Maintenance requirement of horse and feeding practice Flashcards
Nutrient requirement for maint
Is equal to nutrient requirement
9 things to mention initially
- DMI
- DE
- CP
- Protein
- Crude fibre
- Ca and P
- Ca:P ratio
- Water and NaCl
- BCS
DMI
- 5% of BW
e. g 7.5kg for a 500kg horse
DE
Horses weighing less than 600kg have a different formula to horses over 600kg
Approx 70 MJ/day
0.14 x BW
CP
for maint= 690g/day or
9.5 x DE
Protein
We are supposed to use DCP for horses but we use CP in practice (this is 0.6g/kgbw)
Crude fibre
16-18%
Ca requirement
4g/100kgbw (roughly 20g a day)
P requirement:
3g/ 100kgBW (roughly 15g/day)
Ca: P ratio
SHould be 1.5-2 : 1
Water and NaCl
2L per kg of DM or 5L per kgbw: amounts to about 25L per day
Salt should always be available because feedstuff is low in salt
BCS
Depends on breed and use
BCS 4: racehorse
BCS 6: dressage/ breed mare
Daily DM and Feen intake (5)
- Grass
- Hays
- Silage
- Straw
- Concentrates
Daily DM and Feed Intake: grass
Timothy over blue grass
NO sudan grass- prussic acid (HCN)– causes cystitis
Daily DM and Feed Intake: Hays
9-10 MJ/kg DE
- Alfalfa- high is protein and Ca and so is good for lactating/gestation
- Problems: the high Ca- urinary and kidney stones
- High protein- rapid growth of foals- DOD’s, incr body temp and incr NH3
- Meadow hay: stallions in the breeding season
- Minimum daily hay requirement: 1.5-2% of BW which roughly equates to 10-10.5kg for 500kg horse: give 1/4 in the morn, 1/4 at noon and 2/4 in the eve
Silage
10kg/day
Straw
Is high in CF
Low in protein
Low in DE
Concentrates:
Max 0.5% of BW- to improve the body condition
Oat, barley and wheat gran and corn
To incr the E content:
- Molasses
- Dry brewers grain
- Sugar beet pulp
Forage to conc ration
Light work 65:35
Moderate work 50:50
Intense work: 35:65
Feed supplements (3)
- Protein
- Fats
- Vits and Minerals
Feed supplements- protein
When requirement is greater than maint e.g if pregnant or lactating
Max of 4kg- to prevent obstipation
- Wheat germ
- Wheat bran- is valuable
- Extracted meals
- Legume seeds
Feed Supplements: Fat (4)
Remember horses have a high fat tolerance
Max 1g/kgbw- and divide over 3 meals, give either via bottle or pour over grains
Give more conc if giving more fats
Veg oils: sunflower, flax, rapeseed
Feed supplementation: Vitamins and Minerals (5)
- For race horses: Vit A+E, beta-carotene, antiox, taurine, iron and chromium
- Spring give Mg to avoid grass tetany
- Summer- NaCl– salt lick
- To prevent DOD: Cu, Mn, Zn
** Give 2-3kg of carrot/apple/pumpkin/potato
