Large Intestine and Function Flashcards
What is the unique feature of the large intestine muscle layers?
Circular muscle layer complete
Longitudinal muscle layer incomplete
How many bands comprise the teniae coli?
Three bands
What is caused by the contractions of the teniae coli?
Haustra, giving a puckered appearance
What type of cells make up the mucosa epithelium?
Simple columnar
What type of epithelium does the mucosa in the rectum have?
Simple columnar
What type of muscle is the external anal sphincter?
Skeletal muscle
What is significant about the epithelium present in the anal canal?
It changes from simple columnar to stratified squamous distally
What is the main function of the colon?
Actively transports sodium from lumen into blood
Absorption of water
Dehydration of chyme
What type of muscle is the internal anal sphincter?
Smooth muscle
What type of control is the dafaecation reflex under?
Parasympathetic control via the pelvic splanchnic nerves
What is constipation?
No absorption of toxins from faecal material following long periods of retention
What is diarrhoea?
Too frequent passage of faeces which are too liquid
What are enterotoxigenic bacteria?
Produce protein enterotoxins which maximally turn on intestinal chloride secretion from crypt cells
Increases water secretion
