Nutrient Digestion and Absorption (Fat and Vitamins) Flashcards
What is lipase?
Water soluble enzyme
What are the components of triglycerides?
1 glycerol : 3 fatty acids
What is emulsification?
Division of large lipid droplets into smaller droplets, speeding up digestion
What are the components of micelles?
Bile salt + fatty acids + phospholipids + monogylcerides
What is the orientation of molecules within the micelle?
Polar portions at micelle surface, non-polar portions from micelle core
What occurs when micelles breakdown?
Free fatty acids and monoglycerides are released into solution and diffuse across the plasma membrane of absorbing cells
What occurs after the free molecules from the micelle enter cells?
Enter smooth endoplasmic reticulum and are reformed into triglycerides
Processed through golgi apparatus
Exocytosed into extracellular fluid
What are extracellular fat droplets called?
Chylomicrons
What do chylomicrons contain?
Phospholipids
Cholesterol
Fat soluble vitamins
How are chylomicrons transported?
Lacteals between endothelial cells
What are the fat soluble vitamins?
Vitamins A, D, E, K
What are the water soluble vitamins?
Vitamins B, C and folic acid
What is caused by B12 deficiency?
Pernicious anaemia
How is iron transported?
Moves across brush border membrane into duodenal enterocytes
How is unbound iron transported?
Moves through serial membrane into the blood
