Nursing Assisting Flashcards
Tympanic Temp
98.6
Acute Illness
A sudden illness which a person is expected to recover
Assisted Living Residence (ALR)
Provides housing, personal care, support services, health care, and social activities in a home-like setting to persons needing help with daily activities
Case management
A nursing care pattern; a case manager (an RN) coordinates a person’s care from admission through discharge and into the home setting
Chronic Illness
ongoing illness that causes life-long changes and treatment, no cure
Functional Nursing
focuses on tasks and jobs; each nurse has specific jobs
Health team
the many HCWs who focus on patient’s total care
Hospice
health care agency for persons who are dying
LPN
a nurse who has completed a 1-year nursing program and has passed a licensing test
LVN
same thing as LPN
Patient-focused care
services moved from depts to bedside
Primary Nursing
RN is responsible for complete care
Team nursing
led by RN who makes decisions of care
Terminal Illness
illness or injury that will probably result in death
Boundary Crossing
a brief act or behavior outside of the helpful zone
Boundary Sign
An act, behavior, or thought that warns of a boundary crossing or violation
Boundary Violation
an act or behavior that meets your needs, not the person’s
Negligene
unintentional tort by anyone
Malpractie
professional negligence
Neglect
Failure to provide the person with the goods or services needed
Involuntary seculsion
confining someone to an area against their will
Abandonment
Leaving a patient after care has been initiated and before the patient has been transferred to someone with equal or greater medical training
Admission record
patient’s identifying information- name, DOB, age gender, address, medical history
Health History
a collection of subjective information that provides information about the patient’s health status
Graphic Sheet
form used to record measurements made daily,every shift or q3h/q4h
Progress Notes
describes care and person’s response and progress
a-, an-
without, not, lack of
ab-
away from
ad-
toward, near, to
ante-
before, forward, in front of
anti-
against
auto-
self
bi-
twice, double, two
brady-
slow
circum-
around
contra-
against, opposite
de-
down, from
dia-
across, through, apart
dis-
apart, free from
dvs-
difficult, bad, abnormal
ecto-
outer, outside
en-
in, into, within
endo-
inner, inside
epi-
over, on, upon
eryth-
red
eu-
normal, good, well, healthy
ex-
out, out of, from, away from
hemi-
half
hyper-
excessive, high, too much of
hypo-
decreased, under, less than normal
in-
into, in, not, without
inter-
between
intra-
within
intro-
into, within
leuk-
white
macro-
large
mal-
bad, illness, disease
meg-
large
micro-
small
mono-
one, single
neo-
new
non-
not
olig-
small, scant
per-
by, through
peri-
around
poly-
many,much
post-
after, behind
pre-
before, in front of, prior to
pro-
before, in front of
re-
again, backward
retro-
backward, behind
semi-
half
sub-
under, beneath
super-
above, over, excess
supra-
above, over
tachy-
fast, rapid
trans-
across, through
uni-
one
abdomin/o
abdomen
aden/o
gland
angi/o
vessel
ateri/o
artery
athr/o
joint
bronch/o
bronchial rube, bronchus
cardi/o, card/o
heart
chole/o, chol/o
bite
chondr/o
cartilage
col/o
colon, large intestine
cost/o
rib
crani/o
skull
cyan/o
blue
cyst/o
bladder, cyst
cyt/o
cell
dent/o
tooth
dermat/o
skin
duoden/o
duodenum
encephal/o
brain
enter/o
intestine
fibr/o
fiber, fiberous
gastr/o
stomach
gloss/o
tongue
gluc/o
sweetness, glucose
glyc/o
sugar
gyn, gyne, gynec/o
woman
hem/o, hemat/o, hem
blood
hepat/o
liver
hydr/o
water
hyster/o
uterus
laparo
abdomen, loin, flank
laryng/o
larynx
lith/o
stone
mamm/o
mammary gland, breast
mast/o
mammary gland, breast
men/o
menstration
my/o
muscle
myel/o
spinal cord, bone marrow
necro
death
nephr/o
kidney, nephron
neur/o
nerve
ocul/o
eye
orth/o
straight, normal, correct
opthalm/o
eye
oste/o
bone
ot/o
ear
ped/o
foot, child
pharyng/o
pharynx, throat
phleb/o
vein
pnea
breathing, respiration
pneum/o
lung, air, gas
proct/o
rectum
pysch/o
mind
py/o
pus
rect/o
straight, rectum
thin/o
nose
salping/o
spleen
sten/o
narrow, constriction
stern/o
sternum
stomat/o
mouth
therm/o
heat
thorac/o
chest
thromb/o
clot, thrombus
thyr/o
thyroid
toxic/o
poison, poisonous
toxo
poison
trache/o
thachea
urethr/o
urethra
urin/o
urine
uro
urine, urinary tract, urination
uter/o
uterus
vas/o
blood vessel, vas deferens
ven/o
vein
verterbr/o
spine, vertebrae
-algia
pain
-cele
hernia, herniation, pouching
-centesis
puncture and aspiration of
-cyte
cell
-ectasis
dilation, stretching
-ectomy
removal of, excision
-emia
blood condition
-genesis
development, production, creation
-genic
producing, causing
-gram
record
-graph
a diagram, a recording instrument
-graphy
making a recording
-iasis
condition of
-ism
condition
-itis
inflammation
-logy
study of
-lysis
destruction of, decomposition
-megaly
enlargement
-meter
measuring instrument
-oma
tumor
-osis
condition
-pathy
diseases
-penia
lack, deficiency
-phagia
swallowing, to eat or consume
-phobia
exaggerated fear
-plasty
surgical correction or removal
-plegia
paralysis
-ptosis
falling, sagging, dropping down
-rrhage, -rrhagia
excessive flow
-rrhaphy
stitching, suturing
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-scope
examination instrument
-scopy
examination using a scope
-statis
maintenance, maintaining a constant level
-stomy, -ostomy
creating an opening
-tomy, -otomy
incision, cutting into
-uria
condition of the urine
OBRA
Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act of 1987
CMS
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services
Takes pt/resident to room after arriving by ambulance or transport van
Attendants
Takes pt/resident to room after arriving by car
Nurse of CNA
Nor work during ht and wt
extra clothes or footwear
Metastatis
spread of cancer to other locations
Stomatitis
inflammation of the mouth
B cells
production of antibodies in reaction to specific antigens
T cells
destroy invading cells or attract other cells to destroy them
Alopecia
hair loss
Grave’s disease
hyperthyroidism, too much throxine
Jupus
rash looks like wolf bite or butterfly
AIDS is caused by
HIV
HIV is NOT spread through
public restrooms, hugging, saliva, coughing, casual contact
HIV is only spread by
blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk
Herpes zoster
Shingles
Third leading cause of death in the US
CVA
Hemiplegia
paralysis of one side of the body
ALS
attack on voluntary muscle nerve cells
Stupor
unresponsive state where person can be aroused briefly
Coma
person is unconscious, unresponsive, unaware, and unable to be roused
Persistent vegatative state (PVS)
person is in vegetative state for more than 1 month
Paraplegia
paralysis ofboth legs and the lower part of the body
Quadriplegia/ Tetraplegia
paralysis of all four limbs
Autonomic Dysreflexia
spinal cord injuries above mid-thoracic level causing constant stimulation of sympathetic nervous system
Ball and socket joint
allows most movement (ie shoulder)
DJD/ Osteoartheritis
joint breakdown d/t obesity, overuse, or injury
Rheumatoid artheritis
inflammation can occur in any part of body, but especially in joints
Total joint arthoplasty
surgical removing of a joint to replace it with prosthesis
Osteoporosis
loss of bone density causing them to break easily
Closed fracture
simple fracture
Open Fracture
compound fracture
Compound fracture
Simple fracture
Hypertension
BP over 140/90
Hypotension
BP less than 90/60
Coronary artery disease
hardening and narrowing of the coronary arteries resulting in the heart not receiving enough blood and O2
Atherosclerosis
blocking of arteries
Angina
Chest pain from reduced blood flow to myocardium
Thrombus
blood clot in an artery
Congestive heart failure
weakness of heart causes blood back-up
L side of heart cannot pump well
blood back up to lungs
R side of heart cannot pump well
blood backs up to cenous system
Dysrythmia
abnormal heart rhythm
implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
a device implanted into the chest to treat dysrhythmias
COPD
chronic bronchitis and emphysema
emphysema
alveoli enlargement with less elasticity, trapped air
CPAP
continuous positive airway pressure
BiPAP
bilevel positive airway pressure
TB
mycobacterium tuberculosis
Lymphedema
swelling d/t lymph build-up
Lymph
clear, watery fluid that carries WBC, proteins, and fats around
GERD can cause
esophagitis
Hiatal hernia
upper part of the stomach protrudes upward through the diaphragm
Diverticulum
an abnormal side pocket in the gastrointestinal tract
Hepatitis
inflammation of the liver
Hepatitis A spread by
fecal-oral route
Hepatitis B
spread by contaminated blood and body fluids
Hepatitis C
spread by contaminated blood and body fluids
Cirrhosis
caused my chronic liver damage leading o clocked blood flow
Cirrhosis can cause
edema, gallstones, toxic build-up in the brain, blood vessels enlarge and burst
Type 1 diabetes
pancreas cannot create insulin anymore
Type 2 diabetes
more common in older people
Type 2 diabetes
body is resistant to insulin
Diuresis
processing of passing urine
Dysuria
painful or difficult urination
heaturia
blood in the urine
oliguria
scant urine
pyuria
pus in the urine
urostomy
surgical opening btwn ureter and abdomen
cystitis
bladder infection
pyelonephritis
inflammation in the kidney pelvis
Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia
enlargement of the prostate gland
Calculi
kidney stones
Acute kidney injury (AKI)
rapid loss of renal function due to damage to the kidneys
acute kidney failure
acute kidney injury
if vomitus looks like coffee grounds
bleeding is a concern
Hepatitis
requires standard precautions
Gallbladder attacks happen
often after a fatty meal
Algophobia
fear of pain or seeing others in pain
mysophobia
fear of uneanliness
nyctophobia
fear of night or darkness
pryophobia
fear of fire
xenophobia
fear of strangers
psycosis
a state if sever mental impairment
anorexia nervosa
eats nothing
bulimia nervosa
excessive eating followed by forced vomiting
suicide is
the 11 leading cause of death
34,000+ people
commit suicide every year
State 1 Alzheimer’s
no signs
Stage 2 of Alzheimer’s disease
little thins are forgotten, friends and family don’t see it
Stage 3 Alheimer’s
Memory and concentration begins to be obviously deteriorating
Stage 4 Alzheimer’s
Forgets how to shop, pay bills, keep appointments
Stage 5 Alzheimer’s
May need help getting dressed, confused about date and day, still knows close family’s names
Stage 6 Alzheimer’s
Personality changes, names are being forgotten, needs help with ADLs
Stage 7 Alzheimer’s
very sever cognitive decline
Intellectual disability
IQ <70, significant limit of at least 1 adaptive behavior
DS
extra 21st chromosome
Fragile X syndrome (FXS)
genetic condition where protein that causes brain development is not produced adequately
CF
defect from brain damage before, during or soon after birth especially lack of O2
pastic
uncontrolled contractions of skeletal muscles
athetoid
involuntary writing movement of limbs and body
spina bifida occulta
a defect of vertebrae only, no sac is present and it is usually a benign condition, not many issues
spina bifida cystica
meningocele and meningomyelocele
meningocele
sac contains CSF and mengines
meningomyelocele
sac contains CSF, mengines and portion of the spinal cord
hydrocephalus
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the brain
DS always involves some
intellectual disability
65+
late adulthood
85+
oldest old
40,300,000
people age 65+
5,500,000
people over age 85
54,800,000
number of people over the age of 65 in 2020
gerontology
study of aging process
geriatrics
care of aging people
65 is usual
retirement age
presbyopia
more rigid lense d/t age resulting in farsightedness
OSHA
occupational safety and health administration
avoid
baby walker on wheels
hot tub, spa temp
no higher than 104
first degree burn
redness, painful blisters
second degree
deep red, painful blistering
third degree
not painful, destroys all layers of skin,whit brown and black
155 F can third degree burn in
1 second
140 F can 3rd degree burn in
5 seconds
lead poisoning
higher risk before 1970s
suffocation
breathing stops d/t lack of o2
FBAO
foreign body airway obstruction
normal weight capacity
250-350 lbs
check MSDs before
using a hazardous substance
tell nurse about
hazerdous spill STAT
required for fire
feul oxygen spark
pass
pull aim squeeze sweep
red wristband
allergy allert
yellow wristband
fall risk
purple wristband
DNR
falls are the main cause of
injury related deaths for the elderly
over 1/3 of adults 65+
fall
most falls occur between
1600-2000
space between crib rails
no more than 2 3/8 in
TJC
the joint commission
remove reposition restraints
q2h
vest restraint
v is in front
jacket restraint
opening in the back
wrist or mitt restraints
slide one finger under
check pt/resident in restraints
q15min
disinfection
the process of destroying pathogens
sterilization
the process that completely destroys all microbial life
medical asepsis
destroys pathogens
surgical aspesis
destroy all microorganisms
vector
carrier that transmits disease
protazoa
one celled organisms
richettsiae
found in fleas
VRE
vancomycin resistant enterococcus
work form
clean to dirty
MSD
musculoskeletal disorder
sims position
lying on left side with right knee drawn up and with left arm parallel to back
1g of fat
9 calories
1g of protein
4 calories
1g of carbs
4 calories
clear liquid diet
water sprit ginger ale, broth ,jello
full liquid diet
foods liquid at room temp or melt at body temp
adults need
1500ml daily to live
normal fluid balance
2000-2500 ml
1 oz
30ml/cc
1 pint
500ml/cc
1 quart
1000ml/cc
reheating cooked food
165 F
TPN
total parenteral nutrition
enteral nutrition
giving nutrients through feeding tube
gavage
the process of giving a tube feeding
jejunostomy tube
catheter inserted through abdominal wall
Naso enteral tube
feeding tube inserted through the nose into small bowel
position for tube feeding
fowlers or semi fowlers
oral temp
97.6-99.6
rectal temp
98.6-100.6
axillary temp
96.6-98.6
