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GI > Liver Symposium > Flashcards

Liver Symposium Flashcards

1
Q

What type of hepatitis cause enteric viruses?

A

Hepatitis A

Hepatitis E

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2
Q

What type of hepatitis cause parenteral viruses?

A

Hepatitis D
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D

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3
Q

What type of hepatitis cause chronic disease?

A

Hepatitis B
Hepatitis C
Hepatitis D

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4
Q

How is hepatitis A transmitted?

A

Faecal-oral
Sexual
Blood

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5
Q

Who gets immunisation fro Hepatitis A?

A

Travellers
Occupational exposure
Chronic liver disease patients
Men who have sex with men (MSM)

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6
Q

How is hepatitis B transmitted?

A

Vertical (mother to child)

Sexual

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7
Q

What is the make up of the hepatitis B vaccine?

A

Only contains surface antigens

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8
Q

What are the drugs used to treat hepatitis C?

A

Sofobuvir

Ledipasvir

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9
Q

What type of virus is hepatitis D?

A

RNA

Resistant to treatment and usually coinfects with HBV

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10
Q

What is the treatment for hepatitis E?

A

No specific treatment or effective vaccine and is self limiting

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11
Q

What are the different types of fatty liver disease?

A

Non alcoholic steatosis

Non alcoholic steatohepatitis

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12
Q

What are the risk factors for fatty liver disease`?

A 
Diabetes 
Obesity 
Hypertension 
Hpercholesterolaemia 
Age 
Ethnicity (hispanic)
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13
Q

How do you diagnose fatty liver disease?

A 
Biochemical tests (AST/ALT ratio) 
Ultrasound 
MRI/CT 
Liver biopsy 
Cytokeratin-18 
Scoring system used
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14
Q

How do you treat fatty liver disease?

A 
Diet and weight reduction 
Exercise 
Insulin sensitisers 
Vitamin E 
Weight reduction surgery
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15
Q

What is autoimmune hepatitis?

A

Elevated IgG

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16
Q

How is autoimmune hepatitis treated?

A

Long term azathioprine

17
Q

What are the clinical signs of primary biliary cholangitis?

A

IgM elevated

Anti-mitochondrial antibody positive

18
Q

What is the treatment for primary biliary cholangitis?

A

UDCA treatment

19
Q

What are the clinical signs of primary sclerosing cholangitis?

A

pANCA positive
intra and extra hepatic bile ducts involvement
MRCP test

20
Q

How do you treat primary sclerosing cholangitis?

A

Biliary stents

21
Q

Who are the appropriate liver transplant candidates?

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma
Acute liver failure
Genetic diseases
Chronic liver disease with poor predicted survival and associated poor QOL

22
Q

What are the contraindications for liver transplant?

A

Malignancy
Active and uncontrolled infection
Active substance or alcohol abuse
Severe cardiopulmonary or other comorbid conditions

23
Q

What is the post operative liver transplant treatment?

A

ICU
Prophylactic antibiotics and anti fungal drugs
Anti rejection drugs (steroids, azathioprine, tacrolimus)

24
Q

What dose CAGE stand for?

A

Cut down
Annoyed by criticism of your drinking
Guilty about your drinking
Eyeopener

25
Q

What os the presentation of alcoholic hepatitis?

A

Jaundice
Encephalopathy
Infection is common
Decompensated hepatic function

26
Q

What are the clinical signs of alcoholic hepatitis

A

Raised bilirubin
Raised GGT and AlkP
Alcohol history

27
Q

What is the treatment for alcoholic hepatitis?

A 
Treat infection and encephalopathy 
Alcohol withdrawal 
Protect against GI bleeding 
Airway protection/ ITU care 
Review nutrition (frequent feeds) 
Thiamine
28
Q

What is the presentation of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A 
Abdominal pain 
Fever, rigors 
Renal impairment 
Sepsis 
Tachycardia 
Temp?
29
Q

What are the clinical signs of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

Neutrophil count >0.25x10(9)/L
Protein <25g/L
Ascitic tap (cultures, WCC, fluid protein and glucose levels)

30
Q

What is the treatment for spontaneous bacterial peritonitis?

A

IV antibiotics
Ascetic fluid drainage
IV albumin infusion

31
Q

What are the causes of hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Infection
Drugs
Constipation
GI bleed

32
Q

How do you treat hepatic encephalopathy?

A

Bowel clear out, lactulose, enemas

Antibiotics

GI (27 decks)

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