HOSA CPR Flashcards
Quickly and Safely
The primary objective of all peace officers responding to an emergency call should be to get to the call as ___and ___ as possible.
Dispatch
At the scene, peace officers should evaluate the nature of the accident and communicate critical information to ___.
First Responder’s
Evaluating the emergency-Ensuring the officer’s, the injured persons; and the public’s safety-taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident-and initiating action regarding care of the injured person should be assumed as who’s responsibility?
Pathogens
These are spread through the air or by contact with another person’s blood or bodily fluids.
Virus
A submicroscopic agent that is capable of infecting living cells. Once inside they can reproduce and cause illness or disease.
(PPE) Personal Protective Equipment like gloves, mask, eye protection, ventilation devices
By using these, EMS personnel can break the chain of transmission of pathogens and prevent possible exposure and infection.
Universal Precautions
Treating all bodily fluids as if they are contaminated, washing hands before and after contact, and using proper cleaning procedures to equipment that may have been exposed are examples of universal ___ peace officers should take.
Health and Safety
Assuming EMS acts within the scope of the duties, in good faith, and provide care within their scope of training they can not be held liable for damaged, this is written in the ___ and ___ code.
TRUE
True or False? Providing care outside of he scope of one’s training, or being grossly negligent which causes injury can result in a lawsuit.
Initial Survey
The rapid 30-45 second systematic assessment of a victim to determine if life threatening conditions exist is called_____.
Responsiveness, ABC’s, Major Bleeding, treat for shock
During the initial survey officers should check ____.
Focused Survey
Systematic examination to determine whether serious conditions exist. Example: Checking vital signs, gathering info about the subject, conducting head to toe to check for injuries.
Nonsalvageable, Immediate, Delayed, Minor
When assessing the condition of multiple victims, officers should classify each victim into one of these four categories.
Nonsalvageable
The multiple victim assessment category define these people as dead or not breathing
Immediate
This multiple victim assessment category defines these people as breathing, and with circulation but unable to follow commands like “open your eyes”.
Imminent Danger
Because of spinal injury, you should never move an injured person unless you are unable to assess, like a person slumped over a steering wheel, or ___ ___ like fire, explosion, downed power lines, etc.
Check for major bleeding, Treat for shock, Activate EMS if necessary
When checking for responsiveness, a person is responsive and breathing. What do you do?
Look listen and feel for breathing
To assess if the subject is breathing, position yourself with ear near the mouth, eyes looking at the chest, and for five to ten seconds, ___, ___ and ___ for breathing
Version 4.5 Give 2 breaths, approx. 1 second each. Look for chest to rise. Version 5.0 Check pulse and give 30 compressions.
A person is not responsive on initial survey and is not breathing either, what’s the first thing you do?
Check for circulation (pulse)
A person in not responsive on initial survey, but is breathing, what’s the next thing you do?
Carotid
The presence of a pulse on a child or adult is taken at the ___ artery.
Brachial
The presence of a pulse on an infant is taken at the ___ artery.
5 to 10 seconds
How long should you check the pulse of a victim on the initial survey?
Begin CPR
A person has no pulse after giving two initial survey breaths, what happens next?
Continue with rescue breathing
A person has a pulse but is not breathing, what do you do?
Check for major bleeding, treat for shock, place victim in the recovery position
If the victim has a pulse, is breathing, but is unconscious and you do not suspect spinal injures or major bleeding
On the side, with the head supported by the lower forearm
What is the recovery position?
Move on to the next victim
During a multiple victim assessment, you notice a person is unconscious and not breathing. You clear his airway then measure again and he is still not breathing. What do you do next?
Life threatening
A victim should only be moved from his location if he is
in a ___ ____ situation.
Shoulder drag
When moving a victim, the ___ ___ technique can be used to move them regardless if the victim is supine (face up) or prone (face down).
Nose
During the rescue breathing a person’s mouth is injured and cannot be used, the officer should use the mouth to __ position.
10 to 12
Rescue breathing rate for adults and children 8 and over per minute
12 to 20
Rescue breathing rate for infants up to children 8 and under per minute
Rescue breathing
If the victim is not breathing but has a pulse, what should be done next?
Begin CPR
If the victim is not breathing and has no pulse, what should be done?
Recovery position
If the victim resumes adequate breathing and there are no indications of major bleeding or spinal injuries, then the victims can be placed in the ___ position
Recheck airway, then give smaller, slower breaths
During rescue breathing, a person’s stomach experiences gastric distension, what should be done about this?
Turn victim’s body to the side, wipe the victims mouth, recheck airway, return to supine position, return to rescue breathing
If the victim vomits during rescue breathing, what should you do?
Cardiac arrest
you come upon a person who is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no carotid pulse. This person is in a state of ____ ____ and will die without immediate care.
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
A method of artificially restoring and maintaining a person’s breathing and circulation
4 to 6 minutes
A person is clinically dead once breathing and circulation stops, Biological death usually takes place within____ to ____ minutes, brain cells die, vital organs begin to deteriorate.
CPR
A person is not responsive, has an open airway, is not breathing, and has no pulse. What procedure should be started?
Treat for shock, monitor closely, place in recovery position if appropriate
After performing CPR, the victim begins breathing and has a pulse. What should be done now?
And on the sternum at the imaginary nipple line. Place second had over the first one.
The compression point for adults and children 1-8 is the same. What is it?
One finger width below an imaginary line between the nipples
The compression point for an infant is
Using two fingers only
With what part of your hand should you perform the chest compressions of an infant
Victim begins to breath again, officer is relieved, too exhausted to continue, environmental hazards continued CPR efforts would endanger the lives of others
CPR should be continued util
15 to 2
During the two person CPR, infants and children should receive chest compression to breath ratio of
After the 2 minutes of officer performing ventilation, gives one more breath, as chest is falling, rescuers switch positions
During two person CPR, when is a good time to switch positions
After 5 cycles or 2 minutes
During CPR, chest compression are gives as well as rescue breathing. After how many cycles of 30 to 2 or how many minutes of performing CPR should you stop and re-check pulse
Automated External Defibrillator. Device used to shock the heart of fatal rhythm
What is an AED
Two minutes
Rescuers should provide about how many minutes of CPR before activation the AED to reanalyze the heart rhythm and attempt another shock?
Direct Pressure, elevation, pressure points, tourniquet
There are four techniques that may be used to control bleeding at the scene of an emergency. What are they?
Head Tilt chin lift
Or the two maneuvers for opening the airways, this one provides maximum airway opening
Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) or Chest Compressions
The two primary maneuvers for dealing with a severe airway obstruction are
Infants or pregnant women
Abdominal thrusts should not be used on
Back blows and chest compressions
A combination of ____ blows and ___ compressions may be used to dislodge a foreign object from an infants airway
Heart, blood vessels, blood
The 3 main components to the circulatory system are
Direct pressure
This bleeding control method is the most common and effective It should be used first before other options.
If a fracture to that limb or spinal cord injury is suspected
When should you not use the elevation method for bleeding control?
Pressure points
Used when bleeding is not controlled through direct pressure or elevation
Tourniquet
This bleeding control method uses a device to close off all blood flow to and from a limb, should only be used for life threatening conditions as a last resort when all other methods have failed
Abrasion
A scraping away of only the outer portion of the skin
Laceration
Jagged edged wound, caused by objects tearing or ripping the skin, broken glass, Jagged metal, saws, etc.
Shock
Perfusion is the continued flow of blood through the capillaries supplying oxygen and removing waste products. Inadequate perfusion leads to ___.
Second
Degree of burn where the skin appears red and spotted, with blisters. Knows also as partial thickness burns
Third
Degree of burn where the skin appears dry, leathery, discolored nerve endings are destroyed
Cardiac emergency
A person is experiencing chest pains, pain down the arm, some heartburn, shortness of breath and sweating. What does this indicate?
Yes
A person is experiencing a cardiac arrest but is alert enough to ask you to grab his prescribed medications and open the bottle. Is that ok to do?
Seizures
A result of and surge of energy through the brain
Epilepsy
Individuals with ___ may exhibit characteristics similar to the effects of drug use or intoxication.
Don’t restrain, move objects out of the way, cushion the person’s head
Things you can do to help a person while they are seizing
Stroke
When an artery providing blood to the brain is blocked or ruptured and creates excess pressure in the brain. The person experiences _____.
Insulin shock or diabetic coma
An improper level of insulin in the body can lead to two dangerous conditions what are they?
Children
____ are the most common victim’s of poisoning
Ingestion, Inhalation, Absorption, Injection
Four ways poison can enter the body I. I. A. I.
Anaphylactic shock
An allergic to poisons or food that can effect different parts of the body.
Hypothermia
Occurs when the body’s internal temperature drops to the point where the body’s system are affected
Mild to moderate
Violent shivering, numbness, fatigue, loss of motor coordination, rapid breathing, rapid pulse are indicators of___ to ___ hypothermia
Severe
Lack of shivering, rigid muscles/joints, slow shallow breathing, slow pulse, blue/grey skin color are indicators of ___ hypothermia
No
Should you rub a frostbitten body part?
Cramps
Heat ___ can strike when the body loses too much salt due to prolonged perspiration.
Exhaustion
Heat ___ is a form of shock that can occur when the body becomes dehydrated accompanied by profuse sweating, dizziness, headache, rapid pulse etc.
Stroke
Heat __ is life threatening condition requiring immediate attention accompanied by red, hot, dry skin, shallow breathing, and possible seizures and/or unconsciousness.
Epinephrine
Epinephrine a medication used for allergic reaction or anaphalxis to allevaite swollen blood vessels and will open up bronchioles
Rapidly
First aid for heat stroke includes activating EMS, Monitor ABC’s Remove victim from source of heat. And cooling the victim’s body as ____ as possible
Slowly
First aid measure for frostbite includes wrapping the area n dry loose bandages and allowing the area to re-warm quickly or slowly?
What are the 5 parts to the AHA Chain of Survival?
- Recognition and activation of EMS
- CPR
- Rapid defibrillation
- Effective advanced life support
- Post cardiac arrest care
Normal respiration rate for adults
12-20 breaths per min
Normal respiration rate for children
15-30 bpm
Normal respiration for infants
25-50 bpm
what is circulatory system made of?
blood, heart, and blood vessels
Arterial direction of blood flow
away from heart
What happens when an a
what happens when an artery is cut?
blood spurts out
What is the femoral artery?
In the thigh (palpated in groin area)
where is the brachial artery? when is it used?
inner of upper arm (between elbow and armpit) – used with infants
what is low blood pressure
hypotension
what is plasma?
liquid part of blood– mostly water
what do red blood cells do?
carry oxygen to organs
what refers to the circulation of blood through an organ structure?
Perfusion
what causes shock?
inadequate circulation
What are the signs of shock?
pale/cyanotic skin, cool, clammy skin, rapid pulse/breathing, restlessness, anxiety, mental dullness, nausea/ vomiting , low/decreasing blood pressure, below-normal body temp.
what does the cerebrum control?
sensation, thought, associative memory
where is the sight center located
occipital lobe
what directs smell and hearing
temporal lobes
what is the autonomic nervous system
process not controlled by conscious mind
what are the 5 parts of the spinal column?
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
what is the lower part of the sternum called?
xiphoid process
what is the thorax made of?
ribs and sternum
what is a joint?
where two or more bones meet/join
what can be a sign of nerve injury?
loss of muscle tone
what ate the 2 layers of the skin?
epidermis, and dermis
what does red skin generally mean?
excess circulation to part of the body
what does whit skin generally mean?
extreme blood loss, shock, hypothermia
what does blue skin generally mean?
lack of oxygen
what does yellow skin mean
liver disease/failure
what temperature/moisture of the skin is a sign of heat stroke
hot and dry skin
what temperature/moisture level of the skin is a sign of heat exhaustion?
cool and moist skin
how can you check blood circulation
capillary refill test
how does heart attack occur?
blood supply is reduced/ stopped to the heart
what id cardiac arrest
the heart stops beating
how many hands are used for child CPR? how deep?
one or two hands. about 2 inches
how many hands are used for infant CPR? how deep?
2 fingers, about 1.5 inches
what is the optimum rate for compressions
100 per minute
what are the signs of severe airway obstructions?
difficulty breathing, weak cough, inability to speak/breathe, blueish grey skin
how to remove airway obstruction from responsive infant
infant on knee with head, neck, and back supported. 5 back blows. turn over, 5 chest compressions
how does the heart work?
2 chambers on left side of the heart get oxygenated blood from lungs, then sends to the rest of the body
what is ventricular tachycardia
heart beats too fast to pump blood effectively
medication patches
must be removed before using aed
when does shock occur
tissue in the body do not receive enough oxygen rich blood
what is anaphylaxis
extreme allergic reaction
what is pulmonary edema
resting buildup of fluid in lungs
hat is hemmorage
large amount of bleeding in short time
what is arterial bleeding
most serious type of bleeding, blood spurts out, unlikely to clot
what characterizes venous bleeding?
flows from veins steadily, easier to control
what is avulsion
piece of skin or underlying tissue that is torn loose from the body
what is placed over a wound to prevent contamination
a dressing
what is used to hold a dressing in place
a bandage
what are symptoms of a 2nd degree burn?
blisters, swelling, severe pain
what are symptoms of a 3rd degree burn
leathery, waxy, pearly grey skin that may appear charred
care for chemical burns
brush dry powder from skin, remove contaminated clothing, flush for 20 min or longer, cover burn with dry, sterile dressing
what are some symptoms of skull fracture?
pain, deformity of skull, bleeding from ear or nose, watery csf coming from ear or nose, raccoon ears appearing after wards
what are some symptoms of a concussion
LOC, headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased coordination, confusion, seizures
contusion
direct blow to the head causing brain to bruise
what is an edema
swelling of the brain
signs of chest wound
blood bubbling from chest, sucking sound when inhaling
reversed prompt
The primary objective of all peace officers responding to an emergency call should be to get to the call as ___and ___ as possible.
Quickly and Safely
reversed prompt
At the scene, peace officers should evaluate the nature of the accident and communicate critical information to ___.
Dispatch
reversed prompt
Evaluating the emergency-Ensuring the officer’s, the injured persons; and the public’s safety-taking necessary enforcement actions related to the incident-and initiating action regarding care of the injured person should be assumed as who’s responsibility?
First Responder’s
reversed prompt
These are spread through the air or by contact with another person’s blood or bodily fluids.
Pathogens
reversed prompt
A submicroscopic agent that is capable of infecting living cells. Once inside they can reproduce and cause illness or disease.
Virus
reversed prompt
By using these, EMS personnel can break the chain of transmission of pathogens and prevent possible exposure and infection.
(PPE) Personal Protective Equipment like gloves, mask, eye protection, ventilation devices
reversed prompt
Treating all bodily fluids as if they are contaminated, washing hands before and after contact, and using proper cleaning procedures to equipment that may have been exposed are examples of universal ___ peace officers should take.
Universal Precautions
reversed prompt
Assuming EMS acts within the scope of the duties, in good faith, and provide care within their scope of training they can not be held liable for damaged, this is written in the ___ and ___ code.
Health and Safety
reversed prompt
True or False? Providing care outside of he scope of one’s training, or being grossly negligent which causes injury can result in a lawsuit.
TRUE
reversed prompt
The rapid 30-45 second systematic assessment of a victim to determine if life threatening conditions exist is called_____.
Initial Survey
reversed prompt
During the initial survey officers should check ____.
Responsiveness, ABC’s, Major Bleeding, treat for shock
reversed prompt
Systematic examination to determine whether serious conditions exist. Example: Checking vital signs, gathering info about the subject, conducting head to toe to check for injuries.
Focused Survey
reversed prompt
When assessing the condition of multiple victims, officers should classify each victim into one of these four categories.
Nonsalvageable, Immediate, Delayed, Minor
reversed prompt
The multiple victim assessment category define these people as dead or not breathing
Nonsalvageable
reversed prompt
This multiple victim assessment category defines these people as breathing, and with circulation but unable to follow commands like “open your eyes”.
Immediate
reversed prompt
Because of spinal injury, you should never move an injured person unless you are unable to assess, like a person slumped over a steering wheel, or ___ ___ like fire, explosion, downed power lines, etc.
Imminent Danger
reversed prompt
When checking for responsiveness, a person is responsive and breathing. What do you do?
Check for major bleeding, Treat for shock, Activate EMS if necessary
reversed prompt
To assess if the subject is breathing, position yourself with ear near the mouth, eyes looking at the chest, and for five to ten seconds, ___, ___ and ___ for breathing
Look listen and feel for breathing
reversed prompt
A person is not responsive on initial survey and is not breathing either, what’s the first thing you do?
Version 4.5 Give 2 breaths, approx. 1 second each. Look for chest to rise. Version 5.0 Check pulse and give 30 compressions.
reversed prompt
A person in not responsive on initial survey, but is breathing, what’s the next thing you do?
Check for circulation (pulse)
reversed prompt
The presence of a pulse on a child or adult is taken at the ___ artery.
Carotid
reversed prompt
The presence of a pulse on an infant is taken at the ___ artery.
Brachial
reversed prompt
How long should you check the pulse of a victim on the initial survey?
5 to 10 seconds
reversed prompt
A person has no pulse after giving two initial survey breaths, what happens next?
Begin CPR
reversed prompt
A person has a pulse but is not breathing, what do you do?
Continue with rescue breathing
reversed prompt
If the victim has a pulse, is breathing, but is unconscious and you do not suspect spinal injures or major bleeding
Check for major bleeding, treat for shock, place victim in the recovery position
reversed prompt
What is the recovery position?
On the side, with the head supported by the lower forearm
reversed prompt
During a multiple victim assessment, you notice a person is unconscious and not breathing. You clear his airway then measure again and he is still not breathing. What do you do next?
Move on to the next victim
reversed prompt
A victim should only be moved from his location if he is
in a ___ ____ situation.
Life threatening
reversed prompt
When moving a victim, the ___ ___ technique can be used to move them regardless if the victim is supine (face up) or prone (face down).
Shoulder drag
reversed prompt
During the rescue breathing a person’s mouth is injured and cannot be used, the officer should use the mouth to __ position.
Nose
reversed prompt
Rescue breathing rate for adults and children 8 and over per minute
10 to 12
reversed prompt
Rescue breathing rate for infants up to children 8 and under per minute
12 to 20
reversed prompt
If the victim is not breathing but has a pulse, what should be done next?
Rescue breathing
reversed prompt
If the victim is not breathing and has no pulse, what should be done?
Begin CPR
reversed prompt
If the victim resumes adequate breathing and there are no indications of major bleeding or spinal injuries, then the victims can be placed in the ___ position
Recovery position
reversed prompt
During rescue breathing, a person’s stomach experiences gastric distension, what should be done about this?
Recheck airway, then give smaller, slower breaths
reversed prompt
If the victim vomits during rescue breathing, what should you do?
Turn victim’s body to the side, wipe the victims mouth, recheck airway, return to supine position, return to rescue breathing
reversed prompt
you come upon a person who is unresponsive, not breathing, and has no carotid pulse. This person is in a state of ____ ____ and will die without immediate care.
Cardiac arrest
reversed prompt
A method of artificially restoring and maintaining a person’s breathing and circulation
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
reversed prompt
A person is clinically dead once breathing and circulation stops, Biological death usually takes place within____ to ____ minutes, brain cells die, vital organs begin to deteriorate.
4 to 6 minutes
reversed prompt
A person is not responsive, has an open airway, is not breathing, and has no pulse. What procedure should be started?
CPR
reversed prompt
After performing CPR, the victim begins breathing and has a pulse. What should be done now?
Treat for shock, monitor closely, place in recovery position if appropriate
reversed prompt
The compression point for adults and children 1-8 is the same. What is it?
And on the sternum at the imaginary nipple line. Place second had over the first one.
reversed prompt
The compression point for an infant is
One finger width below an imaginary line between the nipples
reversed prompt
With what part of your hand should you perform the chest compressions of an infant
Using two fingers only
reversed prompt
CPR should be continued util
Victim begins to breath again, officer is relieved, too exhausted to continue, environmental hazards continued CPR efforts would endanger the lives of others
reversed prompt
During the two person CPR, infants and children should receive chest compression to breath ratio of
15 to 2
reversed prompt
During two person CPR, when is a good time to switch positions
After the 2 minutes of officer performing ventilation, gives one more breath, as chest is falling, rescuers switch positions
reversed prompt
During CPR, chest compression are gives as well as rescue breathing. After how many cycles of 30 to 2 or how many minutes of performing CPR should you stop and re-check pulse
After 5 cycles or 2 minutes
reversed prompt
What is an AED
Automated External Defibrillator. Device used to shock the heart of fatal rhythm
reversed prompt
Rescuers should provide about how many minutes of CPR before activation the AED to reanalyze the heart rhythm and attempt another shock?
Two minutes
reversed prompt
There are four techniques that may be used to control bleeding at the scene of an emergency. What are they?
Direct Pressure, elevation, pressure points, tourniquet
reversed prompt
Or the two maneuvers for opening the airways, this one provides maximum airway opening
Head Tilt chin lift
reversed prompt
The two primary maneuvers for dealing with a severe airway obstruction are
Abdominal thrusts (Heimlich maneuver) or Chest Compressions
reversed prompt
Abdominal thrusts should not be used on
Infants or pregnant women
reversed prompt
A combination of ____ blows and ___ compressions may be used to dislodge a foreign object from an infants airway
Back blows and chest compressions
reversed prompt
The 3 main components to the circulatory system are
Heart, blood vessels, blood
reversed prompt
This bleeding control method is the most common and effective It should be used first before other options.
Direct pressure
reversed prompt
When should you not use the elevation method for bleeding control?
If a fracture to that limb or spinal cord injury is suspected
reversed prompt
Used when bleeding is not controlled through direct pressure or elevation
Pressure points
reversed prompt
This bleeding control method uses a device to close off all blood flow to and from a limb, should only be used for life threatening conditions as a last resort when all other methods have failed
Tourniquet
reversed prompt
A scraping away of only the outer portion of the skin
Abrasion
reversed prompt
Jagged edged wound, caused by objects tearing or ripping the skin, broken glass, Jagged metal, saws, etc.
Laceration
reversed prompt
Perfusion is the continued flow of blood through the capillaries supplying oxygen and removing waste products. Inadequate perfusion leads to ___.
Shock
reversed prompt
Degree of burn where the skin appears red and spotted, with blisters. Knows also as partial thickness burns
Second
reversed prompt
Degree of burn where the skin appears dry, leathery, discolored nerve endings are destroyed
Third
reversed prompt
A person is experiencing chest pains, pain down the arm, some heartburn, shortness of breath and sweating. What does this indicate?
Cardiac emergency
reversed prompt
A person is experiencing a cardiac arrest but is alert enough to ask you to grab his prescribed medications and open the bottle. Is that ok to do?
Yes
reversed prompt
A result of and surge of energy through the brain
Seizures
reversed prompt
Individuals with ___ may exhibit characteristics similar to the effects of drug use or intoxication.
Epilepsy
reversed prompt
Things you can do to help a person while they are seizing
Don’t restrain, move objects out of the way, cushion the person’s head
reversed prompt
When an artery providing blood to the brain is blocked or ruptured and creates excess pressure in the brain. The person experiences _____.
Stroke
reversed prompt
An improper level of insulin in the body can lead to two dangerous conditions what are they?
Insulin shock or diabetic coma
reversed prompt
____ are the most common victim’s of poisoning
Children
reversed prompt
Four ways poison can enter the body I. I. A. I.
Ingestion, Inhalation, Absorption, Injection
reversed prompt
An allergic to poisons or food that can effect different parts of the body.
Anaphylactic shock
reversed prompt
Occurs when the body’s internal temperature drops to the point where the body’s system are affected
Hypothermia
reversed prompt
Violent shivering, numbness, fatigue, loss of motor coordination, rapid breathing, rapid pulse are indicators of___ to ___ hypothermia
Mild to moderate
reversed prompt
Lack of shivering, rigid muscles/joints, slow shallow breathing, slow pulse, blue/grey skin color are indicators of ___ hypothermia
Severe
reversed prompt
Should you rub a frostbitten body part?
No
reversed prompt
Heat ___ can strike when the body loses too much salt due to prolonged perspiration.
Cramps
reversed prompt
Heat ___ is a form of shock that can occur when the body becomes dehydrated accompanied by profuse sweating, dizziness, headache, rapid pulse etc.
Exhaustion
reversed prompt
Heat __ is life threatening condition requiring immediate attention accompanied by red, hot, dry skin, shallow breathing, and possible seizures and/or unconsciousness.
Stroke
reversed prompt
Epinephrine a medication used for allergic reaction or anaphalxis to allevaite swollen blood vessels and will open up bronchioles
Epinephrine
reversed prompt
First aid for heat stroke includes activating EMS, Monitor ABC’s Remove victim from source of heat. And cooling the victim’s body as ____ as possible
Rapidly
reversed prompt
First aid measure for frostbite includes wrapping the area n dry loose bandages and allowing the area to re-warm quickly or slowly?
Slowly
reversed prompt
- Recognition and activation of EMS
- CPR
- Rapid defibrillation
- Effective advanced life support
- Post cardiac arrest care
What are the 5 parts to the AHA Chain of Survival?
reversed prompt
12-20 breaths per min
Normal respiration rate for adults
reversed prompt
15-30 bpm
Normal respiration rate for children
reversed prompt
25-50 bpm
Normal respiration for infants
reversed prompt
blood, heart, and blood vessels
what is circulatory system made of?
reversed prompt
away from heart
Arterial direction of blood flow
What happens when an a
reversed prompt
blood spurts out
what happens when an artery is cut?
reversed prompt
In the thigh (palpated in groin area)
What is the femoral artery?
reversed prompt
inner of upper arm (between elbow and armpit) – used with infants
where is the brachial artery? when is it used?
reversed prompt
hypotension
what is low blood pressure
reversed prompt
liquid part of blood– mostly water
what is plasma?
reversed prompt
carry oxygen to organs
what do red blood cells do?
reversed prompt
Perfusion
what refers to the circulation of blood through an organ structure?
reversed prompt
inadequate circulation
what causes shock?
reversed prompt
pale/cyanotic skin, cool, clammy skin, rapid pulse/breathing, restlessness, anxiety, mental dullness, nausea/ vomiting , low/decreasing blood pressure, below-normal body temp.
What are the signs of shock?
reversed prompt
sensation, thought, associative memory
what does the cerebrum control?
reversed prompt
occipital lobe
where is the sight center located
reversed prompt
temporal lobes
what directs smell and hearing
reversed prompt
process not controlled by conscious mind
what is the autonomic nervous system
reversed prompt
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacrum, coccyx
what are the 5 parts of the spinal column?
reversed prompt
xiphoid process
what is the lower part of the sternum called?
reversed prompt
ribs and sternum
what is the thorax made of?
reversed prompt
where two or more bones meet/join
what is a joint?
reversed prompt
loss of muscle tone
what can be a sign of nerve injury?
reversed prompt
epidermis, and dermis
what ate the 2 layers of the skin?
reversed prompt
excess circulation to part of the body
what does red skin generally mean?
reversed prompt
extreme blood loss, shock, hypothermia
what does whit skin generally mean?
reversed prompt
lack of oxygen
what does blue skin generally mean?
reversed prompt
liver disease/failure
what does yellow skin mean
reversed prompt
hot and dry skin
what temperature/moisture of the skin is a sign of heat stroke
reversed prompt
cool and moist skin
what temperature/moisture level of the skin is a sign of heat exhaustion?
reversed prompt
capillary refill test
how can you check blood circulation
reversed prompt
blood supply is reduced/ stopped to the heart
how does heart attack occur?
reversed prompt
the heart stops beating
what id cardiac arrest
reversed prompt
one or two hands. about 2 inches
how many hands are used for child CPR? how deep?
reversed prompt
2 fingers, about 1.5 inches
how many hands are used for infant CPR? how deep?
reversed prompt
100 per minute
what is the optimum rate for compressions
reversed prompt
difficulty breathing, weak cough, inability to speak/breathe, blueish grey skin
what are the signs of severe airway obstructions?
reversed prompt
infant on knee with head, neck, and back supported. 5 back blows. turn over, 5 chest compressions
how to remove airway obstruction from responsive infant
reversed prompt
2 chambers on left side of the heart get oxygenated blood from lungs, then sends to the rest of the body
how does the heart work?
reversed prompt
heart beats too fast to pump blood effectively
what is ventricular tachycardia
reversed prompt
must be removed before using aed
medication patches
reversed prompt
tissue in the body do not receive enough oxygen rich blood
when does shock occur
reversed prompt
extreme allergic reaction
what is anaphylaxis
reversed prompt
resting buildup of fluid in lungs
what is pulmonary edema
reversed prompt
large amount of bleeding in short time
hat is hemmorage
reversed prompt
most serious type of bleeding, blood spurts out, unlikely to clot
what is arterial bleeding
reversed prompt
flows from veins steadily, easier to control
what characterizes venous bleeding?
reversed prompt
piece of skin or underlying tissue that is torn loose from the body
what is avulsion
reversed prompt
a dressing
what is placed over a wound to prevent contamination
reversed prompt
a bandage
what is used to hold a dressing in place
reversed prompt
blisters, swelling, severe pain
what are symptoms of a 2nd degree burn?
reversed prompt
leathery, waxy, pearly grey skin that may appear charred
what are symptoms of a 3rd degree burn
reversed prompt
brush dry powder from skin, remove contaminated clothing, flush for 20 min or longer, cover burn with dry, sterile dressing
care for chemical burns
reversed prompt
pain, deformity of skull, bleeding from ear or nose, watery csf coming from ear or nose, raccoon ears appearing after wards
what are some symptoms of skull fracture?
reversed prompt
LOC, headache, nausea, vomiting, decreased coordination, confusion, seizures
what are some symptoms of a concussion
reversed prompt
direct blow to the head causing brain to bruise
contusion
reversed prompt
swelling of the brain
what is an edema
reversed prompt
blood bubbling from chest, sucking sound when inhaling
signs of chest wound
