Nutrition 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Gestion du poids: l’approche holistique

A

centrés sur la sante du patient plutôt qu’autour de la perte de poids

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2
Q

Les personnes en surpoids à risque ce sont des personnes avec

A

Glycémie élevé
Embonpoint abdominal
Hypertension artérielle
Hypertriglycéridémie (LDL)
HDL sous le seuil souhaitable

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3
Q

Diete nutritive de perte modérée

A

3 à 5 % du poids corporel
however this is maintenue à long terme
(in cotrast to short term diets)

Effet significatif, surtout si la perte se situe au niveau
de l’abdomen

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4
Q

Is IMC a good measurement of weight loss?

A

No

Gain in muscle is healthy but that will not change the observed weight

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5
Q

poids naturel (poids d’équilibre, poids optimal)

A

Healthy individual weight:

Le poids naturel ou optimal se stabilise sans régime,
sans restriction et avec l’exercice nécessaire pour
demeurer en forme physique et mentale

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6
Q

Pourquoi la restriction calorique inappropriée n’est pas
efficace à long terme?

A

Le corps réagit par une série d’adaptations

ex:
**Diminution de l’énergie dépensée **
Often a reduced metabolic rate to use less energy wich ultimetly will be terrible when the patient starts eating again as they will not only gain initial weight but gain even more
**Diminution de la thermogénèse **induite par les aliments

->** Effect de YO-YO**

Augmentation de l’appétit

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7
Q

What is the difference of bad diet vs good diet?

A

Bad: restriction énergétique inappropriée
Good: changements progressifs, durables ds nos comportements

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8
Q

Jeûne intermittent (JI), what it is and unwatend effects

A

consiste à insérer des périodes de jeûnes en alternance à des périodes de consommation alimentaire

JI is just another forme de restriction énergétique -> still not good

Side effects:
Rage de faim, nausée
Irritabilité, difficulté de concentration
Fatigue, somnolence, maux de tête
Déshydratation, constipation
Anxiété, obsession de la nourriture
Étourdissement, hypoglycémie, hypotension

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9
Q

What is the switch of the liver due to a nutrition restriction?

A

The liver switches to produce corps cetonique and uses that to feed the brain

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10
Q

Diète cétogène what it is and side effects:

A

La plus restrictive des diètes faibles en glucides

Low carb no sugarsss
nutritionnellement inadéquates!!

Goal is to use lipids as a source of energy -> which created ketone bodies

Side effects:
Déficience en fibres ==== Constipation

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11
Q

Do people actaully follow a right keto diet?

A

According to a meta analysis -> NO

To be in keto, diet must consist of less than 10% carbs
These people are low in carbs but not in keto

In fact, a diet that is low in lipids has no significant difference to that of keto diet so not the right approach

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12
Q

L’alimentation méditerranéenne

A

Très limité en : Viande rouge
ne limite pas la consommation mais gras insaturés (exam)
Grande variété d’aliments d’origine végétale
Variété de poissons

La première prescription à l’Institut de cardiologie de Montréal:

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13
Q

Végétalisme vs Véganisme

A

Végétalisme
Véganisme

Both are no animal products in food but Veganisme also says NO ANIMAL PRODUCTS ON CLOTHES (more extreme)

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14
Q

What is the only source of fibers?

A

VEGETAL ONLY

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15
Q

IS a vegeteran diet recommended?

A

YES

Diminution des risques de maladies becasue (cardiovascular, diabetes, cancer)

diminution des gras saturés, cholestérol alimentaire
augmentation des antioxydants, des fibre, diminution de LDL, diminution de pression arterielle

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16
Q

What is the issue with vegetarinism?

A

Proteins:
Need to make sure that there is plenty of protein in the mix
Lipides
Les oméga-3 sont absents chez mais bon ratio ω6/ω3 (mieux que diete normale)
Vitamin:
Vitamine B12:
Risques élevés chez les végétaliens si ne consomment
pas d’aliments enrichis en cette vitamine
IODE
Peu présent dans l’alimentation végétalienne
- Privilégier le sel iodé