Nutrient and E requirements of Suckling and growing foals, feeding and nutrition

Question 1

First and foremost

Answer 1

COLOSTRUM!!!

Question 2

Frequency of suckling

Answer 2

Initially: up to 100x a day, 20-25% of BW which is roughly 10kg

Then, after some timeL 30-40x a day, 17-20% of BW which is roughly 12kg

In total: around 12L of milk is consumed daily

Question 3

Birth weight

Answer 3

10% of the adults BW

This doubles after 2 wks

Question 4

Creep feeding (4)

Answer 4

1. Milk PLUS hay and conc
2. Start at 2-3eks of age (when foal begins to nibble at feed)- give simple cereals and pelleted diets
3. At 4 mnths give 4L of oats- and incr at a constant rate
4. Not too much alfalfa because post weaning: DOD’s can develop

Question 5

Weaning (3)

Answer 5

1. At 5-6 mnths
2. When foal has reached 40-45% of BW
3. 1kg of conc (this is the 5L of oats) and 2.5kg of hay

Question 6

Nutreint requirement of foals (3)

Answer 6

1. DE
2. CP
3. Ca:P

Question 7

Nutrient requirement of foals: DE

Answer 7

DEm and DEg- the values depend on the actual and mature BW

Question 8

Nutrient requirement of foals: CP

Answer 8

At weaning: DE x 12 (which is roughly 14% CP)

1 yr old: DE x 11 (920g/day)

2 yr old: DE x 10

Question 9

Nutrient requirement of foals: Ca:P

Answer 9

1.5-2: 1

Question 10

TimelineL type of foal and age: (5)

Answer 10

• Nursing: 3mnths
• Weanling: 6mnths
• Yearling: 12 mnths
• Long yearling: 18mnths
• 2 yr old: 24mnths

Question 11

Timeline

Answer 11

Foal, conc intake as % of BW, Forage intake %BW, DM%of BW

• Nursing: 1-2, 0, 2-2.35
• Weanling: 1.5-3, 0.5-1, 2-2.35
• Yearling: 1-2, 1-1.5, 2-2.35
• Long yearling: 1-1.5, 1-1.5, 1.75-2.5
• 2yr old: 1-1.5, 1-1.5, 1.75-2.5

**the ling yearling and the 2yr old are the very same

Question 12

At yearling age:

Answer 12

The foal should be 60% of the mothers weight to prevent DOD

Question 13

Feed supplements (3)

Answer 13

1. Vits (E)
2. Salt
3. Vitamin-mineral supplement- to maintain the Ca:P ratio close to 2

Question 14

Timeline: ages and weights (4)

Answer 14

• 0
• 2 wks: 100kg (begin the creep feed)
• 5-6mnths: 40-50% of adult weight
• 12mnths: 60% of adult BW

Question 15

Timeline: ages and feeding

Answer 15

• 0: milk
• 2 wks: creep feed= milk and conc
• 5-6mnths: 0.5-1% forages 1.5-3% conc (5L of oats)
• 12 mnths: 1-1.5% of BW in forages and 1-2% of BW in conc