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PH 162 > Nutritional Anemia > Flashcards

Nutritional Anemia Flashcards

1
Q

Enum two mechanisms of anemia

A

Low reticulocyte count

Decreased red cell survival

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2
Q

Micronutrient that is deficient in microcytic anemia

A

Iron

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3
Q

Condition of microcytic anemia that is secondary to globin chains

A

Thalassemia

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4
Q

Condition of macrocytic anemia that is secondary to bone marrow disorders

A

Myelodysplasia

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5
Q

Micronutrients that are deficient in macrocytic anemia

A

VitB12

Folate

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6
Q

Anemia depicting decrease in all blood cell lines. Including RBC.

A

Normocytic

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7
Q

What supplement do doctors give aside fr vitamins, when anemia cause is unk?

A

Ferrosulfate

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8
Q

Transport form of iron going to peripheral tissues

A

Blood transferrin

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9
Q

Stored forms of iron at body. Enumerate.

A

Ferritin

Hemosiderin

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10
Q

Iron store at blood:how many grams?

A

2.5

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11
Q

Circulating heme store at blood:how many grams? Give range.

A

2-2.5

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12
Q

Myoglobin, heme in cytochrome, ferrosome for complexes- store at blood:how many grams?

A

~ 0.3 grams

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13
Q

Lab tests done to test anemia: enumerate

A

CBC with differential
Peripheral smears
Reticulocyte count

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14
Q

80% of body’s iron is fr what system?

A

Reticulocyte endothelial system

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15
Q

Most readily absorbed form of iron

A

Heme iron

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16
Q

Vegetarians have 50% reduced Fe absorbe due to these two substances in certain vegetables

A

Phytate and phosphate

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17
Q

Vitamin that increases absorbed iron fr plants

A

Vit C

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18
Q 
Which is not a sign of iron deficiency?
A.spooning of nails
B.conjunctival pallor
C.cheilosis
D.lack of clotting factors
A

D

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19
Q

Extremely high hemoglobin and hematocrit.usually seen in high altitude areas

A

Polycythemia vera

20
Q

Anemia that is Due to impaired DNA synthesis + lower cell div. leading to larger RBC

A

Megaloblastic anemia

21
Q

Receptor for attachment in salivary fluid; for VitB12 absorption

A

R-binder

22
Q

What splits R-B12 to form IF-B12

A

Protease

23
Q

IF factor receptor is in the __, and it is for attachment

A

Ileum

24
Q

Which cells in the stomach produce intrinsic factor?

A

Gastric parietal cells

25
Q

Which is not a consequence of Cobalamin Deficiency?
A. Too much IF
B. Mucosal cells problem
C. Autoinmune disease vs parietal cells

A

A

Too little dapat

26
Q

Test measuring B12 deficiency, detect abnormal results in patients with genetic defect

A

Schilling test

27
Q

Which has more severe GI manif?
A. Folate deficiency
B. Vit B12 deficiency
C. Equal

A

A

28
Q 
Which does not happen due to folate deficiency?
A. Severe neuro abnormalities
B. Hyposegmented neutrophils
C. Increase in mean cell volume
D. Decrease in hemoglobin
A

B

Hyper dapat

29
Q

Folate draws away B12 from neurologic system for RBC Prod. T or F?

A

T

30
Q

Diagnostic test for folate deficiency

A

Detect via RBC Folate

31
Q

Number of RBC/oxygen-carrying capacity is insuff for physio needs. What is this?

A

Anemia

32
Q

how much can females lose in terms of Fe @ menstrual period? give range

A

4-37mg/menstrual

cycle

33
Q

Fe absorption takes place in the mucosa of the __

A

proximal small intestine

34
Q

3 CAUSES OF IRON DEFICIENCY - ENUM

A
  1. Increased demand for iron and/or hematopoiesis
  2. Increased iron losses
  3. Decreased iron intake or absorption
35
Q

Treatment of Iron Deficiency: enum 3 methods

A

RBC transfusion (for blood loss)
Oral Iron Therapy
Parenteral Iron

36
Q

Enumerate three substances used for oral iron therapy

A

ferrous sulfate
ferrous fumarate
ferrous gluconate

37
Q

this parasite is involved in competition for cobalamin

A

Diphyllobothrium latum

38
Q 
false about pernicious anemia
A.most common cause of cobalamin deficiency
B.caused by the absence of IF
C.atrophy of mucosa
D.autoimmune destruction of chief cells
A

D

parietal dapat

39
Q

False about Stage 1 of Schilling test
A.oral dose of radiolabeled cobalamin given
simultaneously with an IM injection unlabeled
cobalamin
B.amount of radiolabeled activity is measured in feces
C.normal: > 7%

A

B

urine dapat

40
Q

false about Schilling test, Stage 2
A. if Stage 1 is abnormal, then test is repeated following
60 mg of oral IF
B. if the level of urinary radiolabeled B12 normalizes,
then this indicates microcytic anemia

A

B

41
Q

False about Schilling test, Stage 3
A. large intestine bacterial overgrowth may cause B12
malabsorption
B. small intestine bacterial overgrowth may be due to abnormal result in Stage 1 that
is not corrected with IF administration in Stage 2
C. broad spectrum antibiotics are given for one week to
eliminate intestinal bacteria

A

A

small dapat

42
Q

False about Schilling test,Stage 4
A. if pancreatic insufficiency exists, B12 malabsorption
may occur
B. normalization after pancreatic enzyme therapy
suggests pancreatic origin
C. Both are true

A

C

43
Q 
sprue - medical condition that causes \_\_ malabsorption
A.folate
B.vit B12
C.iron
D.Vit A
A

A

44
Q 
phenytoin, barbiturates, ethanol cause \_\_ malabsorption
A.folate
B.vit B12
C.iron
D.Vit A
A

A

45
Q

in folate deficiency, what is formed first?
A.macroovalocytes
B.hypersegmented neutrophils
C.they are formed at the same time

A

B

46
Q

@ FOLATE DEFICIENCY: peripheral blood and bone marrow biopsy look exactly like B12 deficiency. What is usually seen?

A

PMN, large RBC

PH 162 (25 decks)

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