Nutrition Flashcards
absorption
the transfer of digested nutrients from the gastrointestinal system to the blood circulation
calorie
unit of energy that produces heat
carbohydrates
sugars and starches; the body’s primary energy source
digestion
physical and chemical changing of nutrients in the body to allow absorption
estimated energy requirement (EER)
approximation of needed daily calories
fats (lipids)
greasy material in nutrients; transport fat-soluble vitamins, insulate the body from the cold, and provide fatty acids
fiber
nondigestible but edible portion of plants; necessary for the gastrointestinal elimination function
ingestion
taking in of nutrients; eating and drinking
metabolism
synthesizing of nutrients from the bloodstream, producing energy
nutrients
components of food necessary for the body to perform physiologic functions
nutrition
the process of taking food into the body and using it
obese
an adult with a BMI of 30 or higher
proteins
nutrients comprising amino acids (building blocks); produce and heal body tissue
recommended daily allowance (RDA)
established by the Food and Nutrition Board of the National Academy of Sciences, quantities of nutrients needed daily for good health
trans fats (trans fatty acids, hydrogenerated fats)
manufactured fats created by hydrogenation of unsaturated fats; found in commercial baked goods, fried foods, and processed foods; usually solid at room temperature; increase blood cholesterol
