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HOSA > HOSA Veterinary science > Flashcards

HOSA Veterinary science Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

structure of living things

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2
Q

physiology

A

function of living things

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3
Q

rostral

A

going towards the nose

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4
Q

caudal

A

up the head

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5
Q

dorsal

A

top of the back

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6
Q

ventral

A

belly

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7
Q

cranial

A

head

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8
Q

carpus

A

ankle

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9
Q

joints

A

junction between two or more bones

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10
Q

cartilage

A

forms cushion, tough tissue

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11
Q

ligaments

A

connect bone to bone

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12
Q

tendons

A

attach muscle to bone

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13
Q

muscle functions

A

movement, stabilizes joints, produces heat, produces posture

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14
Q

long bones

A

protects blood producing cells

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15
Q

blood flow

A

right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body, restart

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16
Q

kidney shape

A

bean

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17
Q

lung congestion

A

problem in the left side of the heart

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18
Q

ascites

A

problem in the right side of the heart

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19
Q

day 11

A

earliest day of gestation that an equine pregnancy can be confirmed

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20
Q

basic nutrients

A

carbohydrates, lipids, fibers, protein, minerals, vitamins, water

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21
Q

animal behavior

A

study of why animals do what they do

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22
Q

instinct

A

behavior that is programmed

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23
Q

trial and error

A

do an undesirable, they wont do it again

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24
Q

ingestion

A

feeding and drinking; hunting, chasing, shewing, possessive behaviors and begging

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25
Q

elimination

A

desecration and urination, housebreaking, submission, and marking

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26
Q

resting and sleep

A

circling of going under the furniture to lie down

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27
Q

contacting

A

investigating, sniffing, pawing

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28
Q

play

A

playing chase,fetch, tug of war

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29
Q

social attachment

A

following, staying close, escaping, searching

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30
Q

etiology

A

study of disease causes

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31
Q

attaining water born parasites

A

ingesting aquatic species

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32
Q

grass tetany

A

result of magnesium deficiency

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33
Q

fungus

A

ringworm

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34
Q

RNA virus

A

feline calicivirus

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35
Q

leptospirosis

A

caused by leptospira bacteria

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36
Q

zoonosis

A

a disease naturally transmitted from animals to humans

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37
Q

reverse zoonosis

A

naturally transmitted from humans to animals

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38
Q

etiologic agent

A

organism that causes the disease

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39
Q

host

A

one that is getting sick

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40
Q

dead end host

A

host will not transmit to others

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41
Q

incidence

A

where and how frequently a disease occurs

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42
Q

medical saphenous

A

vein used to draw blood from cat but not a dog

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43
Q

NSAID

A

most common class of drugs sent home for pain

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44
Q

yelling

A

will not help with and escaped patient

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45
Q

inflamation

A

good for the healing process

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46
Q

3-5 days

A

lag phase in healing wounds

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47
Q

fear induced

A

most common type of agression

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48
Q

analgesia

A

absence of pain that should be painful

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49
Q

101.5-102.5

A

normal rectal temperature for cats and dogs

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50
Q

6-8 hours

A

time between incident and check up

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51
Q

sharps container

A

needles and syringes disposed

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52
Q

chemicals, physical, biological

A

hazards you will face in a clinic

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53
Q

radioactive equipment

A

lead gloves, lead apron, dosimeter

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54
Q

MSDS

A

material safety data sheet

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55
Q

steps to take a rectal temp

A

shake down thermometer, lubricate it, gently insert, hold it there for 3 minutes, remove and rotate the head

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56
Q

belly band

A

overlap slightly as it is wrapped

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57
Q

compound fracture

A

break where bone breaks skin

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58
Q

seizure

A

do not restrain the animal, move furniture out of the way, last 2-3 minutes, after keep patient warm

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59
Q

airway

A

assessed via visualization, palpation, listening, check for obstructions

60
Q

emergency care check

A

breathing, circulation

61
Q

dysfunction/disability of the nervous system

A

reflex, response to pain, rigidly and flaccidity of limbs

62
Q

examination

A

rapid, whole body, check lacerations and bruising

63
Q

emergency care

A

an action directed toward assessment treatment and stabilization of a patient with an urgent medical problem

64
Q

critical care

A

on going treatment of a patient with a life-threatening illness orinjury

65
Q

epithelial, connective, muscle, skeletal

A

four types of cells

66
Q

simple epithelial, simple stratified, layered glandular, secret substance

A

types of epithelial tissue

67
Q

adipose connective tissue

A

fat

68
Q

collagen fibers

A

loose connective tissue

69
Q

tendons and ligaments

A

dense connective tissue

70
Q

long, flat, small, irregular, sesamoid, pneumatic

A

types of bones

71
Q

flat bone

A

expanded in two directions to provide maximum area of muscle attachment

72
Q

long bones

A

shaft with 2 ends

73
Q

small bones

A

cuboid and located at complex joints

74
Q

irregular bones

A

irregular shape

75
Q

sesamoid bones

A

tiny and along tendons

76
Q

pneumatic bones

A

contain air spaces

77
Q

articular surface

A

where bone forms a joint with another bone

78
Q

condyle

A

large convex articular surface found on distal ends of long bones

79
Q

foramen

A

hole in blood where vessels and nerves usually pass

80
Q

fossa

A

depression in the bone occupied by muscle and tendon

81
Q

facet

A

flat, smooth, articular surface, such as surface or tarsal/carpal bones

82
Q

bone head

A

spherical projection found at ends of limb bones

83
Q

neck

A

narrow area in middle

84
Q

bump on surface of bone usually where tendon attaches

A

process, tuber, tubercle, tuberosity, trochanter

85
Q

fibrous joints

A

hold bones together but don’t allow movement

86
Q

cartilaginous joints

A

allow slight rocking movement

87
Q

diarthrodial or synovial joints

A

allow free movement in several directions

88
Q

skin

A

largest organ in the body

89
Q

systemic circulation

A

heart-body-heart

90
Q

pulmonary circulation

A

heart-lungs-heart

91
Q

2 parts of the nervous system

A

central nervous system and peripheral nervous system

92
Q

purpose of the automatic nervous system

A

maintaining homeostasis

93
Q

sympathetic system

A

fight or flight

94
Q

parasympathetic nervous system

A

rest and restore

95
Q

skeletal, cardiac, smooth

A

3 types of muscle

96
Q

endocrine system

A

deals with hormones

97
Q

proestrus

A

follicle development

98
Q

estrus

A

true heat, ovulation

99
Q

metestrus

A

corpora lutea, very short

100
Q

diestrus

A

uterus maintains pregnancy

101
Q

coitus

A

sex

102
Q

gestation

A

dogs and cats-2 months, horses-11 months

103
Q

bovine

A

cattle

104
Q

canine

A

dogs

105
Q

carcass

A

dead body of an animal

106
Q

equine

A

horse

107
Q

feline

A

cat

108
Q

immunize

A

process of becoming secure against a particular disease of pathogen

109
Q

quarentine

A

period of detention or isolation as a result of disease suspected to be communicable

110
Q

theriogenology

A

branch if veterinary medicine, deals with reproduction

111
Q

vaccination

A

intro of a microorganism that has been made harmless in order to cause immunity to develop

112
Q

zoology

A

study of animal life

113
Q

CVT

A

continuously variable transmission

114
Q

DVM

A

doctor of veterinary medicine

115
Q

RVT

A

registered veterinary technician

116
Q

euthanasia

A

induction of death in a sick, injured or unwatned animal

117
Q

marine biologist

A

study of plant and animal life in saltwater environments

118
Q

specialty boards

A

16 in veterinary medicine

119
Q

veterinarian

A

earn a DMV, a four year bachelor degree, 4 years oat an accredited veterinary college, pass a written and oral examination, and licensed by the state in which they practice.

120
Q

vet tech

A

research, private clinic, food inspection and laboratory work environments. Assist vets by obtaining info, preparing animals, collecting specimens, assisting with procedures etc

121
Q

vet assistant

A

maintains clean environment for animals, prepare animals for treatment, bathe and goom animals, maintains daily records, exercises the animals and collects samples.

122
Q

animal caretaker

A

cleans kennels, stables, pet shops and shelters. Wildlife and grooming assistant

123
Q

animal breeder

A

raise animals using selective breeding

124
Q

wound

A

involves injury to soft tissue. Open or closed. Can result in bleeding

125
Q

open wound

A

break in skin or mucous membrane. Includes abrasions, incisions, lacerations, punctures, avulsions and amputations

126
Q

closed wound

A

no break in skin and mucous membranes. but injury to the underlying tissues

127
Q

abrasions

A

skin is scraped off the wound. Bleeding is usually limited. Infection must be prevented because dirt and contaminants often enter the wound.

128
Q

incision

A

cut in the wound with a surgical instrument

129
Q

laceration

A

tearing of tissue with excessive force. bleeding may be heavy

130
Q

puncture

A

sharp object enters the skin, internal bleeding can occur

131
Q

avulsion

A

tissue is torn or separated from the body. Bleeding is heavy

132
Q

amputation

A

body part is cut off

133
Q

control bleeding

A

first priority in caring for wounds.

134
Q

arterial bleeding

A

usually spurts from the wound. bright red

135
Q

venous blood

A

slower, steadier, less red than arterial blood, clots easily

136
Q

capillary blood

A

oozes from the wound slowly. less red than arterial blood. clots easily

137
Q

direct pressure, elevation, pressure bandage, pressure points

A

four methods to control bleeding

138
Q

direct pressure

A

gloved hand, applying pressure directly over the wound

139
Q

elevation

A

raise the injured part above the heart to allow gravity to slow down blood flow to the injured part

140
Q

pressure bandage

A

apply a bandage to hold dressings in place, maintain direct pressure and elevation while applying a pressure

141
Q

pressure points

A

put pressure on a main artery to cut off blood flow to the injured part of the body

142
Q

signs of shock

A

pale skin, clammy skin, rapid breathing and pulse, restlessness, anxiety, mental dullness, nausea, low blood pressure, blow normal body temperature

143
Q

epidermis and dermis

A

two layers of skin

144
Q

causes of red skin

A

excess circulation to a part of the body

145
Q

causes of yellow skin

A

liver disease/failure

146
Q

causes of white skin

A

extreme blood loss, shock, hypothermia

HOSA (10 decks)

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