HOSA Veterinary science Flashcards
1
Q
anatomy
A
structure of living things
2
Q
physiology
A
function of living things
3
Q
rostral
A
going towards the nose
4
Q
caudal
A
up the head
5
Q
dorsal
A
top of the back
6
Q
ventral
A
belly
7
Q
cranial
A
head
8
Q
carpus
A
ankle
9
Q
joints
A
junction between two or more bones
10
Q
cartilage
A
forms cushion, tough tissue
11
Q
ligaments
A
connect bone to bone
12
Q
tendons
A
attach muscle to bone
13
Q
muscle functions
A
movement, stabilizes joints, produces heat, produces posture
14
Q
long bones
A
protects blood producing cells
15
Q
blood flow
A
right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonary valve, pulmonary artery, lungs, pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic valve, aorta, body, restart
16
Q
kidney shape
A
bean
17
Q
lung congestion
A
problem in the left side of the heart
18
Q
ascites
A
problem in the right side of the heart
19
Q
day 11
A
earliest day of gestation that an equine pregnancy can be confirmed
20
Q
basic nutrients
A
carbohydrates, lipids, fibers, protein, minerals, vitamins, water
21
Q
animal behavior
A
study of why animals do what they do
22
Q
instinct
A
behavior that is programmed
23
Q
trial and error
A
do an undesirable, they wont do it again
24
Q
ingestion
A
feeding and drinking; hunting, chasing, shewing, possessive behaviors and begging
25
elimination
desecration and urination, housebreaking, submission, and marking
26
resting and sleep
circling of going under the furniture to lie down
27
contacting
investigating, sniffing, pawing
28
play
playing chase,fetch, tug of war
29
social attachment
following, staying close, escaping, searching
30
etiology
study of disease causes
31
attaining water born parasites
ingesting aquatic species
32
grass tetany
result of magnesium deficiency
33
fungus
ringworm
34
RNA virus
feline calicivirus
35
leptospirosis
caused by leptospira bacteria
36
zoonosis
a disease naturally transmitted from animals to humans
37
reverse zoonosis
naturally transmitted from humans to animals
38
etiologic agent
organism that causes the disease
39
host
one that is getting sick
40
dead end host
host will not transmit to others
41
incidence
where and how frequently a disease occurs
42
medical saphenous
vein used to draw blood from cat but not a dog
43
NSAID
most common class of drugs sent home for pain
44
yelling
will not help with and escaped patient
45
inflamation
good for the healing process
46
3-5 days
lag phase in healing wounds
47
fear induced
most common type of agression
48
analgesia
absence of pain that should be painful
49
101.5-102.5
normal rectal temperature for cats and dogs
50
6-8 hours
time between incident and check up
51
sharps container
needles and syringes disposed
52
chemicals, physical, biological
hazards you will face in a clinic
53
radioactive equipment
lead gloves, lead apron, dosimeter
54
MSDS
material safety data sheet
55
steps to take a rectal temp
shake down thermometer, lubricate it, gently insert, hold it there for 3 minutes, remove and rotate the head
56
belly band
overlap slightly as it is wrapped
57
compound fracture
break where bone breaks skin
58
seizure
do not restrain the animal, move furniture out of the way, last 2-3 minutes, after keep patient warm
59
airway
assessed via visualization, palpation, listening, check for obstructions
60
emergency care check
breathing, circulation
61
dysfunction/disability of the nervous system
reflex, response to pain, rigidly and flaccidity of limbs
62
examination
rapid, whole body, check lacerations and bruising
63
emergency care
an action directed toward assessment treatment and stabilization of a patient with an urgent medical problem
64
critical care
on going treatment of a patient with a life-threatening illness orinjury
65
epithelial, connective, muscle, skeletal
four types of cells
66
simple epithelial, simple stratified, layered glandular, secret substance
types of epithelial tissue
67
adipose connective tissue
fat
68
collagen fibers
loose connective tissue
69
tendons and ligaments
dense connective tissue
70
long, flat, small, irregular, sesamoid, pneumatic
types of bones
71
flat bone
expanded in two directions to provide maximum area of muscle attachment
72
long bones
shaft with 2 ends
73
small bones
cuboid and located at complex joints
74
irregular bones
irregular shape
75
sesamoid bones
tiny and along tendons
76
pneumatic bones
contain air spaces
77
articular surface
where bone forms a joint with another bone
78
condyle
large convex articular surface found on distal ends of long bones
79
foramen
hole in blood where vessels and nerves usually pass
80
fossa
depression in the bone occupied by muscle and tendon
81
facet
flat, smooth, articular surface, such as surface or tarsal/carpal bones
82
bone head
spherical projection found at ends of limb bones
83
neck
narrow area in middle
84
bump on surface of bone usually where tendon attaches
process, tuber, tubercle, tuberosity, trochanter
85
fibrous joints
hold bones together but don't allow movement
86
cartilaginous joints
allow slight rocking movement
87
diarthrodial or synovial joints
allow free movement in several directions
88
skin
largest organ in the body
89
systemic circulation
heart-body-heart
90
pulmonary circulation
heart-lungs-heart
91
2 parts of the nervous system
central nervous system and peripheral nervous system
92
purpose of the automatic nervous system
maintaining homeostasis
93
sympathetic system
fight or flight
94
parasympathetic nervous system
rest and restore
95
skeletal, cardiac, smooth
3 types of muscle
96
endocrine system
deals with hormones
97
proestrus
follicle development
98
estrus
true heat, ovulation
99
metestrus
corpora lutea, very short
100
diestrus
uterus maintains pregnancy
101
coitus
sex
102
gestation
dogs and cats-2 months, horses-11 months
103
bovine
cattle
104
canine
dogs
105
carcass
dead body of an animal
106
equine
horse
107
feline
cat
108
immunize
process of becoming secure against a particular disease of pathogen
109
quarentine
period of detention or isolation as a result of disease suspected to be communicable
110
theriogenology
branch if veterinary medicine, deals with reproduction
111
vaccination
intro of a microorganism that has been made harmless in order to cause immunity to develop
112
zoology
study of animal life
113
CVT
continuously variable transmission
114
DVM
doctor of veterinary medicine
115
RVT
registered veterinary technician
116
euthanasia
induction of death in a sick, injured or unwatned animal
117
marine biologist
study of plant and animal life in saltwater environments
118
specialty boards
16 in veterinary medicine
119
veterinarian
earn a DMV, a four year bachelor degree, 4 years oat an accredited veterinary college, pass a written and oral examination, and licensed by the state in which they practice.
120
vet tech
research, private clinic, food inspection and laboratory work environments. Assist vets by obtaining info, preparing animals, collecting specimens, assisting with procedures etc
121
vet assistant
maintains clean environment for animals, prepare animals for treatment, bathe and goom animals, maintains daily records, exercises the animals and collects samples.
122
animal caretaker
cleans kennels, stables, pet shops and shelters. Wildlife and grooming assistant
123
animal breeder
raise animals using selective breeding
124
wound
involves injury to soft tissue. Open or closed. Can result in bleeding
125
open wound
break in skin or mucous membrane. Includes abrasions, incisions, lacerations, punctures, avulsions and amputations
126
closed wound
no break in skin and mucous membranes. but injury to the underlying tissues
127
abrasions
skin is scraped off the wound. Bleeding is usually limited. Infection must be prevented because dirt and contaminants often enter the wound.
128
incision
cut in the wound with a surgical instrument
129
laceration
tearing of tissue with excessive force. bleeding may be heavy
130
puncture
sharp object enters the skin, internal bleeding can occur
131
avulsion
tissue is torn or separated from the body. Bleeding is heavy
132
amputation
body part is cut off
133
control bleeding
first priority in caring for wounds.
134
arterial bleeding
usually spurts from the wound. bright red
135
venous blood
slower, steadier, less red than arterial blood, clots easily
136
capillary blood
oozes from the wound slowly. less red than arterial blood. clots easily
137
direct pressure, elevation, pressure bandage, pressure points
four methods to control bleeding
138
direct pressure
gloved hand, applying pressure directly over the wound
139
elevation
raise the injured part above the heart to allow gravity to slow down blood flow to the injured part
140
pressure bandage
apply a bandage to hold dressings in place, maintain direct pressure and elevation while applying a pressure
141
pressure points
put pressure on a main artery to cut off blood flow to the injured part of the body
142
signs of shock
pale skin, clammy skin, rapid breathing and pulse, restlessness, anxiety, mental dullness, nausea, low blood pressure, blow normal body temperature
143
epidermis and dermis
two layers of skin
144
causes of red skin
excess circulation to a part of the body
145
causes of yellow skin
liver disease/failure
146
causes of white skin
extreme blood loss, shock, hypothermia
