Nutritional Assessment Flashcards
What are the at risk groups for malnutrition?
patients with chronic diseases
the elderly
recently discharged from hospital
poor or socially isolated
What are the components of a dietary history?
age and mobility pregnancy and lactation appetite and weightloss type of diet alcohol and smoking acute/chronic illness current medication socioeconomic - employment, living situation psychological - lonely, stress, anxiety, eating disorders
What kind of questions would you ask in a dietary history?
how often do you eat out?
do you exercise regularly?
have you been eating more/less than normal?
have you noticed any weightless recently?
do you use sauces on your food?
how much salt do you put on/in your food?
do you get many takeaways?
how do you cook? - boil, fry
do you take supplements?
How do you take a skin fold test
use callipers take all measurements on the right side dry and lotion free skin do not measure directly after exercise pinch with fingers and put callipers around it
where do you take skin folds on a female?
tricep - vertical
thigh - vertical
iliac - diagonal
where do you take skin folds on a male?
chest - diagonal
abdominal - vertical
thigh - vertical
what are the steps in MUST?
BMI unplanned weightloss in the last 3-6 months acute disease effect overall rik management guidelines
How is BMI calculated?
weight/height (squared)
weight in kg
height in m
what is the points systems for MUST
BMI
- > 20 = 2
- 18.5 - 20 = 1
- <18.5 = 0
Unplanned weightloss
- <5% = 0
- 5-10% = 1
- > 10% = 2
acute disease effect score
- acutely ill and likely to be no nutritional intake >5 days = 2
overall risk (add together)
- 0 = low
- 1 = medium
- 2 = high
what are the management guidelines for MUST
0 - repeat scan weekly in hospital. repeat scan monthly in care. repeat scan annually in the community
1 - document intake for 3 days
2 - refer
how do you measure MUAC, what are the minimum values?
tape measure around middle of upper arm
female min - 22 cm
male min - 25cm
how do you measure height?
without shoes
back to scale
horizontal on max height
in metres
how do you measure weight?
balance scales
without shoes
indoor clothing
increase in 10kg steps until reach >true weight
reduce by 10kg then go up in small increments to find balance point
how to measure waist:hip ratio?
tape measure
hip at widest part
waist at belly button or just above
what are the components of the dietary assessment?
past medical history
family history
social history
dietary data collection (either: 24 hr recall questionnaire, diary)
