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HOSA > HOSA Dental Terminology > Flashcards

HOSA Dental Terminology Flashcards

1
Q

Roentgen (R)

A

Basic unit of exposure to radiation; C/kg

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2
Q

Maximum Permissible Dose
(MPD)

A

Highest rate of radiation exposure

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3
Q

Rad (radiation absorbed dose)

A

unit of absorbed radiation; Gy

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4
Q

Rem (roentgen equivalent measure)

A

unit of radiation needed to produced same biological effect of one R; Sv

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5
Q

Erythema Dose

A

radiation overdose that produces redness of the skin

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6
Q

Dosimeter

A

device to measure the amount of stray/secondary radiation

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7
Q

Lead Barriers, Shields

A

device that blocks out scattered radiation

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8
Q

Phantom

A

device used for practice in learning radiation-exposure techniques, Dexter

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9
Q

Express Contract

A

Verbal or written words that are agreed on in an established contract

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10
Q

Liner applicator

A

to place calcium hydroxide or glass ionomer in cavity preparation.

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11
Q

amalgam plugger

A

used to pack amalgam into tooth

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12
Q

sterilize

A

the process where ALL forms of life are completely destroyed. This includes all microorganisms; bacteria, fungi, viruses and bacterial spores. (Eg- autoclave, chemical vapor sterilization and dry heat sterilization.)

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13
Q

Disinfect

A

the process where SOME forms of microorganisms are destroyed. It does not destroy spores and resistant viruses.

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14
Q

Distal

A

farthest from the midline

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15
Q

Root Canal Therapy

A

process of removing pulp of a tooth and filling it with an inert material.

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16
Q

palate

A

hard and soft tissue forming the roof of the mouth

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17
Q

Broad-spectrum activity

A

capable of killing a wide variety of microbes

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18
Q

bioburden

A

any visible organic debris, blood saliva and other body fluids

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19
Q

Unerupted tooth

A

a tooth that has not pushed through the gum and assumed its correct position in the dental arch

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20
Q

quadrant

A

1/2 of one dental arch

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21
Q

abfraction

A

loss of tooth surface in cervical areas

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22
Q

ameloblast

A

enamel forming cells

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23
Q

angle of the mandible

A

area from which the ramus ascends on the lower border of the mandible

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24
Q

apex

A

root end of the tooth

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25
Q

biteblock

A

device used to hold radiation film in mouth for exposure

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26
Q

biteloop

A

encircles periapical film

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27
Q

buccinator

A

principal cheek muscle

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28
Q

cnaliculi

A

small channels or canals may be present in cementum

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29
Q

candidiasis

A

infection of mouth, thrush

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30
Q

cantilever bridge

A

only one side of device attached

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31
Q

cheilosis

A

inflammation of lips

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32
Q

clasp

A

extension of partial appliance that grasps surrounding teeth for support

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33
Q

commisure

A

corner of the mouth where the lips meet

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34
Q

complex cavity

A

decay involving more than two surfaces of a tooth

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35
Q

compound

A

nonelastic impression material used in edentulous impression

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36
Q

condyloid

A

posterior growth on ramus of the mandible

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37
Q

coping

A

thin covering placed over remaining tooth surface

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38
Q

core buildup

A

use of synthetic material to enlarge tooth core area to provide support for a crown.

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39
Q

cortical plate

A

outer bone layer growth of alveolar bone

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40
Q

crepitus

A

grinding, joint abrasion

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41
Q

cuspid

A

third tooth posterior of the midline, also called canine, eye tooth

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42
Q

cuticle

A

tissue layer covering tooth surface

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43
Q

Nasmyth’s membrane

A

tissue layer covering tooth surface

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44
Q

denticle

A

small tooth growth, pulp stone

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45
Q

embrasure

A

v-shaped tooth gap between contact area and gingival crest

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46
Q

frontanel

A

baby’s soft spot literally “little fountain”

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47
Q

genioplasty

A

plastic surgery of the chin or cheek

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48
Q

gnarled enamel

A

enamel rods twisting and curving within enamel tissue

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49
Q

gomphosis

A

holding and anchoring action of a tooth in its socket

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50
Q

Hawley appliance

A

orthodontic appliance to maintain space after correction

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51
Q

heterodont

A

teeth of various shapes

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52
Q

hyoid

A

small bone in neck area “adam’s apple”

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53
Q

incipient caries

A

beginning decay

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54
Q

incisor

A

cutting, anterior tooth

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55
Q

lacuna

A

small open space in cementum

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56
Q

lamellae

A

developmental imperfections of the enamel extending to the dentin

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57
Q

Maryland bridge

A

bridge cemented to adjacent teeth

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58
Q

masseter

A

muscle of mastication that closes the mouth

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59
Q

mentalis

A

chin muscle that moves chin tissue and raises the lower lip

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60
Q

parotid

A

largest salivary gland located near the ear

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61
Q

pontic

A

artificial tooth part of a bridge

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62
Q

prophy

A

professional tooth cleaning

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63
Q

ptosis

A

drooping or sagging of organ, “witch’s chin.”

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64
Q

resin

A

plastic type material used for dental appliances

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65
Q

resorption

A

removal of hard tooth surface and degeneration of root tissues retromolar

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66
Q

Sharpey’s fibers

A

periodontal ligaments that attach and hold the tooth

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67
Q

simple cavity

A

decay on only one suface

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68
Q

smile line

A

amount of tooth space viewed when patient is smiling

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69
Q

symphysis

A

center of mandible

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70
Q

inventory

A

an itemized compilation of materials on hand

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71
Q

dosage

A

the amount of a medicine administered

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72
Q

stable

A

bone and soft tissue closing the space encompassed by the upper alveolar arch

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73
Q

crevice

A

a narrow opening due to a fissure or crack

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74
Q

intubation

A

insertion of a tube

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75
Q

mulling

A

final step of mixing dental amalgam

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76
Q

infusion

A

therapeutic introduction of a fluid into a vein

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77
Q

distention

A

a state of dilation

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78
Q

leverage

A

mechanical use of a lever

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79
Q

penetration

A

ability of radiation to extend down into and go through substances

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80
Q

malposed

A

in an abnormal position

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81
Q

current

A

a measure of the number of electrons per second that pass a given point on a conductor

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82
Q

germicide

A

substance capable of killing a wide variety of microorganisms

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83
Q

respirator

A

a device for giving artificial respiration

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84
Q

ligate

A

to bind or tie with a suture

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85
Q

inspirator

A

a form of inhaler or repirator

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86
Q

astringent

A

an agent that limits the secretions of glands

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87
Q

hemisection

A

complete sectioning through the crown of a tooth

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88
Q

ejectore

A

a device sued to remove debris and fluids; and aspirator

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89
Q

extrusion

A

movement of teeth beyond the natural coronal plane

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90
Q

stomatitis

A

inflammation of oral soft tissues

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91
Q

deviation

A

turning from a regular course

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92
Q

emulsion

A

a colloidal dispersion of one liquid in another

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93
Q

sensory

A

pertaining to sensation

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94
Q

vasomotor

A

causing expansion or contraction of blood vessel walls

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95
Q

flexion

A

bending of a joint; opposite of extension

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96
Q

cathode

A

a negative electrode from which electrons are emitted

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97
Q

anode

A

the electrically positive terminal of a roentgen ray tube

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98
Q

diagnosis

A

translation of data into a definition of a condition

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99
Q

fibrillation

A

local quivering of muscle fibers

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100
Q

lentula

A

a flexible spiral-wire instruments

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101
Q

myoma

A

a neoplasm characterized by muscle cells

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102
Q

sublingual

A

located beneath the tongue

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103
Q

dentition

A

the natural teeth in position in the dental arches

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104
Q

cyst

A

a pathologic space in bone or soft tissue containing fluid or semifluid material

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105
Q

cognition

A

higher mental process of understanding

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106
Q

acidosis

A

a acid-base imbalance of the body

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107
Q

adenitis

A

inflammation of glandular tissue

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108
Q

spatulation

A

manipulation of material with a spatula to mix it into a mass

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109
Q

mandrel

A

a shaft that holds any object to be rotated

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110
Q

amalgam

A

an alloy, one of the constituents of which is mercery

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111
Q

cementum

A

specialized connective tissue that covers the anatomic root of the tooth

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112
Q

facet

A

flattened, highly polished wear pattern on teeth

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113
Q

osteonomy

A

excision of all or a part of a bone

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114
Q

resonance

A

vibratory response to a frequency

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115
Q

embolus

A

a blood clot or other material that travels in the bloodstream and lodges in a vessel

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116
Q

fricative

A

a forceable speech sound

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117
Q

antibody

A

a specific substance that is produced by an animal as a reaction to a presence of an antigen

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118
Q

cannula

A

a tube for insertion into the body

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119
Q

tincture

A

an alcoholic solution of a drug

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120
Q

tragus

A

prominence in front of the external ear opening

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121
Q

asepsis

A

free of viable pathogenic microorganisms

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122
Q

curie

A

a measurement of radioactivity

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123
Q

hypertrophy

A

enlargement of an overgrowth of a part

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124
Q

osteoplsty

A

surgical modification of a bone

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125
Q

detergent

A

a cleanser

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126
Q

metabolism

A

The sum of chemical changes in the function of nutrition

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127
Q

rale

A

abnormal sound heard in the trachea. bronchi or lungs

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128
Q

exrtrude

A

to elevate to move a tooth coronally

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129
Q

parenteral

A

not through the alimentary canal

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130
Q

sputum

A

matter ejection from the mouth

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131
Q

buckling

A

the crowding of anterior teeth in the dental arch

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132
Q

sarcoma

A

malignant neoplasm of connective tissue

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133
Q

hepatitis

A

inflammation of the liver

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134
Q

dermatosis

A

any disease of the skin

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135
Q

localization

A

restriction to a limited area

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136
Q

orthopedic

A

connection of abnormal form or relationship of bone structures

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137
Q

autoclave

A

an apparatus for sterilization by steam under pressuse

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138
Q

reaction

A

a response of a part to simulation

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139
Q

lupus

A

a disease of the skin and mucous membrane

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140
Q

tuberosity

A

elevation from the surface, usually of the bone

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141
Q

radiolucent

A

permitting the passage of radiant energy

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142
Q

oxygenate

A

to saturate with oxygen

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143
Q

ataxia

A

muscular in coordination characterized by irregular muscle activity

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144
Q

periodontics

A

the study of the supporting structures of teeth

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145
Q

clonus

A

alternating muscular spasm and relaxation in rapid succession

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146
Q

etiology

A

study of factors causing disease

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147
Q

syringe

A

apparatus used in inject liquid into a cavity or under the skin

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148
Q

plexus

A

network of nerves, lymphatics or veins

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149
Q

apnea

A

a temporary cessation of respiratory movements

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150
Q

edentulous

A

without teeth; lacking teeth

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151
Q

dyspnea

A

difficult or labored breathing

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152
Q

hypoplasia

A

incomplete development of any tissue or structure

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153
Q

hatchet

A

an angled cutting hand instrument

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154
Q

pellagra

A

a nutritional deficiency due to faulty intake or metabolism of nicotine acid

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155
Q

periosteum

A

connective tissue that covers bones

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156
Q

spicule

A

a small needle- shaped body

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157
Q

swage

A

shaping metal by hammering it into a die

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158
Q

stylet

A

wire inserted into a soft catherer or cannula to secure rigidity

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159
Q

diluent

A

an agent that dilutes the strength of a solution

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160
Q

dialysis

A

diffusion through the membrane

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161
Q

desiccate

A

to dry by chemical or physical means

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162
Q

malaise

A

a general feeling of discomfort or uneasiness

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163
Q

leukopenia

A

decrease in the normal number of whit blood cells

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164
Q

macrophage

A

a large phagocytic cell

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165
Q

keloid

A

hypertrophy of scar tissue after skin trauma

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166
Q

hypochondria

A

neurotic anxiety about disease

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167
Q

cyanosis

A

bluish tinge of the skin and membranes

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168
Q

lymphocyte

A

a form of white blood cell

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169
Q

rythm

A

a measured movement

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170
Q

extenuate

A

to lessen

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171
Q

geriatrics

A

department of medicine that treats health problems of the aging

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172
Q

debris

A

foreign material loosely attached to a surface

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173
Q

tracheostomy

A

surgical formation of an opening into the trachea

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174
Q

aphagia

A

inability to swallow

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175
Q

binangle

A

an instrument having two off setting angles in its shank

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176
Q

callus

A

tissue about the fragments of a broken bone that become involved int the repair of the fracture

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177
Q

aphasia

A

loss of power of expression due to disease or injury of the brain centers

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178
Q

trismus

A

spasms of the masticatory muscles

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179
Q

pledget

A

minute pellet of absorption pellet

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180
Q

hypoxia

A

low oxygen content

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181
Q

antiemetic

A

a drug used to prevent or relieve nausea.

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182
Q

bifurcation

A

division into two parts or branches

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183
Q

cantle

A

a fragment

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184
Q

epistaxis

A

bleeding from the nose

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185
Q

trituration

A

mixing silver alloy fillings with mercury to produce amalgam

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186
Q

auricle

A

the external part of the ear

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187
Q

chondroma

A

a benign tumor of cartilage

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188
Q

afflux

A

the rush of blood to a part

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189
Q

carious

A

pertaining to caries or decay

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190
Q

epyema

A

pus in cavity or space

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191
Q

dolor

A

pain

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192
Q

eutaxia

A

normal muscle coordination

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193
Q

macule

A

lesion of the mucous membrane not above the skins surface

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194
Q

polydipisia

A

abnormally increased thirst

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195
Q

vesicant

A

substance that can produce blistering on direct contact with skin

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196
Q

basion

A

mid line point at the anterior margin of the occidental foramen

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197
Q

accretions

A

accumulation of foreign material such as plaque and calcus on teeth

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198
Q

asynergy

A

lack of muscular coordination

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199
Q

hypnic

A

inducing or pertaining to sleep

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200
Q

eupnea

A

easy or normal respirations

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201
Q

hypophysis

A

pituitary gland

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202
Q

parulis

A

a gumboil

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203
Q

nasion

A

root of the nose at the median saggital plane

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204
Q

mucositis

A

inflammation of the mucous membrane

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205
Q

pronasion

A

prominent point on the tip of the nose

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206
Q

typodont

A

artificial model of teeth used for teaching technique exercises

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207
Q

condyle

A

rounded surface at a bones articular end

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208
Q

flouridate

A

add fluoride to water supply

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209
Q

hemamgioma

A

a benign neoplasm

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210
Q

infradentale

A

most anterior point of the alveolar mandibular process

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211
Q

adjunct

A

a drug to other substance that serves a supplement purpose in therapy

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212
Q

xanthoma

A

small yellow nodules that generally occur in subcutaneous tissue

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213
Q

vestibuloplasty

A

surgical procedure to restore alveolar ridge height

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214
Q

alopecia

A

deficiency of hair

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215
Q

apraxia

A

inability to act purposefully do to selective damage of brain centers

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216
Q

iodophor

A

a loose compound of iodine

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217
Q

leukoplakia

A

white plaque formed on the oral mucus membranes

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218
Q

kyphosis

A

humpback

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219
Q

kaolin

A

fine, pure whit clay

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220
Q

abducens

A

sixth cranial nerve, used for lateral eye sense and movement

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221
Q

abfraction

A

loss of tooth surface in the cervical area, caused by tooth grinding compression forces

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222
Q

acetaminophen

A

drug used as as aspirin replacement in children

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223
Q

acidifier

A

a chemical ingredient that maintains the required acidity of the fixer and stop-bath solutions

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224
Q

acidity

A

condition of being sour; makes litmus paper red

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225
Q

acquired pellicle

A

little skin; thin covering on teeth, plaque

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226
Q

activate

A

to adjust an appliance so that it will exert force on the teeth and jaws

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227
Q

activator

A

substance that reacts with the initiator to start polymerization

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228
Q

acute radiation exposure

A

radiation resulting from a massive, short-term, ionizing dose, such as an accidental exposure or explosion of radiation material

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229
Q

adenoid

A

lymphatic tissue found in the nasopharynx area

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230
Q

adjunctive orthodontics

A

procedures necessary to correct or restore function

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231
Q

adrenocorticosteroids

A

byproducts from the adrenal cortex; drugs to treat inflamed conditions, allergies, and emergencies

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232
Q

ala-tragus line

A

imaginary line from the ala (wing) of the nose to the ear meatus (center)

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233
Q

allopexia

A

deficiency of hair, baldness

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234
Q

alternating pulse sound

A

alternation weak and strong pulsations

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235
Q

alveolectomy

A

surgical removal of alveolar bone barrow= crests

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236
Q

alveolus

A

bone growth on the bone of maxilla and mandible; makes up and forms tooth sockets

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237
Q

alveoplastomy

A

surgical reshaping or contouring of alveolar bone

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238
Q

AMBU bag

A

bag placed over the nose and mouth of the victim to force air into the lungs

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239
Q

amoxicillin

A

anti-infective antibiotic drug (ex Amosil, Larotid)

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240
Q

amplicillin

A

anti-infective antibiotic type of drug (ex Polucillin, Omnipen)

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241
Q

analgesia

A

without pain

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242
Q

aneroid

A

dial-type blood pressure device using air pressure readings

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243
Q

anerusym

A

dilation of a blood vessel due to wall weakness, possible rupture

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244
Q

anodyne

A

agent or drug for pain relief (mild drug)

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245
Q

angina pectoris

A

pain or pressure around the heart

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246
Q

ankyloglossia

A

shortness of the lingual frenum, “tounge-tied”, limited tongue movement

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247
Q

ankylosis

A

stiff joint caused by bone fusion; tooth fixation, retention of a deciduous tooth

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248
Q

anopsia

A

blindness

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249
Q

anosmia

A

loss of sense of smell

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250
Q

anoxia

A

total lack of oxygen

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251
Q

antagonism

A

opposite or contrary action of drug

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252
Q

antagonist

A

opposite tooth; tooth that occludes or counteracts

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253
Q

antecubital fossa

A

interior depression of the elbow. blood pressure site

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254
Q

antiflux

A

material, usually graphite, applied to retard the forward advance of melted solder

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255
Q

antihyperlipids

A

drugs that decrease or prevent high blood lipid plasma

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256
Q

antipyretic

A

drug used to reduce a fever

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257
Q

aperture

A

opening or port in the lead collimator disk that regulates the size of the beam

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258
Q

apexification

A

treatment of a nonvital tooth to stimulate closure

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259
Q

aphthous ulcer

A

canker sore

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260
Q

aplasia

A

failure of an organ or body part to develop

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261
Q

apposition

A

addition of parts; fourth stage of tooth development

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262
Q

armamentarium

A

layout of dental equipment and material

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263
Q

arrested caries

A

decay showing no progressive tendencies

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264
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

small artery closing; may be caused by plaque but usually over the course of time, arteries begin to harden and not be as elastic

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265
Q

arthrotomy

A

cutting into a joint

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266
Q

articular eminence

A

forms anterior boundary of the glenoid fossa and helps maintain the mandible in position

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267
Q

articulate

A

coming together in a pattern of design, to place in a connected sequence

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268
Q

articulating paper

A

colored paper strip for testing level of occlusion

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269
Q

articulation

A

movement of teeth of the lower jaw in and up-and-down,tooth position relationship

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270
Q

articulator

A

mechanical device that simulates jaw point actions.

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271
Q

asphyxiation

A

not breathing, results form oxygen imbalance

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272
Q

aspirating tips

A

tip ends placed into suction tubes; used to remove mouth moisture

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273
Q

atherosclerosis

A

narrowed arteries caused by buildup of plaque; preventable

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274
Q

atrioventricular

A

valve situation between the atrium and ventricle

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275
Q

attenuated

A

diluted or reduced virulence of a pathogenic microbe

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276
Q

auditory meatus

A

large opening in temporal bone for passage of the auditory nerve

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277
Q

auditory ossicles

A

small bone in the ear; not not considered part of the face or skull

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278
Q

aural

A

pertaining to the ear; site for taking temperature

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279
Q

augmentation

A

buildup of gingival ad bone tissue in collapsed area, resulting from tooth extraction

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280
Q

autogenous

A

in transplantation, moving a tooth from one area to another in the same cavity

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281
Q

autograft

A

bone graft form another site in the same patient

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282
Q

auxiliary springs

A

stainless steel attachment used to apply force for directional pull

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283
Q

axial surface

A

long-length surface of a tooth; axis

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284
Q

axillary

A

under the armpit; site for taking temperature

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285
Q

biteplane

A

a removable appliance that covers the occlusal surface of the teeth to prevent twit articulation

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286
Q

biteplane

A

a removable appliance that covers the occlusal surface of the teeth to prevent twit articulation

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287
Q

bromopnea

A

bad breath (aka halitosis)

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288
Q

calculus

A

(aka tartar) hardened plaque caused by the accumulation of minerals (e.g. calcium salts) from saliva on plaque

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289
Q

canine

A

one of the four pointed teeth in humans; cupids

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290
Q

cassette

A

a lightweight container in which x-ray films are placed for radiation exposure

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291
Q

carotid

A

either one of the two main arteries of the neck

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292
Q

cherubism

A

genetic disorder resulting in enlargement of cheek tissue and other facial structures

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293
Q

dens in dente

A

tooth within a tooth

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294
Q

dentinogenesis imperfecta

A

incomplete of improper development of dentin tissue, between enamel and cementum

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295
Q

early tooth exfoliation

A

tooth loss resulting in shifting of tooth and loss of position

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296
Q

ejector

A

an aspirator; device used to remove debris and fluids

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297
Q

enameloplasty

A

reshaping of a tooth/removing a small amount of the enamel by grinding

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298
Q

fibroma

A

a hard fibrous/connective tissue tumor in the jaw/mouth, benign

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299
Q

flexion

A

bending of a joint, opposite of extension

300
Q

foramen

A

a natural opening in a bone

301
Q

forceps

A

used to grasp tissue and clamp blood vessels

302
Q

fossa

A

a pit, hollow of depression

303
Q

gangrene

A

death of tissue (necrosis) en masse, caused by lack of blood supply

304
Q

gemination

A

division of a single tooth into 2

305
Q

gingivosis

A

desquamative fingicitis (red, ulcerated, shedding gums)

306
Q

glenoid

A

the fossa in the temporal bone in which condyles of the mandible articulate with the skull

307
Q

hematoma

A

mass of blood in tissue

308
Q

hemostasis

A

arrest of bleeding

309
Q

hemostat

A

stops bleeding by clamping the blood vessel

310
Q

howe pliers

A

(aka 110) straight and includes breaks that have a flat rounded end, making them useful for holding items

311
Q

humectant

A

substance that prevents moisture loss

312
Q

hyperemia

A

excessive amounts of blood flow to a tissue

313
Q

hyperdontia

A

supernumerary teeth; teeth that appear in addition to the regular number of teeth

314
Q

hypodontia

A

missing teeth due to lack of growth

315
Q

intrinsic

A

internal discoloration of teeth resulting from diet, medication, or excessive fluoride intake during tooth development

316
Q

keratosis

A

type of wart

317
Q

lentula

A

a flexible spiral-wire instrument

318
Q

linear applicator

A

place calcium hydroxide in or glass ionomer in cavity preparation

319
Q

lipoma

A

benign fatty tumor

320
Q

lymphangioma

A

tumor made up of lymphatic vessels

321
Q

mendula

A

lower jaw

322
Q

ostectomy

A

removal/excision of all or part of a bone surrounding a tooth

323
Q

osteoma

A

a benign neoplasm of bone tissue

324
Q

papilloma

A

neoplasm arising form epithelial cells; benign tumor

325
Q

retrofill endodontic restoration

A

process of filling a root canal beginning from the apex of the tooth to the pulp

326
Q

restoration

A

returning of tooth to normal function and purpose; last step of root canal treatment

327
Q

dental dam

A

used to isolate the endodontic site

328
Q

dental dam material

A

thin sheet of latex or non-latex rubber that varies in thickness, color, and size; component of a dental dam

329
Q

dental dam frame

A

device used to hold dental dam material in place; may be metal or plastic, rigid or adjustable

330
Q

dental dam punch

A

device used to place selected holes in dam material for isolating a tooth/teeth

331
Q

dental dam forceps

A

hand device used to transport and place clamps/retainers around a tooth being isolated with a dental dam

332
Q

rubber dam stamp and pad

A

making stamper and pad devices used to indicated alignment spots for puncturing dental dam material with the punch

333
Q

dental dam clamp

A

retaining device used to hold dental dam material in the mouth;
Ex: dental floss, latex stabilizing cord, small piece of dental dam

334
Q

file

A

thin, rough-edged instrument used to plane and smooth pupal walls

335
Q

flex file

A

stainless steel or nickel titanium alloy file that is stringer and more flexible; used in narrow, curved root canals

336
Q

pesso reamer

A

thicker, engine-driven reamer with larger and longer parallel cutting edges for use in root canal openings

337
Q

paper points

A

small, narrow, absorbent paper tips that may be inserted into a obdurated root canal; used to dry the prep site or to carry medication to the area; available in various gauges and lengths or

338
Q

stopper

A

small piece of elastic band or commercial plug that is moved up or down the shaft or an endodontic instrument; used to mark and indicated the length of penetration

339
Q

rotary burs and stones

A

friction grip burs with diamond or carbide tips used to gain access to a root canal through restoration and crowns

340
Q

root canal plugger

A

longer-shanked with a flat tipped nib; used to condense and adapt root canal filling material

341
Q

root canal condenser

A

handled, long- tip instrument that may be heated and used to condense gutta-percha to root canal walls

342
Q

lentulo spiral drill

A

thin, twisted wire, latch type rotary instrument used to spread calcium hydoxide or cement into a root canal

343
Q

apex locator machine

A

used to determine to proximty of the test file to the root apex and relate to information to PC board screen during preparation of a root canal

344
Q

heat carrier machine

A

provides adjustable heat to soften, deliver, and condense guttapercha to a root canal

345
Q

electric endodontic handpiece

A

permit the use of instruments at slow speeds for finger instrument

346
Q

luer-loc syringe

A

barrel-type syringe with piston force plunger; used to inject fluids into cavity

347
Q

silver points

A

tapered silver points comparable in size to files and reamers; used to fill root canal

348
Q

cement pastes and fillers

A

zinc oxide and eugenol mixes with the commercial materials; used to cement points in a root canal

349
Q

sodium hypochlorite

A

chemical used to clean and sterilize

350
Q

hydrogen peroxide

A

chemical used to clan and sterilize

351
Q

glycerin

A

used to lubricate root canal

352
Q

chelator

A

chemical ion softener used to soften tissue

353
Q

citric acid

A

used to soften tissue

354
Q

EDTA

A

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid; used to soften tissue

355
Q

dessicant

A

used to dry an area or clear away other chemical traces; EX: methanol, ethanol alcohol

356
Q

curettage

A

scraping of the apical area; may be necessary to remove necrotic tissue

357
Q

bicuspidization

A

surgical division of a tooth retaining both sides

358
Q

concussion

A

tooth loosened as a result of a blow; usually recovery occurs with minimal attention

359
Q

subluxation

A

tooth partially dislocated; may evidence bleeding but require only minor attention

360
Q

lateral luxation

A

tooth may be partially displaced with the root apex tilted forward

361
Q

extruded luxation

A

tooth may be forced partially out of its socket

362
Q

replantation

A

replacing an avulsed tooth in its tooth socket; in some rare cases, if RCT cannot be completed in a conventional manner, the tooth may be extracted, undergo RCT, and then be reinserted and stabilized into the same alveolus

363
Q

transplantion

A

transfer of a tooth from one alveolar socket to another

364
Q

homogeneous

A

describing a transplantation in which a tooth is transferred and inserted from one place to another

365
Q

heterogenous

A

describing a transplantation in which a tooth is transferred from one species to another; not yet a feasible practice

366
Q

intracanal bleaching

A

process of heating or photo-oxidizing with ultraviolet rays to help lighten the tooth color

367
Q

removable appliance

A

prosthesis that is placed in and out of the mouth at patient’s will

368
Q

base metals

A

chromium-cobalt or chomium nickle; used in the construction of prostheses, may be used alone or in a mixture with noble alloys

369
Q

acrylic

A

synthetic resin material used in the fabrication of appliance parts, as coverings for the metal frameworks, or as natural tissue replacement

370
Q

ductility

A

ability of a material to be drawn or hammered out, as into a fine wire, without breaking

371
Q

inlay

A

solid casted or milled restoration involving some occlusal and proximal surfaces that is cemented into a tooth preperation

372
Q

onlay

A

solid casted or milled restoration that covers some occlusal tooth cusp and side wall area that is cemented onto the prepared site

373
Q

full crown

A

cast metal, tooth-shaped cover that replaces the entire crown area; acrylic resin crowns maybe used as a temporary crown cover during treatment

374
Q

jacket crown

A

thin, preformed, metal shield used to cover a large area of anterior crowns; can be gold metal covered with porcelain material to resemble tooth enamel

375
Q

dowel crown

A

full crown cover with dowel pin extending into the root canal of a pulpless tooth. usually with positioned on an anterior teeth

376
Q

porcelain-fused-to-gold (PFM)

A

crown that has a complete capping of metal based with fused porcelain to metal, giving tooth contour, shape, and cover

377
Q

direct veneer

A

veneer that is placed and cured directly on the tooth surface to build up the area of replace missing tooth structure

378
Q

indirect veneer

A

tooth material is prepared in the lab and later cemented onto the tooth structure

379
Q

fixed bridge

A

bridge that is cemented into the oral cavity and not removed by the patient, the number of teeth involved in the appliance determines the number of units

380
Q

resin-bonded bridge

A

bridge that replaces anterior or posterior tooth and is cemented directly to the adjacent or abutting teeth; also called Maryland bridge

381
Q

adjacent teeth

A

may be included in units if they are involved in the bridge area

382
Q

complete denture

A

full denture designed to replace the entire dentition of an upper or lower arch

383
Q

overdenture

A

prosthetic denture that is prepared to fit and be secures upon implant posts or prepared retained roots

384
Q

framework

A

metal skeleton or spine onto which a removable prosthesis is constructed

385
Q

saddle

A

part of the removable prosthesis that strides or saddles the gingival crest; used to balance the prosthesis, and serves as a base for placement of artificial teeth

386
Q

rests

A

small extensions of removable prosthesis made ti fit or sit atop the adjoining teeth; provide balance and stability for partial denture appliance, named for the area that is in contact with the tooth surface-occlusal, lingual, incisal, ect.

387
Q

connector

A

used to connect quadrants of a partial denture or connect and support an overdenture

388
Q

stress breaker

A

connector applied in stress-bearing areas to provide a safe area for breakage

389
Q

artificial teeth

A

anatomical substitutes for natural teeth; made of porcelain or acrylic material in various shades and shapes, called molds

390
Q

denture base

A

acrylic part of the denture prosthesis that substitutes for the gingival tissue

391
Q

post dam

A

posterior edge of the maxillary denture, helps to maintain the denture and suction

392
Q

elastometric

A

having properties similar to rubber

393
Q

hydrocolloid

A

impression material that is both reversible and irreversible, agar-like material that can change from one form to another

394
Q

reversible hydrocolloid

A

impression material that can change from a solid or gel state to a liquid form and back again, depending upon temperature changes

395
Q

thermoplastic

A

quality of a material that changes from a rigid to plastic or movable form as a result of application of heat

396
Q

irreversible hydrocolloid

A

quality that, once chemically set or in gel form, cannot be reversed or used again; water balance and stability can be affected by humidity

397
Q

imbibition

A

swelling from absorption of water

398
Q

extruder gun

A

twin-cartridge, calibrated mixing dispenser, used for rubber bases

399
Q

basic types of rubber bases

A

silicone, polyther, polysulfide, polyvinylsiloxane

400
Q

alveoectomy

A

surgical removal of alveolar bone crests, may be required to provide smooth alveolar ridge for denture seating

401
Q

alveoplasty

A

surgical reshaping or contouring of alveolar bone

402
Q

reduction

A

removal tooth decay and surfaces to receive the appliance; various margin edges are prepared on the natural tooth to accommodate the thickness and material of the covering artificial crown

403
Q

chamfer

A

(tampered margin at tooth cervix); preparation to provide junction of the crown and tooth

404
Q

shoulder

A

(cut gigival margin edge); preparation to provide junction of the crown and tooth

405
Q

bevel

A

(slanted edge); tooth preparation for seating and holding a crown

406
Q

bone

A

hard connective tissue that forms the framework of the body the hardness is attributable to the hydioxyapatite crystal

407
Q

Buccal Development Groove

A

Gropve that separates the buccal cusps on a buccal surface

408
Q

buccle glands

A

small minor salivary glands in the cheek

409
Q

calcification

A

process when organic tissue hardens by a deposit if calcium salts within its substance. the term, connects the deposition of any mineral salts that contribute to the hardening and maturation of hard tissue

410
Q

capsule

A

fibrous band of tissue surrounding a joint

411
Q

cell

A

basic functioning component of the body; capable of reproducing itself in most instances (tissues are made up of groups of cells)

412
Q

cemento enamel junction (CEJ)

A

junction of the enamel of the crown and the cementum of the root. this junction forms the cervical line around the tooth

413
Q

cementoma

A

cementum tumor at root tip that destroys surrounding bone

414
Q

central development groove

A

developmental groove that crosses the occlusal surface of the tooth from the mesial to the distal side; divides the tooth into buccle and lingual parts

415
Q

Centric Occlusion (central occlusion)

A

Relationship of the occlusal surfaces of one arch to those of the other when the jaws are closed and the teeth are in maximum intercuspation.

416
Q

Centric Relation

A

Arch-to-Arch relationship of the maxilla to the mandible when the condyles are in their most upward position, the mandible is in its most posterior position, and the jaw is most braced by its musculature.

417
Q

Cervical Line

A

Line formed by the junction of the Enamel and cementum on a tooth

418
Q

Cervical Line

A

Line formed by the junction of the Enamel and cementum on a tooth

419
Q

Cervical Thrid

A

Portion of the crown or root of the tooth at or near the cervical line.

420
Q

Cervicoenamel Ridge

A

Prominent ridge of the enamel immediately near the cervical line on the crown of the tooth

421
Q

Cervix

A

Constricted structure; the narrow region at the junction of the crown and the root of the tooth.

422
Q

Cricumvallate Papillae

A

Large V-shaped row of papillae lying on the posterior dorsum of the tongue. (Also called the Vallete Pappillae)

423
Q

Class I Occlusal Relationship

A

Normal relationship between maxillary and mandibular molars

424
Q

Class I Occlusal Relationship

A

Normal relationship between maxillary and mandibular molars

425
Q

Class II Occlusal Relationship

A

Relationship in which a mandibular molar is posterior to its normal position

426
Q

Class III Occlusal Relationship

A

Relationship in which a mandibular molar is anterior to its normal position

427
Q

Cleft Lip

A

Gap in the upper lip that occurs during development

428
Q

Cleft Palate

A

Lack of joining together of the hard or soft palates

429
Q

Clinical Root

A

Part of the tooth embedded in the gingiva and socket

430
Q

Clinical Root

A

Part of the tooth embedded in the ginglva and socket

431
Q

Concavity

A

Depression in a surface

432
Q

Congenital

A

Occurring at or before birth, may or may not be hereditary

433
Q

Contact area

A

Area of contact of one tooth with another in the same arch

434
Q

Contact point

A

Specific point at which a tooth from one arch occludes with another tooth on the opposing arch

435
Q

Cross-Section

A

Cutting through a tooth perpendicular to the long axis

436
Q

Cusp

A

Major pointed or rounded eminence or near the occlusal surface of a tooth

437
Q

Cusp of Carabelli

A

Fifth lobe of a maxillary first molar

438
Q

Cytoplasm

A

Fluid substance of cells

439
Q

Deglutition

A

The action of swallowing

440
Q

Dentin

A

Classified tissue that forms the inside body of a tooth, underlying the cementum and enamel and surrounding the pulpal tissue

441
Q

Dentinal Tubule

A

Apace in the Dentin occupied by the ontoblastic process

442
Q

Dentinocemental Junction

A

Location in root where the dentin joins the cementum

443
Q

Dentoenamel Junction

A

Line marking the juction of the dentin and the enamel

444
Q

Depression

A

Lowering of the mandible or opening of the mouth

445
Q

Developmental Depression

A

Noticeable concavity on the formed frown or root of a tooth; occurs at the junction of two lobes, as on the mesial survace of the maxillary first premolars, or at the furcation of the roots

446
Q

Developmental Grooves

A

Fine depressed lines in the enamel of a tooth that mark the union of the loves of the crown

447
Q

Distal Proximal Surface

A

Proximal surface on the posterior side of a tooth

448
Q

Distal Third

A

Viewed from the facial or lingual surface, the third of the surface farthest from the midline

449
Q

Distobuccal Developmental Groove

A

Developmental groove that extends on the buccal surface of a lower first or third molar between the distobuccal and distal cusps

450
Q

Distoclusion

A

Relationship in which a mandibular molar is anterior to its normal relationship

451
Q

Dorsum of the Tongue

A

Top surface of the tongue

452
Q

Edma

A

Swelling of tissue

453
Q

Edge (incisal)

A

Edge formed at the labioincisal line angle of an anterior tooth after an incisal ridge has worn down

454
Q

Enamel Displasia

A

Abnormalities of enamel growth

455
Q

Enamel Hypocalcification

A

Enamel that is not as dense as regular enamel

456
Q

Enamel Hypoplasia

A

Enamel that is thin or pitted

457
Q

Epithelial Attachment

A

Substance produced by the reduced enamel epithelium that helps secure the attachment epithelium at the base of gingival sulcus to the tooth

458
Q

eruption

A

Movement to the tooth at it emerges through the surrounding tissue so that the clinical crown gradually appears longer

459
Q

eruptive stage

A

period of eruption from the completion of crown formation until the teeth come into occlusion

460
Q

exfoliation

A

shredding or loss of a primary tooth

461
Q

Facial third

A

from a proximal view, the third of the surface closest to the facial side

462
Q

fauces

A

space between the left and the right palatine tonsils

463
Q

FDI system

A

The federation dentaire Internationale (international dental federation); system for tooth identification

464
Q

Filform Papillae

A

small, pointed projections that heavily cover most of the dorsum of anterior two thirds of the tongue

465
Q

Fissure

A

deep cleft; developmental line fault usually found in occlusal or buccal surface of a tooth; commonly result of imperfect fusion of enamel of the adjoining dental loves

466
Q

flurosis

A

discolored enamel resulting from excessive fluoride intake during crown development

467
Q

foliate papillae

A

poorly developed papillae that appears as small vertical folds in the posterior part if the sides of the tongue

468
Q

foramen

A

short circular opening through the bone

469
Q

free gingiva

A

Gingiva that forms the gingival sulcus

470
Q

frenulum

A

little frenum or fold of tissue

471
Q

Frontal sinus

A

air sinus in frontal bone above the eye that opens into the hiatus

472
Q

fungiform papillae

A

small circular papillae scattered throughout the anterior two thirds of the dorsum of the tongue

473
Q

fusion

A

Two teeth that fuse at their dentin while developing

474
Q

gingiva

A

part of the gum tissue that immeditaly surrounds the teeth and alveolar bone

475
Q

gingival crest

A

most occlusal or incisal extent of the gingiva

476
Q

gingival cervice

A

subgingval space that, under normal conditions, lies between the gingival crest and the epithlial attachment

477
Q

gingival sulcus

A

space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

478
Q

incisal edge

A

edge formed at the labioincial line angle of an anterior tooth after an incisal ridge has worn down

479
Q

incisal third

A

From a proximal, lingual, or labial view of an anterior rooth, the third of an anterior tooth, the third of the surface closest to the incisal edge

480
Q

incisive papilla

A

small, rounded, oblong mound of tissue directly behind or lingual to the maxillary central incisors and lying over the incisive foramen

481
Q

Inflammatory reaction

A

Body’s mechanism to combat harmful organisms by bringing more plasma and blood cells to the injured area

482
Q

Inherited

A

passed on by your parents or grandparents

483
Q

interdental

A

located between the teeth

484
Q

interdental papilla

A

prjection of gingiva between the teeth

485
Q

eruption

A

movement of the tooth as it emerges through surrounding tissue so that clinical crown gradually appears longer

486
Q

Eruptive Stage

A

period of eruption from the completion of crown formation until the teeth come into occlusion

487
Q

exfoliation

A

shedding or loss of primary tooth

488
Q

facial third

A

from a proximal view, the third of the surface closest to the facial side

489
Q

fauces

A

space between the left and right palatine tonsils

490
Q

FDI system

A

the federation dentaire international (international dental federation); system for tooth identification

491
Q

filform papillae

A

small, pointed projections that heavily cover most of the dorsum of the anterior two thirds of the tongue

492
Q

fissure

A

deep cleft; developmental line fault usually found in the occlusal of buccal surface of a tooth; commonly the result of imperfect fusion of the enamel of the adjoining dental loves

493
Q

flurosis

A

discolored enamel resulting from excessive fluoride intake during crown development

494
Q

foliate papillae

A

poorly developed papillae that appear as small vertical folds in the posterior part of the sides of the tongue

495
Q

foramen

A

short circular opening through a bone

496
Q

free gingiva

A

gingiva that forms the gingival sulcus

497
Q

frenulum

A

little frenum or fold of tissue

498
Q

fungiform papillae

A

small circular papillae scattered throughout the anterior two thirds of the dorsum of the tongue

499
Q

fusion

A

two teeth that fuse as their dentin while developing

500
Q

gingiva

A

part of the gum tissue that immediately surrounds the teeth and alveolar bone

501
Q

gingival crest

A

most occlusal or incisal extent of the gingiva

502
Q

gingival papillae

A

portion of the gingiva found between the teeth in the interproximal spaces gingival to the contact area; also called interdental papillae

503
Q

gingival sulcus

A

space between the free gingiva and the tooth surface

504
Q

incisal edge

A

edge formed at the labioincisal line angle of of an anterior tooth after an incisal ridge has worn down

505
Q

incisal ridge

A

rounded edge form of the incisal portion of an anterior tooth

506
Q

incisal third

A

from a proximal, lingual, or labial view of an anterior tooth, thee third of an anterior tooth, the third of the surface closest to the incisal edge

507
Q

incisive papilla

A

small, rounded, oblong mound of tissue directly behind or lingual ti the maxillary central incisors and lying over the incisive foramen

508
Q

inflammatory reaction

A

body’s mechanism to combat harmful organisms by bringing more plasma and blood cells to injured area

509
Q

inherdental

A

located between the teeth

510
Q

inherited

A

paaed on from youth to gtsnfes

511
Q

interdental

A

located between the teeth

512
Q

interdental papilla

A

prjection of the gingiva between the teeth

513
Q

interproximal space

A

triangular space between adjoining teeth; the proximal surfaces of the teeth form the sides of the triangle; the alveolar bone, the base, and the contact area of the teeth from the apex

514
Q

labia

A

latin word for lips; singular, labium

515
Q

larynx

A

voice box; the trachea begins just below it

516
Q

larynx

A

voice box; the trachea begins just below it

517
Q

lingual

A

pertaining to or affecting the tongue; next to or toward the tongue

518
Q

lingual frenum

A

fold of tissue that attaches the lip to the labial mucosa at the midline of the lips

519
Q

lingual glands

A

minor salivary glands of the tongue

520
Q

lingual groove

A

developmental groove on the lingual side of the tooth

521
Q

lingual surface

A

see: lingual

522
Q

lingual third

A

from a proximal view, the third of the surface closest to the lingual side

523
Q

mamelon

A

one of the three rounded protuberances of the incisal surface of a newly erupted incisor tooth

524
Q

mandibular arch

A

first pharyngeal arch that forms the area of the mandible and maxilla; the lower dental arch

525
Q

mandibular condyle

A

rounded top of the mandible that articulates with the mandibular fossa

526
Q

mandibular foramen

A

opening on the medial surface of the ramus of the mandible for entrance of the nerves and blood vessels to the lower teeth

527
Q

mandibular process

A

portion of the mandibular pharyngeal arch that forms the mandible

528
Q

mandibular tori

A

bony growths on the lingual cortical plate of the bone opposite the mandibular canines

529
Q

marginal ridge

A

ridge or elevation of enamel forming the margin of the surface of a tooth; specifically at the mesial and distal margins of the occlusal surfaces of premolars and molars, and the mesial and distal margins of the lingual surfaces of incisors and canines

530
Q

maxillary arch

A

upper dental arch

531
Q

maxillary sinus

A

largest of the paired paranasal sinuses, located in the maxilla

532
Q

maxillary tuberosity

A

bulging posterior surface of the maxilla behind the third molar region

533
Q

median line

A

vertical (central) line that divides the body into right and left; the median line of the face

534
Q

mesial drift

A

phenomenon of permanent molars continuing to move mesially after eruption

535
Q

mesial third

A

from a facial or lingual view, the third of the surface closest to the midline

536
Q

mixed dentition

A

state of having primary and permanent teeth in the dental arches at the same time

537
Q

mucosa

A

most epithelial linings of the oral cavity and the respiratory and digestive systems

538
Q

mucous

A

pertaining to mucus; the thick viscous secretion of a gland

539
Q

mulberry molars

A

molars with multiple cusps that are caused by congenital syphilis

540
Q

multiple root

A

root with more than one branch

541
Q

nonsuccedaneous

A

permanent teeth that do not succeed or replace deciduous

542
Q

occlusal plane

A

side view of the occlusal suirfaces

543
Q

occlusal third

A

from a proximal, lingual, or buccal view of a posterior tooth, the third of the surface closest to the occlusal surface

544
Q

occlusal trama

A

injury brought about by one tooth prematurely hitting another during closure of the jaws

545
Q

Odontoma

A

tumor made up of enamel, dentin, dementum, and pulp

546
Q

open contract

A

space between adjacent teeth in the same arch, an inerproixmal opening instead of a contact area where the teeth touched

547
Q

Overhanging restoration

A

excess of filling material extending past the confines of the tooth preparation, an over extension of filling material

548
Q

palmer notation system

A

system of coding teeth using brackets, numbers, and letters

549
Q

papillary gingiva

A

gingiva that forms the interdental papillae

550
Q

paramolar

A

small supernumerary tooth located buccally or lingually to a molar

551
Q

parasumpathetic nervous system

A

Part of the autonomic nervous system that originates from some of the cranial nerves and some of the sacral nerves. It controls a number of functions, including simulation of the salivary glands.

552
Q

parathyroid gland

A

small gland embedded in the thyroid gland that helps control calcium metabolism in the body

553
Q

passive eruption

A

condition in which the tooth does not move but the gingival attachment moves father apically

554
Q

peg shaped lateral

A

poorly formed maxillary lateral incisor with a cone shaped crown

555
Q

periapical

A

around the tip of the root of the mouth

556
Q

periodontal

A

surrounding a tooth

557
Q

philtrum

A

small depression at the midline of the upper lip

558
Q

pillars

A

folds of tissue appearing in front of and behind the palatine tonsils

559
Q

posterior

A

situated toward the back, as premolars and molars

560
Q

posterior pillars

A

folds of tissue behind the tonsil that contain the palatopharyngeus muscle

561
Q

pre- eruptive stage

A

period when the crown of the tooth is developing

562
Q

premature contact stage

A

area in which an upper and lower tooth touch and hit each other before the rest of the teeth occlude

563
Q

premaxilla

A

bony area of the upper jaw that includes the alveotar ridge for the incisors and the area immediately behind it.

564
Q

premolars

A

permanent teeth that replace the primary molars

565
Q

primary dentin

A

dentin formed from the beginning of calcfication

566
Q

primary palate

A

the early developing part of the hard palate that originates from the medial nasal process and forms a V-shaped wedge of tissue that runs from the incisive foramen forward and laterally between the lateral incisors and canines of the maxilla

567
Q

proximal

A

nearest, next, immediately adjacent to; distal or mesial

568
Q

pulp canal

A

canal in the root of a tooth, including the pulp canal and pulp chamber

569
Q

pulp chamber

A

cavity or chamber in the center of the crown of a tooth that normally contains the major portion of the dental pulp. The pulp canals lead into the pulp chambers

570
Q

pulp dental

A

highly vascular and innervated connective tissue contained within the pulp cavity of the tooth. It is composed of arteries, veins, nerves, connective tissues and cells, lymph tissue, and odontoblasts

570
Q

pulp dental

A

highly vascular and innervated connective tissue contained within the pulp cavity of the tooth. It is composed of arteries, veins, nerves, connective tissues and cells, lymph tissue, and odontoblasts

571
Q

pulp horn (horn of pulp)

A

extension of pulp tissue into a thin point of the pulp chamber into the tooth crown

572
Q

pulp stones

A

small, dentin like calcification in the pulp

573
Q

ramus of the mandible

A

vertical portion of the mandible

574
Q

recession

A

migration of the gingival crest in an apical direction, away from the crown of the tooth

575
Q

referred pain

A

pain that seems to originate in one area, but originates in another

576
Q

reparative dentin

A

localized formation of dentin in response to local trauma, such as occlusal trauma or caries

577
Q

restorption

A

physiological removal of the roots of deciduous teeth, or of some alveolar process after the loss of the permanent teeth

578
Q

retromolar pad

A

pad of tissue behind the mandibular third molars

579
Q

retromolar triangle

A

triangular area of bone just behind the mandibular third molars

580
Q

retrusion

A

act or process of retraction or moving back, as when the mandible is placed in posterior relationship to the maxilla

581
Q

ridge

A

long narrow elevation or crest, as on the surface of a tooth or a bone

582
Q

root

A

portion of tooth that is embedded in the alveolar process and covered with cementum

583
Q

root canal

A

pulp canal

584
Q

root planing

A

process of smoothing the cementum of the root of a tooth

585
Q

rugae

A

small ridges of tissue extending laterally across the anterior of the hard palate

586
Q

secondary dentin

A

dentin found throughout the pulp chamber and pulp canal from the time of eruption

587
Q

single root

A

root with one main branch

588
Q

soft tissue

A

non calcified tissue, such as nerves, arteries, veins, and connective tissue

589
Q

submucosa

A

supporting layer of loose connective tissue under a mucous membrane

590
Q

succedaneous

A

permanent teeth that succeed, or take the place of deciduous teeth after the latter have been shed; that is the incisors, canines, and premolars

591
Q

supplemental groove

A

shallow, linear groove in the enamel of a tooth. It differs from a developmental groove in that it does not mark the junction of lobes; it is a secondary, or smaller, grove

592
Q

supplemental tooth

A

supernumerary tooth that resembles a regular tooth

593
Q

suprtaeruption

A

eruption of a tooth beyond the occlusal plane

594
Q

taste buds

A

small structures in vallate, fungiform, and foliate papillae that detect taste

595
Q

temporomandibular ligament

A

thickened part of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) capsule on the lateral side

596
Q

tongue-tie or tongue-tied

A

condition on which the lingual frenum is short and attached to the tip of the tongue, making speech difficult, Also called “ankloglossia”

597
Q

tonsillor pillars

A

vertical folds of tissue that lie in front of and behind the palatine tonsils in the lateral throat wall

598
Q

tooth germ

A

soft tissue that develops into a tooth

599
Q

tooth migration

A

movement of the tooth through the bone and the gum tissue

600
Q

torus palatinus

A

large, bony growth in the hard palate

601
Q

transverse ridge

A

ridge formed by the union of the two triangular ridges, traversing the surface of a posterior tooth from the buccal to the lingual side

602
Q

trification

A

diversion of three tooth roots at their point of junction with the root trunk

603
Q

vasoconstrictor

A

substance that constricts the blood vessels

604
Q

vermillion zone

A

red part of the lip where the lip mucosa meets the skin

605
Q

vestibule

A

space between the lips or cheeks and the teeth

606
Q

managed care

A

any contractual arrangement where payment or reimbursement and/or utilization are controlled by a third party

607
Q

mandible

A

the lower jaw

608
Q

maxilla

A

the upper jaw

609
Q

mesial

A

nearer to the middle line of the body or the surface of a tooth nearer to the center of the dental arch

610
Q

molar

A

teeth posterior to the premolars(bicuspids) on either side of the jaw; grinding teeth, having large crowns and brad chewing surfaces

611
Q

mouthguard

A

individually molded device designed primarily to be worn for the purpose of helping prevent injury to the teeth and their surrounding tissues

612
Q

mucous membrane

A

lining of the oral cavity as well as other canals and cavities of the body; also called mucosa

613
Q

necessary treatment

A

a necessary dental procedure or service as determined by a dentist, to either establish or maintain a patients oral health

614
Q

occlusal

A

pertaining to the biting surfaces of the premolar and moar teeth

615
Q

orthotic device

A

apparatus used to support, align, prevent, or correct deformities

616
Q

pallative

A

actions that relieve pain but are not curative

617
Q

panoramic radiograph

A

an extraoral x-ray whereby the entire mandible and maxilla are shown

618
Q

partial denture

A

removable prosthetic device that replaces missing teeth in a dental arch

619
Q

periapical radiograph

A

a dental x-rat that shows the apex of a tooth and the area surrounding the apex

620
Q

periodontal disease

A

inflammatory process of the gingival tissues resulting in an abnormally deep gingival sulcus

621
Q

periodontal pocket

A

pathologically deepened gingival sulcus; a feature of periodontal disease

622
Q

periodontitis

A

inflammation and loss of the connective tissue of the supporting or surrounding structure of teeth with loss of attachment

623
Q

primary dentition

A

the first set of teeth

624
Q

prophylaxis

A

removal of plaque, calculus, and stains from the tooth structures

625
Q

pulpitis

A

inflammation of the dental pulp

626
Q

radiograph

A

an image or picture produced on a radiation sensitive film, phosphorus plate, emulsion or digital sensor by exposure to ionizing radiation

627
Q

recalcification

A

procedure used to encourage biologic root repair of external and internal resorption defects

628
Q

reline

A

process of resurfacing the tissue side of a removable prothesis with new base material

629
Q

orthodontic retainer

A

appliance to stabilize teeth following orthodontic treatment

630
Q

rubber dam

A

a rubber barrier for saliva or moisture, or to provide an isolated operative field

631
Q

scaling

A

removal of plaque, calulus, and stain from teeth

632
Q

sealant

A

a resinous material designed to e applied to the occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth to prevent occlusal caries

633
Q

sedative filling

A

a temporary restoration intended to relieve pain

634
Q

splint

A

a device used to support, protect, or immobilize oral structures that have been loosened, replanted, fractured, or traumatized

635
Q

study model

A

plater or stone model of teeth and adjoining tissues; also referred to as a diagnostic cast

636
Q

table of allowances

A

a list of covered services with an assigned dollar amount that represents the total obligation of the plan with respect to payment for such service, but does not necessarily represent the dentist’s full fee for that service

637
Q

temporomandibular joint

A

the connecting hinge mechanism between the base of the skull and the mandible

638
Q

treatment plan

A

the sequential guide for the patient’s care as determined by the dentist’s diagnosis and is used by the dentist or the restoration to and/or maintenance of optimal oral health

639
Q

zygomatic bone

A

quadrangular bone on either side of face that forms the cheek prominence

640
Q

orthodontics

A

dental specialty that includes the diagnosis, prevention, interception, and correction of malocclusion.

641
Q

local anesthesia

A

the elimination of pain by the topical application or regional injection of a drug

642
Q

behavior management

A

techniques or therapies used to alter or control the actions of a patient who is recieving dental treatment

643
Q

bicuspid

A

a premolar tooth; a tooth with two cusps

644
Q

biopsy

A

process of removing tissue for histologic evaluation

645
Q

bitewing radiation (BWX)

A

interproximal radiographic view of the coronal portion of the tooth/teeth

646
Q

bonding

A

process by which two or more components are made integral by adhesion

647
Q

bruxism

A

the parafunctional grinding of the teeth

648
Q

buccal

A

pertainting to or toward the cheek

649
Q

root canal

A

space inside the root portion of a tooth containing pulp tissue

650
Q

capitation

A

to provide all or most of the dental services covered under the program to subscriber sin return for payment on a per-capita basis

651
Q

cement base

A

material used under a filling to replace lost tooth structure

652
Q

clenching

A

the clamping and pressing of jaws together in centric occlusion frequently associated with stress or physical effort

653
Q

clinical crown

A

the portion of a tooth not visible in the mouth

654
Q

Complete Series, (FMX)

A

14-22 radiographs usually consisting of periapical and posterior images

655
Q

composite

A

a tooth colored resorative material

656
Q

copayment

A

beneficiary’s share of the dentist’s fee after the benefit plan has paid

657
Q

crown

A

restoration covering to replacing part of a tooth or a whole tooth

658
Q

cyst

A

pathological cavity, usually lined with epithelium, containing fluid or soft matter

659
Q

decay

A

the lay term for carious lesions in a tooth; decomposition of tooth structure

660
Q

deductible

A

the amount of dental expense for which the beneficiary is responsible

661
Q

dental insurance

A

a plan that financially assists in the expense of treatment and care of dental disease and, in some cases, accidents to teeth

662
Q

dependents

A

generally spouse and children of covered individual, as defined by terms of the dental benfit contract

663
Q

diastema

A

a space, such as one between two adjacent teeth in the same dental arch

664
Q

dressing

A

medication, bandages, or other therapeutic material applied to a wound

665
Q

dry socket

A

inflammation of the tooth socket following extraction or loss of blood clot; osteities

666
Q

lesion

A

an injury or wound; area of diseased tissue

667
Q

lingual

A

pertaining to or around the tongue; surface of the tooth directed toward the tongue

668
Q

acid etch

A

use of an acidic chemical substance to prepare the enamel or dentin surface to provide retention for bonding

669
Q

adult detention

A

permanent teeth that replace or erupt primary dentition

670
Q

alloy

A

compound combining two or more elements

671
Q

Explorer

A

used to examine teeth and check decay

672
Q

cotton pliers

A

used to transfer cotton

673
Q

periodontal probe

A

used to measure pocket depth

674
Q

post

A

used to add support to tooth

675
Q

dycal instrument

A

used to mix and place cavity liner

676
Q

hollenback

A

used to carve amalgam in proximal

677
Q

condenser

A

used to place the amalgam in tooth

678
Q

composite/plastic instrument

A

used to place composite filling in the tooth

679
Q

burnisher

A

used to smooth amalgam

680
Q

woodson

A

used to place base or temp filling

681
Q

amalgam carrier

A

used for dispensing amalgam

682
Q

gates glidden

A

used to widen root canal

683
Q

suture scissors

A

used to cut stitches

684
Q

crown and bridge scissors

A

used to cut metal

685
Q

mixing spatula

A

used to mix cement or temp filling

686
Q

extraction forceps

A

used to extract teeth

687
Q

elevator

A

used to lossen teeth from the socket for extraction

688
Q

rubber prophy cup

A

used with handpiece to polish teeth

689
Q

endo explorer

A

uesed to locate the canal

690
Q

finishing strip

A

used to smooth composite in proximal area

691
Q

celluloid strip

A

uesed to form temporary wall for composite filling

692
Q

Endo plugger (glick)

A

Used to pack gutta percha in canals

693
Q

Endo file

A

Used to smooth and shape canals

694
Q

Endo broche

A

used to remove pulp tissue

695
Q

periodontal scaler

A

used to remove calculus or flash

696
Q

glass dappen dish

A

all purpose small cup

697
Q

bone file

A

used to smooth rough edges of the bone

698
Q

root tip pick

A

used to elevate root tip

699
Q

metal matrix band

A

used to form temporary wall in class II amalgam

700
Q

pulp tester

A

used to determine vitality of pulp

701
Q

broad lab spatula (beaver tail)

A

used to mix alginate

702
Q

narrow spatula

A

used to mix rubber base or stone

703
Q

ronguer

A

used to cut bone

704
Q

cleoid/discoid

A

used to carve amalgam on the occlusal surface

705
Q

Amalgam well

A

used to hold amalgam in order to load carrier

706
Q

wooden wedge

A

used to hold matrix band in place and helps prevent overhangs

707
Q

gutta percha

A

permanent root canal filling

708
Q

absorvent paper points

A

used to dry root canal

709
Q

boley gauge

A

used to take jaw measurements for dentures

710
Q

BDS

A

Basic Diagnostic Set UP

711
Q

mouth mirror

A

small rounded mirror with detachable handle. Used to view oral area, reflect light into oral cavity, and retract tongue/oral tissues

712
Q

probe

A

often double-ended instrument with explorer on opposite end. Has a long blunt working end. One common type is the PSR prove. Marked in mm increments from 1-10mm. Used to measure patients periodontal pockets.

713
Q

cotton forceps

A

tweezer like instruments used to place cotton pellets, medications, and dressing in oral cavity.

714
Q

Diagnostic aids

A

other aids not included in BDS used to diagnose dental conditions

715
Q

Digital images/Radiographs

A

used to detect dental conditions that may not be visible in the mouth

716
Q

Electric Pulp Tester (EPT)

A

uses variable controlled electrical charges to measure vitality of pulp. Helpful in diagnosing for root canal.

717
Q

Aspirating Syringe

A

used for administering local anesthetic, aspiration action ensures anesthetic not injected into blood stream

718
Q

gauge

A

refers to the thickness of a needle, larger gauge number, the smaller the needle is in diameter

719
Q

anesthetic carpule

A

glass cartridge containing anesthetic, placed into the barrel of an aspirating syringe

720
Q

rubber dam material

A

thin rubber square sheet that comes in various thicknesses, light, medium, and heavy. latex and latex free. used to isolate tooth/teeth worked on from the rest of the mouth (visability) prevents damage to oral tissue and swallowing of materials

721
Q

rubber dam punch

A

puts different size holes in rubber dam material

722
Q

rubber dam frame

A

used to hold rubber dam material once holes have been plcaced. Stretches rubber to fit on the tooth

723
Q

rubber dam clamps forceps

A

used to place/remove rubber dam clamps from treatment site

724
Q

rubber dam clamps

A

primary means of anchoring/stabalizing rubber dam to the arch. Varies in size according to arch and type of tooth

725
Q

stellite

A

used to invert rubber dam facially and lingually. also used to place resin into anterior cavity preps

726
Q

dappen dish

A

multipurpose glass container used to hold medications, burs, cotton pellets, etc…

727
Q

spatula

A

made of stainless steel or plastic to mix materials

728
Q

Composite Shade Guide

A

used to compare a patients natural tooth color to choose correct color for restorative materials for anterior teeth

729
Q

High Speed Hand Piece

A

Removes bulk of tooth structure during cavity preperations. Operates at speeds up to 450,000 rpm. Its speed can generate a vast amount of heat so it is equipped with water spraying devices

730
Q

Rotary Instruments

A

Accessories such as burs and mandrel intended for use with dental hand piece

731
Q

Low speed Hand Piece

A

Used for a range of finishing, polishing, contouring procedures as well as caries removal when lower speeds are ideal. Operates at speeds of up to 25,000 rpm. Two common attachments are the contra angle and straight attachment

732
Q

Burs

A

Used to cut tooth structure. Comes in a wide variety of shapes and sizes

733
Q

Round Burs

A

Used for initial cut of cavity prep and caries removal

734
Q

Pear Shaped Burs

A

Used for moderate to large occlusal caries

735
Q

Inverted Cone Burs

A

Make undercuts for retention grooves and smooth the walls of cavity prep

736
Q

Straight Fisssure Burs

A

Used to remove old amalgam restoration

737
Q

Taper Fissure Burs

A

Used to prepare the WALLS of cavity prep

738
Q

Finishing Burs

A

Used after restorative material has been placed in cavity prep. Used to recreate tooth anatomy

739
Q

Spoon Excavator

A

Used to remove soft dentin, debris, and caries from tooth

740
Q

Chisel

A

Used to smooth enamel margin of cavity preps on anterior teeth

741
Q

Gingival Margin Trimmers

A

Used to place bevel along gingival margin of cavity prep. Designed for mesial or distal surfaces. Even numbered are distial and odd numbered is mesial surface

742
Q

Tofflemire Retainer

A

Holds Stainless Steel matrix together. Different parts hold matrix tighten secure matrix to tooth

743
Q

Matrices

A

disposable accessory forms a wall or box around the tooth that holds filling material until it sets. Separates restoration from adjacent tooth. Stainless steel matrix is used on posterior teeth. celluliod strip is a plastic strip used on anterior teeth

744
Q

Wedges

A

Triangular disposable accessories used with matrix. Made of wood or plastic available in assortment of sizes Help contour matrix to tooth anatomy. Helps to reduce gingival irritation.

745
Q

Amalgam condenser

A

Flat working end variety of diameters. Will pack amalgam into cavity prep

746
Q

Amalgam Retention Pins

A

In Extensive Decay there may not be enough natural tooth to retain filling material. Provides retention for teeth, they have deep threads that grip dentin when screwed into tooth. Other end grips restorative material

HOSA (10 decks)

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