

Question 8

Allows examination of internal structures in living org.
Does not require “Fixing”
Requires 2 light rays, one is defracted or bent
specimens show in shades of gray and black

Answer 8

Phase Contrast Microscopy

Question 9

a prism splits light adding color to the specimen the image appears 3D

Answer 9

Differential Interference Contrast Microscopy

Question 10

specimen absorbs UV light and gives off visible light

Answer 10

Flourescence Microscopy

Question 11

used to view objects smaller the .2um - requires a beam of electrons rather than a beam of light

Answer 11

Electron Microscopy

Question 12

image made from the telescope . magnification is 10,000 to 100,000

Answer 12

Micrograph

Question 13

platinum or gold spray is applied one side of specimen creating shadow

Answer 13

Shadow Casting

Question 14

kills and distorts specimen , requires very thin section of specimen

Answer 14

Negatives

Question 15

coloring the specimen with dye to emphasize structures

Answer 15

staining

Question 16

uses heat - kills microbes, attaches to slide, preserves some cell structures

Answer 16

Fixed

Question 17

thin film of material containing the specimen - must air dry

Answer 17

Smear

Question 18

consists of 1 positive and 1 negative ion, one has color and is called the chromophore

Answer 18

Stain

Question 19

uses single basic dye
cellular structure visible and shape
Mordant - increases the affinity of a stain

Answer 19

Simple Stains

Question 20

Primary stain - crystal violet
Mordant - iodine
Decolorizing Agent - alcohol
Counterstain - safranin

Answer 20

Gram Stain

Question 21

stains bind to bacteria that have waxy substance in cell wall
identify : myobacterium tuberculosis and Myobacterium leprae
Carbolfuschin is applied to fixed smear
methylene nlue is counter stain for negative

Answer 21

Acid Fast Stain

Question 22

used to stain specific parts of an organism

Answer 22

Special Stains

Question 23

bacteria mixed with India ink or nigrosin for background and then simple stain

Answer 23

Negative Stain

Question 24

gelatinous covering on some bacteria

Answer 24

Capsule

Question 25

degree to which a pathogen can cause a disease

Answer 25

Virulence

Question 26

malachite green

Answer 26

Endospore Stain

Question 27

carbolfuschin and mordant build diameter

Answer 27

Flagella stain