Emergency Preparedness

Question 1

ABC’s (airway, breathing, circulation)

Answer 1

primary assessment in emergencies to determine whether the patient’s airway is open, breathing is occurring, and blood is appropriately circulating

Question 2

abrasion

Answer 2

open wound resulting in scraping off of skin layer(s) by trauma; may or may not produce bleeding

Question 3

anaphylaxis

Answer 3

shock caused by a severe allergic reaction that results in respiratory distress and, in some instances, cardiac arrest

Question 4

avulsion

Answer 4

open wound caused by forceful tearing away of skin from bony structure by trauma, sometimes leaving a skin flap and causing excessive bleeding

Question 5

burns

Answer 5

tissue damage from exposure to heat, chemicals, or electricity

Question 6

cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR)

Answer 6

a standardized approach to providing first aid in a situation in which the victim is not breathing and the heart may have stopped beating

Question 7

contusion (bruise)

Answer 7

closed wound usually caused by blunt trauma

Question 8

epistaxis

Answer 8

nose bleed

Question 9

exposure-control plan

Answer 9

plan that describes personnel protective equipment (PPE) and other safety engineering devices and processes; it provides instructions of what an employee should do if an exposure occurs

Question 10

first aid

Answer 10

the immediate care rendered in a medical emergency until definitive or advanced care is available

Question 11

hemorrhage

Answer 11

excessive bleeding that may result in hypovolemic shock

Question 12

hyperglycemia

Answer 12

abnormally high blood glucose level

Question 13

hyperthermia

Answer 13

abnormally high body temperature (heat exhaustion and heat stroke)

Question 14

hypoglycemia

Answer 14

abnormally low blood glucose level

Question 15

hypothermia

Answer 15

abnormally low body temperature

Question 16

laceration

Answer 16

straight or jagged cut into the body tissue

Question 17

medical emergency

Answer 17

the occurrence of a sudden injury or illness that requires immediate medical intervention

Question 18

PASS

Answer 18

pull, aim, squeeze, sweep; acronym for using a fire extinguisher

Question 19

poisoning

Answer 19

the injection, respiration, or ingestion of a toxic substance (may be natural or chemical)

Question 20

rule of nines

Answer 20

formula used to determine extent of the body burned; each body part is considered 9% of the body; the affected parts are added to determine the percentage of body burned

Question 21

seizure convulsion

Answer 21

generalized series of involuntary muscle contractions

Question 22

shock

Answer 22

life-threatening condition related to inadequate oxygen supply and often characterized by heavy blood loss; lowered blood pressure; weak, increased pulse; cool, clammy skin; increased respiratory rate; anxiety; and agitation

Question 23

sprain

Answer 23

stretching or tearing of a ligament caused by a wrench or twist

Question 24

strain

Answer 24

stretching or tearing of a tendon or muscle

Question 25

syncope

Answer 25

transient unconsciousness, usually caused by a sudden decrease in blood pressure or oxygen; also called fainting or swooning

Question 26

vertigo

Answer 26

a specific kind of dizziness and a symptom, not a condition

Question 27

walking wounded

Answer 27

persons in a disaster who have been triaged at a command center of the community disaster, have minor injuries, and are capable of walking