CH. 18 Applications of immunology Flashcards
Vaccine
suspension of organisms or organism parts used to induce immunity.
Who was the first to treat smallpox with cowpox through variolation?
Jenner.
Who was the first to use to the term “vaccine”?
Pasteur
Attenuated whole-agent vaccines
a. uses living but attenuated microbes.
b. provides life-long protection due to formation of memory cells.
What do attenuated whole-agent vaccines treat?
Polio, MMR, TB, Typhoid.
What is the danger of attenuated whole-agent vaccines?
Weakened virus may mutate to a virulent form.
What type of vaccine uses microbes that have been killed?
Inactivated Whole Agent Vaccines
Inactivated Whole Agent Vaccines treat what?
Flu, 2nd type of Polio vaccine, rabies, pneumonia, cholera, pertussis.
Toxoids
Inactivated toxins.
What do toxoids treat?
Tetanus, Diphtheria
What type of vaccine requires a series of injections and boosters after?
Toxoids
Subunit Vaccines
Use only portions of the pathogen most likely to stimulate an immune response.
Subunit Vaccines treat what?
Hepatitis.
What type of vaccine cannot reproduce in the recipient and have fewer side effects?
Subunit Vaccines
What is a Conjugated Vaccine?
Polysaccharides are combined with foreign antigen to stimulate an immune response in small children as their immune system is not completely developed until 24 months.
