Obesity

Question 1

Obesity - basics

What is visceral fat?

Answer 1

fat in body cavities and around organs

Question 2

What body shape is referring to visceral fat

Answer 2

apple

Question 3

Why is visceral fat harmful

Answer 3

secretes hormones that act on liver, appetitie, endotheium etc

Question 4

What body shape refers to subcutaneous fat

Answer 4

pear shaped

SC fat less harmful

Question 5

How has the mdical focus around obesity treatment changed

Answer 5

shifted to focus on improving patient centred health outcomes instead of just weight loss

Question 6

How is obesity defined?

3

Answer 6

complex chronic disease where excess fat impairs health, reduces lifespan, and increases long term complications

Question 7

What BMI is considered overweight

Answer 7

> 30

Question 9

Which 4 conditions does obesity predispose someone to?

Answer 9

T2DM
Gallbladder disease
NAFLD
Gout

Question 10

What should providers ask before discussing obesity with patients

Answer 10

for permission

Question 11

What are the 5A’s to discussing obesity

Answer 11

Ask permission
Assess the story
Advice on management
Adjunctive treatment options
Agree on Goals
Assist with barriers

Question 12

What is BMI not great to identify

Answer 12

adiposity related complications

Question 13

What is waist circumference independently associated with

Answer 13

increased CV risk

Question 14

What 5 things should be included when diagnosing obesity

Answer 14

BMI
Waist circumference
history to ID root causes
physical exam
labs

Question 15

What labs and measurements should be taken to dx obesity

4

Answer 15

• BP
• Fasting glucose/A1C
• lipid panel
• liver enzymes to assess for NAFLD

Question 16

What can you use to stage obesity

Answer 16

The Edmonton obesity staging system

Question 17

What factors does the Edmonton obesity staging system use?

Answer 17

Risk factors for obesity
Physical symptoms/limitations
Psychological symptoms

Question 18

How does the Edmonton obesity staging system guide treatment

2

Answer 18

Guides what treatments to initiate and things to investigate

Question 19

How much weight loss improves the metabolic profile of a patient

Answer 19

3-5%

Question 20

How does exercise help obesity

3

Answer 20

small amts weight and fat loss
improve CV health
weight maintenance after loss

Question 21

When should pharmacotherapy be used for obesity

Answer 21

BMI 30+ or BMI 27+ with complications

Question 22

How can you best help indigenous people with obesity

Answer 22

build trust to overcoe mistrust in health care

Question 23

When is bariatric surgery indicated

Answer 23

BMI 35+ with 1+ major complications

complications: T2DM, HTN, dyslipidemia, NAFLD etc

Question 24

What are the 4 meds to treat obesity in Canada

Answer 24

Orlistat
Liraglutide
Maltrexone/Bupropion
Semaglutide