Gastrointestinal Examination Flashcards
1
Q
What position is the patient in?
A
Lying flat
But sit up to start with
2
Q
What are the main stages of the exam?
A
General Inspection Hands Arms Head and Neck Chest Inspection Abdominal Inspection Palpation Percussion Auscultation
3
Q
What are you looking for during the general inspection?
A
Anxiety Distress Sweaty Pallor Signs of liver disease Scars Lifestyle signs
4
Q
What are you looking for when examining the hands and arms?
A
Clubbing Kolionychia Leukonychia Palmar erythema Dupuytren's Hepatic flap Bruising Petechiae Excoriations Needle tracks Radial artery - rate, rhythm and respiratory rate
5
Q
What are you looking for when examining the head and neck?
A
Yellow deposits Pallor Jaundice Oral candidiasis Ulcers Inflammation Lymph nodes - cervical and axillary Virchow's node
6
Q
What are you looking at during the chest inspection?
A
Spider naevi
Gynaecomastia
Hair loss
7
Q
What are you looking for during the abdominal inspection?
A
Scars Masses Pulsation Distention (ask to push out) Cullen's Grey-turner's Striae Medusae Stomas
8
Q
What are you palpating and how?
A
9 regions Light - tenderness, rebound, masses, guarding Deep - assess masses Liver Murphy's sign Spleen Kidneys Aorta Bladder
9
Q
What are you percussing?
A
Liver
Spleen
Bladder
Shifting dullness
10
Q
What are you listening for and where, during auscultation?
A
Bowel sounds - three in the lower ab lines
Bruits - either side of the umbilicus
